摘要:

Chronic renal failure was induced in 3-month-old male rats by 5/6 nephrectomy. Potency and fertility studies were performed after 3 months of chronic uremia. The mean serum testosterone at the end of the experiments was significantly lower: 0.96±0.14 ng/mL compared to a control group of sham-operated male rats, 2.86±0.59 ng/mL,p<. 001. All the uremic male rats had normal accessory gland weights at the end of the study. Fertility and, in most animals, sexual behavior and mating were not different from the normal control group. It is concluded that in 5/6-nephrectomized uremic male rats, in spite of low testosterone level, fertility and reproductive system are maintained similar to normal control male rats.

ISSN:0886-022X    

DOI:10.3109/08860229309046143

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Investigations were done in 10- and 55-day-old Wistar rats. Glutathione (GSH) level in kidney was decreased by 8 mmol buthionine sulfoximine (BSO)I100 g BW. There was no effect on the renal function and nephrotoxicity of cisplatin (0.6 mg CPI100 g BW) in adult rats. In young rats BSO treatment was followed by neph-rotoxic effects. Pt concentration remained unaffected by BSO in young and adult rats. GSH concentration in kidney was increased by 100 mg acetyl-cysteine (ac-cys)/100 g BW. CP nephrotoxicity was lower in young as well as in adult ac-cys-treated rats. Pt levels in renal tissue were significantly decreased in rats from both age groups. From our results we conclude that the beneficial effect of high GSH concentration in renal tissue on CP nephrotoxicity is the result of decreased Pt concentration in kidney.

ISSN:0886-022X    

DOI:10.3109/08860229309046144

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Renal scars have been thought to occur only in later stages of chronic pyelonephritis. In our experimental pyelonephritis model, bacteria with mannose-sensitive (MS) pili on its surface promoted renal scarring when inoculated into renal parenchyma. Pretreatment with recombinant human granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (rhGCSF) inhibited the renal scarring which followed inoculation with MS-piHated bacteria, whereas posttreatment at an early stage of infection had no effect on renal scarring. These findings suggest that rhGCSF may be useful for the prevention of infection without increasing the tissue damage to the renal parenchyma which leads to the renal scarring. Even when rhGCSF is used for treatment of kidney infection, it does not promote increased renal scarring through the increased invasion of leukocytes at the inflammatory site.

ISSN:0886-022X    

DOI:10.3109/08860229309046145

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Albumin; andα1-,α2-,β-, andγ-globulins were estimated by cellulose acetate electrophoresis in the serum and urine from rats with nephrotic syndrome (NS), 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, and 30 days after a single injection of puromycin amino-nucleoside (PAN). It was found that: (a) total serum protein level decreased on days 4–16, and total urine protein excretion rose on days 6–16; (b) serum albumin level fell on days 4–16, and urine albumin excretion increased on days 6–16; (c) serumα1-globulin level rose on days 8–30, and urineα1-globulin excretion increased on days 8–16; (d) serumα2-globulin level remained essentially unchanged, and urineα2-globulin excretion rose on days 4–10; (e) serumβ-globulin level decreased on days 4–20, and urineβ-globulin excretion increased on days 6–16, (f) serum y-globulin level diminished on days 6, 8, and 12, and urineγ-globulin excretion rose on days 6–10. All serum protein fractions were excreted in the urine of nephrotic rats; these findings suggest that proteinuria is nonselective. The differences observed in the serum protein profiles, even when all protein fractions were lost in the urine, suggest an independent regulation of each protein fraction in PAN-nephrotic rats. In addition, the electrophoretic profile of serum proteins in PAN-nephrotic rats is different from previously reported patterns in human nephrosis and in rats with an acute-phase response.

ISSN:0886-022X    

DOI:10.3109/08860229309046146

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The changes in renal function and renal platinum content were assessed in uninephrectomized and sham-operated female Wistar rats on the third day after treatment with 2.5 mg/kg BW or 5 mglkg BW cisplatin. Treatment of control and nephrectomized rats with 2.5 mglkg BW cisplatin resulted in indices of renal function which were not significantly different from those of animals which had received no cisplatin, though the renal platinum contents in nephrectomized rats were practically the same as in two-kidney animals given 5 mglkg BW cisplatin. Treatment with 5 mglkg cisplatin resulted in much less severe changes in kidney weight and renal function compared to two-kidney animals, in spite of much more substantial (by 49–58%) platinum accumulation.

ISSN:0886-022X    

DOI:10.3109/08860229309046147

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This study was designed to investigate the influence of intracellular ionized calcium ([Ca2+]i) on the induction of c-fos, c-jun, c-myc, and hsp70 genes after ox-idant stress induced by xanthinelxanthine oxidase (X/XOD) treatment or after heat shock using primary cultures of rat proximal tubule epithelium (PTE). X/XOD (500μM/25 mU/mL) induced all of these genes; ionomycin also resulted in similar kinetics of induction of all genes. The expression of both c-fos following X/XOD treatment and hsp70 following heat shock was markedly decreased through che-lation of [Ca2+]iby Quin 21AM. The c-fos expression following X/XOD treatment was partly reduced by a protein kinase C inhibitor, staurosporine (ST), and markedly inhibited by another protein kinase inhibitor, 2-aminopurine (2AP), while both ST and 2AP markedly reduced hsp70 expression. The ADP-ribosylation transferase inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide had on effect on either c-fos or hsp70 expression. These results suggest that cell injuries leading to increased [Ca2+]iin PTE result in induction of c-fos, c-jun, c-myc, and hsp70; and that the activation of c-fos and hsp70 genes may be regulated by [Ca2+]iand [Ca2+]i-dependent protein kinases.

