摘要:

Single biopsies of human gastric mucosa from controls and different groups of patients were used for enzymatic cell isolation by pronase and collagenase and subsequent count of parietal and nonparietal cells. This procedure was tested in regard to its validity and delivered the following cell numbers. Total gastric cells/mg wet weight gastric mucosa: normal gastric mucosa [controls (C), n = 95] 31,500 ± (SEM) 1,490, chronic superficial gastritis (GI; n = 49) 36,300 ± 2,770, chronic gastritis with beginning atrophy (GII; n = 36) 44,100 ± 3,050 (p < 0.025), chronic atrophic gastritis (GUI; n = 12) 40,100 ± 5,760, duodenal ulcer (DU; n = 26) 29,340 ± 2,280, gastric ulcer (GU; n = 23) 37,090 ± 3,000, gastric resection according to Billroth II(BII;n = 7)57,480 ± 12,360 (p < 0.005) and Billroth II (BII; n = 12)52,560 ± 6,730 (p < 0.005). Parietal cells/mg wet weight gastric mucosa: 1,910 ± 490 (C), 1,980 ± 140 (GI), 1,700 ± 200 (GII), 1,170 ± 220 (GUI, p < 0.025), 2,580 ± 240 (DU, p < 0.05), 1,690 ± 150 (GU), 1,500 ± 250 (BI), 1,360 ± 320 (BII). Parietal cell concentration (density) did not differ in males and females and did not change with age. The method delivers relevant cell numbers, is suitable to detect qualitative differences and can be used for the interpretation of bioc

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000138209

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Adenylate cyclase (AC) in response to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and histamine was studied in morphologically different biopsy specimens from human gastric mucosa. The activities of the enzyme were log-normally distributed and did not differ between males and females. PGE2 activated AC in a concentration-dependent manner in normal gastric mucosa (n = 57), chronic superficial gastritis (GI, 18), chronic gastritis with beginning atrophy (GII, 10), chronic atrophic gastritis (GUI, 24), gastric ulcer (GU, 39), duodenal ulcer (DU, 32), and biopsies of patients operated according to Billroth II (BII, 20) and was most efficacious in GUI and BII. Histamine, which was studied in normal gastric mucosa (n = 27), DU (n = 20), GU (n= 13), and BII (n = 18), stimulated AC most efficaciously and potently in DU, was less effective in normal gastric mucosa and GU, and had no effect at all in BII. Cimetidine treatment of DU patients did not change the PGE2 action, while the degree of stimulation by histamine was reduced. The data indicate characteristic differences of the PGE2- and histamine-sensitive AC in the mucosal samples of these patients.

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000138210

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Anoxia has been shown to potentiate the constrictor effects of 5-hydroxytrypta-mine (5HT) in isolated vascular tissue. In the present study, canine coronary arterial rings were incubated with various treatments and exposed to 5HT (4 × 10–7M) and anoxia (95% N2 and 5% CO2). Developed tension was increased by 250 ± 40 mg by 5HT alone and 2,000 ± 90 mg by 5HT and anoxia. Calcium (5 mM) potentiated, while inorganic (lanthanum, 10–2 M) and organic calcium antagonists (nifedipine, verapamil and diltiazem; IC50 = 7 × 10–9, 7.3 × 10–8 and 2.4 × 10–7M, respectively) blocked the anoxic potentiation. Anoxia alone decreased resting tension (RT). Methysergide 3 × 10-5M inhibited both the 5HT- and anoxia-potentiated responses. Nitroglycerin decreased RT and inhibited the anoxic response (IC50 = 7.6 × 10–6M), while dipyridamole decreased RT and did not affect the anoxic response. These data suggest that the potentiation of 5HT contraction by anoxia is dependent upon extracellular calcium influx and is linked to a 5HT receptor. In addition, inhibition of the anoxic response can be achieved at other sites and is not a property common to all co

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000138211

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Calcium entry blocking activities of adenosine and its potentiating compounds (dipyridamole, lidoflazine and dilazep) were studied in potassium (100 mmol/l) depolarized, dog, large coronary artery strips, in comparison to nifedipine, verapamil and diltiazem. Apparent pA2 values were calculated by using concentration-response curves for calcium before and 30 min after the addition of each dilator drug. The order of potency (using both pA2 and IC50 dilazep. Dipyridamole and adenosine had negligible calcium entry blocking activities (about 10,000 times less potent than verapamil). The calcium entry blocking activity of verapamil (using pA2 values) was 39.8 times less potent than nifedipine, and 3.6, 21.4 and 97.7 times more potent than diltiazem, lidoflazine and dilazep, respectively. The maximum relaxations induced by adenosine (3.7 × 10–4 mol/l) and dipyridamole (5 × 10–5 mol/l) were less than 20% that of 3 × 10–4 mol/l papaverine. However, the other test drugs caused 80–90% relaxation under similar conditions. The relaxing effect of adenosine was inhibited by 8-phenyltheophylline (adenosine receptor antagonist) and potentiated by EHNA (an adenosine deaminase inhibitor), while dilazep-induced relaxation was not affected by these drugs. These findings suggest that the calcium entry blocking effect of dilazep in dog, large coronary artery strips is not mediated through

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000138212

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of two bovine heart atrial fractions (AFI and AFII) were investigated in toad skin. When added to the inner (serosal) solution, AFI caused a maximal reversible depression of the transepithelial potential and short-circuit current of about 60% and AFII induced maximal decline of these parameters of only 35%. When added to the outer (mucosal) solution, the effect of both fractions was often only partially reversible. Isaacson’s amiloride test showed that AF I decreased the numerical estimates of all the components in the electrical equivalent circuit. The net Na+ flux decreased due to a fall in Na+ flux in the active direction. Incubation with Ca2+-free Ringer’s solution decreased and Ca2+ ionophore A 23187 increased the effect of AF II. Partial replacement of sodium by choline in the outer solution slightly reduced the effect and substitution of normal Ringer’s solution with sulfate or isethionate Ringer’s solution in the outer solution significantly enhanced the effect of the AF. These results indicate that bovine heart atrial natriuretic fractions decrease the sodium potential (ENa), sodium conductance (GNa) and passive conductance (Gsh). The fall in net Na+ transport measured with sodium tracer fluxes confirms the decrease in ENa and GN

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000138213

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the putative cerebral vasodilator, mefenidil hydrochloride (MF), on cardiocirculatory dynamics and the total distribution of cardiac output in the conscious rat. The radioactive microsphere technique was used to measure regional blood flow and cardiac output before (control) and during intravenous infusion of either MF (2.5, 5.0, 10.0 mg/kg) or vehicle (VH; saline, 0.0204, 0.0408. 0.0816 ml/min, respectively). Neither MF nor VH were found to have significant effects on cerebral blood flow or vascular resistance in conscious rats. MF significantly increased cerebral blood flow and lowered cerebral vascular resistance compared to VH in anesthetized animals without having significant effects in other circulatory regions.

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000138214

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger