摘要:

Employing graceful analogies and trenchant phrases Mrs. Fisher protests the senselessness of leaving the selection of vocation to chance instead of to intelligent direction. Individuals must be helped into vocations for which they are best adapted. It is not easy to recognize intellectual and character differences between people. It takes a good human brain, sound, well‐informed and trained in a technique of which only the beginnings exist. Our fathers' was a negative victory over the obstacles of prejudice, caste lives, and tradition which formerly shut people out from suitable work. Ours must be a positive victory over the ignorance of our individual selves—ignorance which will be dispelled only by serious, responsible, pioneer research w

ISSN:2164-5833    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-5884.1933.tb00113.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1933

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

For many years Mr. Williams has, at intervals, donned his old overalls and toiled (and chatted) in factory, mine and quarry with the forgotten man. More recently he has “bummed” among the unemployed. His story of work attitudes grows out of a more intimate contact than any school teacher, or counselor, is likely to have. His conclusions are, therefore, significant. Nothing is truer or more significant than the huge superiority the greasy machine operator enjoys over the poor shovel wrestler, a superiority not necessarily measured by the size of the pay envelope, but rather by the job's responsibility, amount of skill and training required, chance of contact with the public—dozens of details. Motivation in the school might well take a pointer from the lure of the esteems observed to reward the gainer of the job‐level next above. The desire to possess the rung just above in the alluring ladder of job‐standings accounts for a large total of skills and proficiencies. Yet, most important of all, is the fact that the greetings of the market place are more likely to be based upon contribution to the social environment. The prospective worker, still in school, might be convinced that the greatest joy of living is the joy of individual worthwhileness, that effectiveness and usefulness of work depend upon proficiency and character, and that the world of men is fairly well organized to distribute its goods and its praise to him who demonstrates that “in the handiwork of his craft is

ISSN:2164-5833    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-5884.1933.tb00114.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1933

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It is a commonplace to say that “America” is no longer a frontier country. In the large it is unquestionably true. Throughout the depression, however, President Morgan has held to the belief (and has acted upon that belief) that there are many undiscovered frontiers within the economic complex. New occupations can be found and made; new opportunities in old occupations are waiting to be seized. The Editors of Occupations have asked Dr. Morgan to take us on a voyage of discovery and exploration. In this article, the first of a series by the man whom President Roosevelt has chosen to head the work of developing Muscle Shoals, he tells of the possibilities of one new profession and of uncanvassed opportunities in an old one.Managing public utilities can be transformed from a badly run political fob into a civically directed and efficiently conducted profession. One can prepare by combining work and study; he can start small—as a meter‐reader perhaps—and advance. The profession can attain the dignity of the superintendent of schools, but research and cooperation are necessary. Were these organized not only would present publicly owned utility systems employ trained managers, but more communities would establish such systems in the belief that they would be efficiently managed.It has been often suggested that the doctor can find great opportunities in rural districts. Dr. Morgan, wasting between planes in a mountain region, conducted a brief telephone research. He learned that there are such opportunities and he speculates upon how they may be grasped by present or future p

ISSN:2164-5833    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-5884.1933.tb00115.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1933

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Here is described a project in adult guidance which has met with unusual success and which is being duplicated in many of the larger centers of unemployment. Two purposes are kept constantly in mind: to raise the general morale of unemployed young men, and to develop the ability to help themselves. Nearly 500 persons have gone through this process of exploration, testing, counseling, and study during the past six months, resulting in many cases of satisfactory occupational readjustment. The average age of the group is twenty‐three years; twenty‐four per cent are college graduates, sixty per cent unemployed longer than six months, fifty‐one per cent with superior intelli

ISSN:2164-5833    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-5884.1933.tb00116.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1933

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The programs of vocational education and guidance are being scrutinized as never before. During the development of the past twenty‐five years nothing was examined with too great care, but the status of these activities during the next quarter century depends upon the vision used in planning ahead. The future will see fewer boys and girls at work. This will call for higher compulsory school age, longer school life, and a decidedly different offering. We do not need more of the present type of education, but education of a type which gives more attention to individual differences and the evolving economic and social order.In planning the future, careful consideration should be given to the following: (1) research in occupational requirements, sociological trends, and causes of unemployment; (2) spirit of cooperation among all educational groups; and (3) elevation of standards for vocational teachers and counselor

ISSN:2164-5833    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-5884.1933.tb00117.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1933

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:2164-5833    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-5884.1933.tb00118.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1933

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Of all the needs in the field of guidance, authentic occupational information is probably the most urgent at this time. When occupations are evolving so rapidly, and many becoming passé almost over night, we must have constant study and follow‐up. Another definite need is the coordination of guidance agencies, to the end that duplication be eliminated and that good material be made available to all. Occupational information is necessary for the student endeavoring to find himself occupationally, but it should be studied by everybody from a cultural standpoint. College students study the great literatures, better to enable them to join others in cooperative refinement of society; why not study occupations from the same point of view? During 1917–18 “War Aims” courses were given to young men who were of service age; what about occupational courses now for those entering the serious business of earning a living?If there is extensive subject matter important for the conduct of human life, let classes be organized for teaching it, and put these classes alongside other subjects in the school and college cur

ISSN:2164-5833    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-5884.1933.tb00119.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1933

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This is a preliminary statement regarding the study of the measurable results of guidance programs. The study covers 5,000 students in ten cities. Comparing one eleventh‐grade guided group with another eleventh‐grade unguided group, no difference was found in the number making a vocational choice. One real difference was found in that the average I. Q. of those from the guided group choosing the professions was 117.5, while the average of those from the unguided group was 104.2. The measurement of actual occupational information, however, showed no significant differe

ISSN:2164-5833    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-5884.1933.tb00120.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1933

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:2164-5833    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-5884.1933.tb00121.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1933

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:2164-5833    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-5884.1933.tb00122.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1933

数据来源: WILEY