ISSN:0886-022X    

DOI:10.3109/08860229309046148

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Thyroid hormone profiles were determined in two groups of dogs mode uremic, either by i.v. uranyl nitrate 10 mg/kg BW injection or by bilateral ureteral ligation, and in one group of sham-operated animals. Each group consisted of 6 dogs and served as its own control. From blood samples taken in 12-h intervals up to 144 h for uranyl nitrate-injected dogs and 96 h for operated dogs, serum levels of T4, T3, fT4, fT3, rT3, and cortisol were measured by radioimmunoassays. The results obtained in both groups of uremic dogs showed an initial sharp fall of T4, T3, fT4, and fT3followed by a plateau or retarded decrease. In sham-operated dogs the fall of these hormones was slight and of short duration. Reverse T3had a tendency to increase in all groups examined, but a significant elevation was recorded only after bilateral ureteral ligation. In this group cortisol serum levels were found the highest, being also significantly increased in the other two groups. The temporal coincidence of the most marked alterations in T3, rT3, and cortisol serum concentrations indicates a significant role of stress in thyroid dysfunction. Although serum creatinine rise and weight loss were not parallel with thyroid hormone alterations, the involvement of uremic compounds and malnutrition in this process is also quite clear. Thus, the data presented suggest simultaneous influences of uremic toxins, stress, and malnutrition on the induction of thyroid dysfunction in dogs made uremic by uranyl nitrate injection or bilateral ureteral ligation. Certain different features in defined thyroid hormone profile are probably related to the intensity of factors realized through the methods used and variate with the time elapsed from the onset of acute renal failure.

ISSN:0886-022X    

DOI:10.3109/08860229309046149

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Pentoxifylline (PTX) has potential usefulness in HIV-seropositive patients due to its beneficial effects on renal function, its inhibitory effects on tumor necrosis factor alpha, and its vascular effects on microcirculatory disturbances. The present study prospectively evaluated the effects of multiple oral doses of PTX (400 mg three times daily for 12 weeks) on renal function in 11 HIV-seropositive patients compared with 14 control patients. Four of these patients had HIV-associated nephr-opathy, manifested by high urinary microalbumin outputs (72±56μg/min; mean±SD). Ambulatory 24-h urine collections were analyzed for creatinine, electrolytes, and immunological markers at weekly intervals for 12 weeks. Urine flow rates diminished to one-half baseline values by week 12; changes were related to both time and treatment sequences. There were significant decreases in creatinine clearances and electrolyte excretion rates over the study period that were not associated with treatment regimens. No differences were found in fractional electrolyte, uric acid, microalbumin, and neopterin excretion rates either between or within groups. One subject with high microalbumin excretion rates had a significant drop over the 12 weeks (133 to 4μg/min); the other 3 subjects had similar or elevated microalbumin outputs by the end of the study. Although well tolerated, therapeutic doses of PTX did not significantly affect renal function in HIV-seropositive patients.

ISSN:0886-022X    

DOI:10.3109/08860229309046150

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Lp(a) is an LDL-like lipoprotein carrying the apoprotein(a) glycoprotein and has recently been recognized to be an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease. We studied plasma Lp(a) levels in 40 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (24 male, 16 female; aged 16–83 years). Fasting plasma Lp(d) levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The median value of plasma Lp(a) concentrations in hemodialysis patients was significantly higher than that of the normal volunteers (26.0±2.7 vs. 10.8±3.7 mgldL, p<. 05). Lp(a) levels did not correlate with age, duration of hemodialysis, total cholesterol, tri-glyceride, HDL cholesterol, or LDL cholesterol. The 11 patients whose plasma Lp(a) concentrations exceeded 20 mgldL received niceritrol, a prodrug ofnicotinic acid, at a dosage of 500 mg t.i.d. for 4 weeks. The plasma Lp(a) levels were significantly lower after 4 weeks of treatment (38.3±4.2 vs. 31.5±3.2 mgldL, p<. 01).

ISSN:0886-022X    

DOI:10.3109/08860229309046151

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Renal tubular function was evaluated in nine patients undergoing recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL2) treatment for metastatic colorectal carcinoma. A lithium clearance technique was used and the activities of the lysosomal enzyme N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase were also measured in the patients' urine, before treatment, during treatment, and then 2 days and 23 days after rIL2 therapy had finished. Significant reductions in clearances of creatinine, sodium, and lithium were observed. The fractional excretions of sodium and lithium were also reduced. Twenty-three days following cessation of rIL2 treatment, there was still a significant reduction in creatinine clearance compared with pretreatment values (p<. 01). The clearances of sodium and lithium were also reduced compared with pretreatment values although this did not achieve significance. The fractional reabsorption of sodium and water by the proximal nephron increased during rIL2 treatment, from 0.707±0.030 (pretreatment) to 0.793±0.043. This increased reabsorption of sodium and water persisted, rising to 0.849±0.029, 2 days following cessation of treatment (p<. 001, means±SEM). Twenty-three days later this had returned toward the pretreatment value, being 0.781±0.036. The fractional reabsorption of sodium by the distal nephron was also significantly elevated, both during and 2 days after completing rIL2 treatment. Twenty-three days after cessation of rIL2, this value had returned to the pretreatment value. However, in contrast, the fractional reabsorp-tion of water by the distal nephron demonstrated no change during rIL2 treatment, but 2 days posttreatment was significantly reduced and remained low for a further 3 weeks.

ISSN:0886-022X    

DOI:10.3109/08860229309046152

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor