摘要:

To study the effect of diuretics on K+ distribution in skeletal muscle, rats were fed hydrochlorothiazide (HC) 20 mg/kg/day, amiloride (AM) 5 mg/kg/day, or HC (10 mg/kg/day) and AM (5 mg/kg/day) combined, for 4 weeks. When compared with controls the rats fed HC showed a fall of K+ concentration in extracellular water and a rise in the K+ gradient across the skeletal muscle cell membrane. These changes were not seen in rats fed AM, and where the animals were given HC and AM together there was a rise in the intracellular concentration of K+ but no change in the K+ gradient. AM and HC in combination caused a greater natriuresis than either diuretic alone.

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136393

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of hydrocortisone (2.5 ×10–8M) on accumulation and metabolism of 14C-norepinephrine (14C-NE) by isolated rabbit aorta have been studied over a 2-hour period. 14C-NE and metabolites were isolated from tissue homogenates by means of column chromatography. Hydrocortisone significantly reduced uptake of 14C-NE after 40 min. o-Methylated 14C-NE metabolites were also significantly reduced and no 14C-dihydroxymandelic acid was recovered from tissue homogenates. It appears that hydrocortisone may impede transmembrane movements of 14C-NE to sites of enzymatic inactivation in vascular smooth muscle. Further studies were conducted to compare the effects of a catechol-o-methyltransferase inhibitor (3’,4’-dihydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone, U-0521) and a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (iproniazid) with those of hydrocortisone, desoxycorticosterone acetate and progesterone on initial accumulation and metabolism of 14C-NE by aortae after 10 min exposure to 14C-NE. U-0521, desoxycorticosterone acetate and progesterone significantly reduced 14C-NE accumulation by aortae. All three steroids significantly reduced the amount of o-methylated and deaminated 14C-NE metabolites recovered from aortae. The amount of unmetabolized 14C-NE recovered was not altered by the steroids. Therefore, it appears that all the steroids tested have the ability to limit the transmembrane movements of 14C-NE in vascular smooth muscle which are necessary for enzymatic destruction. This effect may account for the ability of steroid hormones to potentiate catecholamine-induced contraction in vascular smooth

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136394

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This study examines the effects of continuous natriuresis on sodium (Na) and potassium (K) balance in conscious rats. Natriuresis was induced either by sodium chloride (NaCl) perfusions of by NaCl perfusions and furosemide. (1) A daily rise of K and Na excretion occurred when daily losses of K and Na were balanced. (2) K and Na excretion were only weakly correlated in the group with NaCl diuresis, not correlated in the group with NaCl and furosemide. (3) During continuous natriuresis even with great amounts of supplements, the K balance cannot be compensated.

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136395

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of chronic halothane inhalation and blood ethanol elimination was studied in the rat. Hepatic α-glycerophosphate, oxidase ADH and malic enzyme activities were determined. Malic enzyme activity was also assayed in adipose tissue. Halothane-treated rats showed an increased ethanol elimination (378 ± 13 vs. 292 ± 19; p < 0.01). Hepatic and adipose tissue malic enzyme activities were significantly enhanced in halothane-treated rats (6.26 ± 1.2 vs. 1.03 ± 0.23; p < 0.002 for the liver and 1.84 ± 0.71 vs. 0.75 ± 0.33 for adipose tissue). Mitochondrial α-glycerophosphate oxidase activity was also significantly increased in the liver of halothane-treated animals (p < 0.05) while no changes in ADH activity were observed. The enhanced ethanol elimination after halothane treatment, a substance which inhibits microsomal enzyme, is possibly due to increased NADH reoxidation. Another possibility explaining augmented ethanol metabolism may be an increased incorporation of ethanol into lipids related to the enhancement of malic enzyme a

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136396

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Changes of intraluminal pressure produced by stomach contractions evoked either by electrical stimulation of vagus nerve or by i.v. injection of pilocarpine were recorded in guinea pig. Papaverine partially and transiently inhibited the contractions evoked by the vagal stimulation and not those evoked by the injection of pilocarpine. An antinicotinic type of action of papaverine in smooth muscle seems to e also confirmed for its in vivo effect.

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136397

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In isolated guinea pig atria, chronotropic responses to vagus nerve stimulation and to acetylcholine were markedly reduced by glucagon. This polypeptide did not affect ganglionic transmission, axonal conduction and release of acetylcholine from nerve terminals. This indicates that glucagon exerts its antivagal action on the atrial pacemaker cells. Dibutyryl cyclic 3’,5’-AMP also inhibited vagal bradycardia in guinea pig atria. The antivagal effect of glucagon may be related to the stimulation of adenyl cycl

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136398

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000135366

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1963

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Ethanol-induced sleep time was measured in mice after administration of serotonin (0.28 mM/kg), tryptophol (1.5 mM/kg), dopamine (0.06 mM/kg) and 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethanol (5.2 mM/kg). All compounds tested significantly (p < 0.001) enhanced ethanol sleep in mice when the agents were administered together with ethanol. The synergistic effect of these agents on ethanol narcosis was probably potentiative, since the combination dose caused a duration of sleep greater than the sum of the sleep times when serotonin, tryptophol, dopamine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol or ethanol was given alone. The observed potentiative effect between ethanol and the aromatic monoamines is probably not related to an alteration of ethanol metabolism, but rather to the production of these alcohol-like metabolites.

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136399

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000135367

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1963

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of Sanocrysin® (sodium aurothio-sulfate) in the dosage 1, 5, 12.5 and 25 mg/kg on urinary lactate dehydrogenase, leucine aminopeptidase and alanine aminopeptidase was investigated in rats in a 10 days’ experiment. During this experiment three injections of Sanocrysin® in these dosages were administered. The treatment with Sanocrysin® resulted in an increase of urinary enzymes. This increase correlated with the height of used doses. After the dosage of 5 mg/kg this increase occurred only after the first injection. The dosage of 12.5 and 25 mg/kg resulted in a two-phase increase after the first and third injec

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136400

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger