ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1963.11717118

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1963.11717120

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryThis study was carried on 88 hospital patients in whom aSalmonellawas isolated from stools (78 cases), from blood (28 cases), from urine (4 cases) or from other media (7 cases). The different groups ofSalmonellaefound were: A (1 case), B (52 cases), C (22 cases), D (12 cases, including 10 ofS. typhosa), E (1 case). As in other countries, we see thus in Belgium a decrease in the number of cases of typhoid fever, largely compensated by an important increase of otherSalmonellainfections.This group of 88 patients is not representative of the adult population of the country, and certaiidy does not reflect the exact incidence of salmonellosis in Brussels. The mean age of the group was 52,9 years. Generally, the admission to hospital was due either to social reasons or to seriousness of the disease. The proportion of patients free from any previous affection (cancers, digestive or cardiac diseases, diabetes, etc.) was only 40%.Gastrectomized patients seem particularly sensitive toSalmonella. They constituted 18 % of our series.The four common clinical forms of salmonellosis were encountered : 1) acute gastroenteritis (73 %), 2) septicemia (19 %)3) focal infections (2 %) and 4) asymptomatic form (6 % Usually, infections caused byS. typhosawere characterized by fever without severe digestive disorders, those caused bySalmonellaeof C group by a gastroenteritis without fever and those due to bacilli from A, B and D (exceptS. typhosa)groups by a febrile gastroenteritis.In most cases, and even in the septicemic forms, the blood leukocyte count and the sedimentation rate were only moderately increased, sometimes normal. In one third of the cases, blood urea was higher than 1 g/L.In the 10 cases of typhoid fever, chloramphenicol proved very effective. On the other hand, in the gastrointestinal form of salmonellosis, stool cultures did not become negative in 22 % of the cases, after administration of chloramphenicol. This observation confirms the poor efficacity of antibiotics in this form of salmonellosis.On the total of 88 patients, 13 died. This high rate of mortality seems to be due 1) to their great age, 2) to the high incidence of associated chronic diseases.The autopsy of the 13 deceased (1 typhoid and 12 paratyphoid) did not show the different lesions considered as characteristic of typhoid fever.Concluding this analysis of cases of salmonellosis observed in hospitals, two facts appear striking : the great number of gastrectomized subjects and the importance of the mortality in our series. The first observation should incite physicians to ask more often a stool culture for gastrectomized patients, suffering from diarrhea. The high mortality observed in this group of necessarily selected patients underlines that aSalmonellainfection, usually mild, can be the fatal complication of an associated chronic disease.The great importance taken by salmonellosis in our country should incite the public health authorites to organize an efficient service of detection and control of this type of infection.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1963.11717121

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryIn the pediatric clinic of Ghent University, during a period from May 1956 till December 1961, Salmonella’s have been isolated from the stools of 315 children, including 192 infants.Altogether, 25 different types have been identified; more than 50 % of them belonged to the serologic group B with predominantlyS. typhimurium.No definite influence of the season has been noticed.Most of the children came from cities and towns in the Flanders; 62%came straight from home, 25 % were contaminated in the hospital and 13 % came from the obstetrical wards. Also among nursing Staff, there were healthy and sick carriers.In some of the cases, contamination by infected food was very likely.The 315 children with positive coprocultures included 46 carriers; the other 269 presented different clinical symptoms, mainly gastro-intestinal disturbances. The course of these cases was more or less serious. We were impressed by the chronic course in 20 children. In 16 others, the infection was not limited to the intestines but spread to the meninges, middle ear, urinary tract, and probably to the lungs.About 30 children had no diarrhea during their infection. Among them were 6 children with a thyphoid syndrome; 2 had a generalized salmonellosis with fatal outcome; 3 infants presented vomiting as main symptom; 1 girl had an urinary tract salmonella infection; finally, a group of 8 children had several nonspecific symptoms.The mortality reached 5,2 % and was highest in the very young infants. Whenever an antibiotic was necessary, chloramphenicol was administered (50 mg per kilogram daily) during an average period of 8 days, in combination with myco- statine 500.000 U. per day.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1963.11717122

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryDuring an epidemy of acute gastro-enteritis in a limited number of hospital staff, 3 different strains of Salmonella were isolated from the stools : once aS. typhi, twice aS. bovis morbificansand four times a S.typhimurium. Therefore it seems to the authors that the Salmonellae may be present throughout the country in an endemic fashion.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1963.11717123

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryOf 89 patients, admitted with salmonellosis into Brussels University Hospitals during 1956-1961 period, 25 had uraemia above 1 g/L. Mean age of uraemic patients was 65. Among these patients, none had typhoid fever, 24 showed the enterogastric form. More than 50 per cent of the patients were admitted in shock. Oliguria, haemoconcentration, hyponatraemia, hypokalaemia and acidosis were frequent findings. Water and salt loss secondary to vomiting and diarrhea appeared to be the main aetiologic factor of renal failure.Prognosis of uraemia was affected by age, chronic underlying illnesses, and severity of renal failure, which was more accurately assessed by the duration of oliguria and the level of plasma creatinine than by the degree of uraemia. Eight patients died.Renal failure inSalmonellagastroenteritis could have been prevented by early and adequate water and salt replacement. Once kidney insufficiency was established, chloramphenicol could enhance bleeding associated with uraemia, and favour staphylococcic or mycotic infestations.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1963.11717124

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryThe correlation between the results of the sensitivity tests performedin vitroand the true activity of the antibioticsin vivocan be established only if numerous factors arc considered. These factors, such as absorption, binding to plasma proteins and excretion, are reviewed. The kinetic of the bactericidal activity of the treated patients should be measured in the blood.These measurements are indicated in patients with absorptive disturbances. Performed in some 40 individuals, they demonstrated significant bactericidal activity for I.M. penicillin, streptomycin, methicillin, kanamycin, irregularly with peroral erythromycin; chloramphenicol and tetracylines were bacteriostatic. Gross discrepancies were found with amphicillin, staphylomycin and fucidin.

ISSN:1784-3286    

DOI:10.1080/17843286.1963.11717125

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1963

数据来源: Taylor