ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1996.11718488

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryThe activity of amoxycillin/clavulanate (Augmentin®) and ticarcillin/clavulanate (Timentin®) was tested against 351 strict anaerobic clinical isolates collected from September 1993 to April 1994 in eight Belgian university hospitals and compared with that of 8 other antibiotics using the NCCLS reference agar dilution procedure. Production of (J-lactamase was detected by the nitrocefin test in 48% of the isolates. At NCCLS-recommended breakpoints, more than 90% of isolates were susceptible to amoxycillin/clavulanate, ticarcillin/clavulanate, piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem, chloramphenicol and metronidazole but only 77%, 72% and 48% to cefoxitin, clindamycin and penicillin, respectively. In comparison with the results of a similar survey conducted in 1987, no major changes in susceptibility were observed except for the susceptibility to clindamycin that declined from 83% to 72% overall, and from 83% to 66% in theB.fragilisgroup. Furthermore one isolate ofClostridium clostridioformewas found to produce (5-lactamase and a fewB. fragilisgroup isolates showed reduced susceptibility to metronidazole.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1996.11718489

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummarySignificant developments in our understanding of the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease have been obtained in the recent years. Diagnostic criteria, based on clinical data, have been proposed and have been validated by clinico-pathological correlations. Some neuroimaging techniques and laboratory tests (e.g. dosage in the cerebrospinal fluid) are promising diagnostic avenues. Genetic mutations associated with familial cases of the disease have been identified and the involved genes localized on chromosome 1, 14 or 21. The apolipoprotein E genotype has been discovered to affect the risk of developing the disease, i.e. homozygotes for the apolipoprotein E4 allele are much more prone to develop Alzheimer’s disease. The definitive diagnosis of the disease still relies on the demonstration of characteristic neuropathological lesions, i.e. neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques, whose numbers are correlated with the severity of the dementia. Other lesions include neuronal and synaptic loss, amyloid angiopathy, and severe decrease in the level of cortical acetylcholine. Neurofibrillary tangles have been found to be composed of the microtubuleassociated protein tau, in a highly phosphorylated state. The accumulation of these phosphorylated tau proteins is thought to be associated to disturbances of intracellular transport of molecules and organelles in affected neurones, leading to cell dysfunction and death. An inbalance in the activities of selected protein kinases and phosphatases is also thought to generate these highly phosphorylated tau species. The major component of senile plaques is the A4/βamyloid peptide, generated by proteolysis of the amyloid peptide precursor, a transmembrane protein. When aggregated into amyloid fibrils, the A4/βamyloid peptide is thought to be neurotoxic. An abnormal metabolism of the amyloid peptide precursor is often considered as a central physiopathological mechanism of the disease. Although many pharmacological treatments of the disease have been investigated, they have not yet led to sustained and major clinical improvements.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1996.11718490

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryPartial congenital absence of the left pericardium is a rare abnormality which may provoke serious complications. We report the case of a young adult, suffering from chest pain due to incarceration of atrial tissue. Based on this case report the clinical, pathophysiological and diagnostic features of this condition are described.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1996.11718491

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryWe present an unusual observation of actinomycosis involving muscles of the back and probably of one thigh in a patient with pulmonary lesions. The patient was alcoholic and a heavy smoker and his teeth were in very poor repair. Opportunity is taken to review the literature on the rare cases of muscular actinomycosis.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1996.11718492

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryAscaris lumbricoides is the most common intestinal parasite to infect humans. The incidence of ascariasis is increasing in our regions, due to world travel and population migration. In one third of cases, the worm can enter the bile duct and cause cholangitis or biliary colics. Diagnosis and treatment of ascariasis are discussed. Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreaticography (ERCP) with endoscopic extraction of the worm, using a Dormia basket, is a safe and effective procedure for the diagnosis and treatment of biliary ascariasis. This technique serves as an effective alternative for surgery.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1996.11718493

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryThree cases of AIDS complicated byRhodococcus equiinfection are reported. At least one of the patients acquired hisRhodococcusinfection in Africa. Despite the fact that theR. equistrains were susceptible to tetracycline, erythromycin, amikacin, co-trimoxazole, rifampicin and vancomycin, these antibiotics were clinically not successful. A clinical improvement was observed in only one patient during teicoplanin and imipenem-cilastatin treatment. Multicentre clinical trials are needed to determine the optimal treatment ofR. equiinfections in AIDS patients.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1996.11718494

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryGranulocytic sarcoma or chloroma is defined as an extramedullar solid tumor, composed of granulocytic precursor cells at various levels of differentiation. Granulocytic sarcoma is mostly associated with acute and chronic leukemia, rarely with polycythemia vera and myelofibrosis. The use of special immunohistochemical stains is mandatory, because this tumor is often misdiagnosed as malignant lymphoma.We report two cases of granulocytic sarcoma (tonsil and ovary) associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia. We describe the first reported association of atypical CML and granulocytic sarcoma.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1996.11718495

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryTwo corticosteroid-treated patients with cutaneous cryptococcal infection are described. One patient had pustulous lesions on the back of his left hand and cellulitis of his left forearm, the other patient had ulcerous lesions of the right forearm and cellulitis of the right lower leg. In both cases diagnosis was suggested by histopathological examination of a biopsy and confirmed by culture. One patient may have had disseminated cryptococcal disease as suggested by a positive cryptococcal capsular antigen test, the other had no evidence of dissemination. Treatment consisted of oral fluconazole for six weeks. One patient died of an unrelated cause after four weeks treatment. Secondary antifungal prophylaxis was not given.Cutaneous cryptococcal infections are described in AIDS patients, but only seldom observed in other immunocompromised patients. Early recognition of the cutaneous lesions is important, as they can be the first sign of disseminated cryptococcosis. Untreated, the mortality of this disease is high. Therapy consists of amphotericin B with or without flucytosine. Fluconazole may be a valuable alternative . The optimal treatment regimen and duration arc not defined yet. Contrary to AIDS patients with cryptococcal infection, who need life-long secondary antifungal prophylaxis in order to prevent relapses, suppressive treatment is not indicated for immunocompromised non-AIDS patients.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1996.11718496

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1996.11718497

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor