ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1975.11716966

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1975.11716967

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryIt appears from this Q.C. survey that automatic cel counting generally gives good results for erythrocytes, but somewhat less good results for white blood cells.Thrombocytic numeration however, gives unreliable and uncomparable results in a Q.C. survey, regardless of the method used, because of the extreme sensitivity of the platelets to a number of external factors, such as temperature, transportation, etc.As far as morphological examination is concerned it appears that many observers pay too little attention to morphological abnormalities of the erythrocytes.The results with blood group serology point to some difficulties with Rh-factor determination.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1975.11716968

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryResults of the Belgian proficiency surveys (1971–1973) for clinical chemistry labs are reported. The specific position of this external type of quality control is analyzed. Special attention is given to the detection of systematic factors that could interfere with the introduction of a uniform medical record.A new procedure is described for displaying results grouped according to methods. The difference between the main methods in actual use is of the systematic type rather than a difference in precision.The Youden approach to collaborative tests has been elaborated and generalized by the introduction of correla-tion as an expression of the incidence of systematic factors. The shape of the contour encompassing 95% of the Youden couples, defines a target area often very different from the circular surface expected with uncorrelated results.The participating laboratories, as a group, appeared to work from the beginning according to the current state of the art. Improvement is only possible if basic changes in methods or in calibration are introduced. This suggests a broadening of the activities of the Belgian Society for Quality Control.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1975.11716969

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryIn April 1972, the (Belgian) Association for the Quality in clinical Biology has launched a proficiency testing program in the area of microbiology. At present 105 laboratories adhere to this program, and 88% of them participate actively at the different trials. The trials are organised at trimestrial intervals and each comprises the identification of three pure cultures and the determination of their susceptibility to 10 antibiotics. After each survey a detailed report is sent to the participants, giving the results of the identifications and the antibiotic susceptibility tests (performed according to Bauer-Kirby) together with a statistical and anonymous assessment of the overall performance of the participating laboratories. The report also contains recommendations on suitable identification techniques.The results of the 9 trials carried out during a period of 24 months, are represented in a series of tables. The choice of the cultures, submitted for identification, is briefly discussed. Important discrepancies in the results of susceptibility tests demonstrate the need for a standardised national reference technique and the necessity for regular inclusion of control-organisms with known sensitivity. In spite of certain criticisms and shortcomings, the program was wellcomed by most laboratories. Not only does it stimulate the emulation among laboratory technicians, but it also creates the need for a system of day-to-day quality control monitoring. Its didactic role has been highly appreciated. An expansion of the program to include clinical serology is now under way.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1975.11716970

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryThe application of the immunofluorescence technique with anti-immunoglobulin antisera to washed cell suspensions of the lymphoid organs has been highly successful, not only for diagnostic purposes, but also for the classification of a number of lymphoreticular malignancies. Furthermore, the results have contributed substantially to our knowledge of the physiology of the immune system.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1975.11716971

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryOne of the essential requisites of the treatment of catabolism inducing diseases is the maintenance of an adequate nutritional status. When this cannot be achieved by the usual means (normal or forcible feeding), it is necessary to have recourse to parenteral nutrition. An adequate supply of nitrogen, ions, water and calories can either totally replace or complete the feeding and restore a satisfactory nutritional equilibrium, even in cases of cachectic diseases.The nutritional program must comply with the following criteria:1. The caloric needs of the patient, which can be considerable, have to be met: an average of 2,500 to 4,000 calories per day including 12 to 20 gm nitrogen.2. At least 10% of this amount must be given as carbohydrates.3. The nitrogen is supplied by protein hydrolysate or synthetic amino-acid perfusions. The optimal proportions between all the amino-acids (essentials and non essentials) must be accurately kept to. In order to achieve the best protein anabolism, 150 to 300 calories should be given per gm of nitrogen perfused. This may be achieved by associating carbohydrates with the protein perfusions and by simultaneous perfusion of a lipid emulsion or of a concentrated glucose preparation.4. Two to three gm lipids per kilo per day should be administered. Some lipid emulsions are well tolerated (soya oil emulsified by egg yolk phosphatides) and make a considerable caloric contribution possible.5. The needs of water and ions have to be adapted to each individual case. Vitamins are an essential part of prolonged parenteral nutrition.Parenteral nutrition is frequently indicated. It is practically inocuous. However, care is needed when administering lipid emulsions to hepatic patients.It is to be noted that the high caloric lipid emulsions or protein containing solutions at present available in Belgium are not those generally indicated.The introduction into our country of soya oil emulsions as well as new protein solutions better balanced in the relative proportions of the different amino-acids as well as in their nitrogen-caloric ratio will be a notable step forward in what has been hitherto a neglected aspect of the treatment: the maintenance of the patient in optimal nutritional status.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1975.11716972

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1975.11716973

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1975.11716974

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1975.11716975

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor