摘要:

The results of a numerical analysis of single laterally loaded piles embedded in cohesionless soils, taking soil yielding into account, are presented. The analysis is intended to serve as an independent alternative to the well-knownp–ymethod. The input parameters for the soil are the angle of internal friction and a parameter characterizing the increase in soil stiffness with depth, here assumed to be linear. A parametric study shows that soil yielding significantly increases the maximum pile bending moments and lateral displacements. Equations suitable for routine design applications are presented and the ease with which these can be applied in practice is demonstrated by an illustrative example. Good agreement between the theoretical results and data from published case histories attests to the validity of the method.Key words: analysis, angle of friction, cohesionless, deformation, design, failure, foundations, piles, lateral, loads.

ISSN:0008-3674    

DOI:10.1139/t87-034

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1987

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The tunnel described in this paper was hand-excavated through Upper Cretaceous clay shale and temporarily supported by steel ribs and spruce laggings. A cast-in-place concrete lining was installed for permanent support. Tunnel wall convergences and support stresses and strains were monitored for more than 100 days. In addition to the field instrumentation,in situpressuremeter tests and laboratory triaxial tests on specimens taken from a block sample were performed to determine the rock mass properties. These properties were used to interpret (by finite element analysis) the measured tunnel wall deformations. In general, the short-term rock properties determined from laboratory testing agreed well with the observedin situbehaviour. The long-term response was, however, difficult to predict from laboratory measurements and this was further investigated by application of the convergence–confinement method. It was found that the equivalent, long-term modulus of the rock mass decreased with time to between 50 and 70% of the short-term modulus. The deformation rates decreased significantly after 70–100 days and the support load levelled off accordingly.Key words: tunnel, monitoring, clay shale, temporary support.

ISSN:0008-3674    

DOI:10.1139/t87-035

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1987

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

This paper presents a 15-year record of consolidation settlements under an earth embankment where maximum settlements have exceeded 3 m since 1971. The rate of settlement was greatly accelerated by the use of sand drains under areas of maximum load. During construction, pore pressures in the subsoil were monitored and used to control the rate of loading, which had to be decreased to avoid failure. Settlements were underestimated and stability was overestimated on the basis of laboratory and field tests. Consolidation characteristics measured in the laboratory are compared with those calculated from field observations.Key words: settlements, consolidation, embankment, pore-water pressures, monitoring,in situ.

ISSN:0008-3674    

DOI:10.1139/t87-036

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1987

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The coaxial viscometer can be used to extend the measurement of the shear resistance of a soil below the range of applicability of the fall cone and other standard geotechnical methods. The factors affecting the relationship between yield stress determined by the viscometer and remoulded shear strength determined by the fall cone are such that the correlation must be separately determined for each soil material. Approaches to determining this correlation, for quick clays and other soils, are proposed.Key words: sensitive clays, yield stress, shear strength, rheology.

ISSN:0008-3674    

DOI:10.1139/t87-037

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1987

数据来源: NRC

ISSN:0008-3674    

DOI:10.1139/t87-038

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1987

数据来源: NRC

ISSN:0008-3674    

DOI:10.1139/t87-039

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1987

数据来源: NRC

ISSN:0008-3674    

DOI:10.1139/t87-041

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1987

数据来源: NRC

ISSN:0008-3674    

DOI:10.1139/t87-042

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1987

数据来源: NRC