摘要:

SummaryE prostaglandins are formed in seminal vesicles and can be oxygenated by (ω‐1)‐hydroxylation catalysed by cytochrome P450 to 19(R)‐hydroxy metabolites. The latter are not further metabolized. Prostaglandin E1(PGE1), PGE2, 19‐hydroxy‐PGE1and 19‐hydroxy‐PGE2were measured in seminal fluid of 95 men, who attended the clinic for infertility. After extractive isolation, the E prostaglandins were converted to B prostaglandins by alkali treatment and analysed by high performance liquid chromatography on β‐cyclodextrin silica with 17‐phenyl‐PGE2as an internal standard. The relative amount of 19‐hydroxy E‐prostaglandins varied between 26% and 97%. Most (86%) of the men were classified as rapid or normal hydroxylators with PGE/19‐hydroxy PGE ratios below 0.75, while 14% were slow hydroxylators. The relative amount of 19‐hydroxy E1and 19‐hydroxy E2showed a 96% covariation, which supports that a common enzymatic mechanism is operating on both E1and E2prostaglandins and that this mechanism is the major determinant for formation of 19‐hydroxy compounds. We conclude that the relative amounts of PGE1, PGE2, 19‐hydroxy‐PGE1and 19‐hydroxy‐PGE2in seminal fluid vary, possibly due to polymorphic expression of this enzymatic mechanism. Total output of 19‐hydroxy‐PGE compounds, but not the primary PGE compounds was correlated with the output of seminal fructose, supporting that the 19‐hydroxy prostaglandins are the normal end products of the seminal vesicles. Low sperm concentration found among men with high output of E prostaglandins could here simply be explained by dilution of spermatozoa by a high output of seminal vesicular fluid. Rapid and slow hydroxylators revealed no difference in time of abstinence or in total output of E prostaglandins, sperm number, semen volume or total output of fluid from the seminal vesicles and prostate. The physiological significance of the variation in seminal E prostaglandins and

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1995.tb01075.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryLectin‐binding glycoconjugates present on the surface of spermatozoa are believed to play a crucial role in sperm maturation, capacitation, acrosome reaction, or sperm‐egg interaction. We have studied ConA‐binding surface proteins on spermatozoa from different mammalian species. First, ConA‐binding proteins were isolated from boar spermatozoa by affinity chromatography. ConA‐binding ability was confirmed by Enzyme‐linked Lectin assay (ELLA). Monoclonal (MAb436/10) and polyclonal antibodies were raised against chromatography fractions containing purified ConA‐binding proteins of boar spermatozoa. MAb436/10 (IgG2a) recognizes a 40 kD ConA‐binding antigen. Indirect immunofluorescence on fixed and unfixed boar spermatozoa with MAb436/10 indicated a plasma membrane localization of antigen 436/10 in the acrosomal macrodomain. Interspecies cross‐reactivity with MAb436/10 was found by whole cell ELISA and immunocytochemistry. MAb436/10 cross‐reacted with human, horse, guinea‐pig, bull, and ram spermatozoa in both assays. Expression of ConA‐binding antigen 436/10 on guinea pig sperm surface was detectable during spermiogenesis and in early stages of sperm maturation. Change of regionalization of the antigen did not occur during the epididymal passage. ConA‐binding antigen 436/10 was also detectable in testis and caudal segments of the epididymis. These findings suggest that ConA‐binding proteins located in the acrosomal region are highly conserved through evolution as well as in sperm maturation indicating an important role for th

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1995.tb01076.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe effect of human follicular fluid (hFF) on the cholesterol and phospholipid content and the movement characteristics of human spermatozoa were studied. Semen was selected by a discontinuous Percoll gradient and incubated duringin vitrocapacitating conditions with B2 medium supplemented with hFF 20%. Percoll pelleted spermatozoa were incubated in either B2 (B2‐Percoll) or B2 supplemented with hFF (hFF‐Percoll). In hFF‐Percoll, we observed a time‐dependent (24 h) decrease in both the cholesterol and phospholipid contents (cholesterol: 10.1 vs. 8.7 nmol 10‐7spermatozoa; phospholipids: 17.5 vs. 15.7 nmol 10‐7spermatozoa,P<0.05). This decrease in cholesterol and phospholipids in human spermatozoa was concomitant with a high straight line velocity, a high progressive motility percentage and an increased value of lateral head displacement without any significant alteration of the spermatozoal membrane. No modification of the cholesterol: phospholipid ratio after 2 and 24 h of incubation in either B2‐Percoll (0.61, 0.54) in hFF‐Percoll (0.59, 0.63) was observed when compared with original control semen. It is suggested that the decrease in cholesterol and phospholipids in hFF‐Percoll may be taken into account for the changes of membrane modification as part of the cap

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1995.tb01077.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe testicular function of 47 men who had been treated by MOPP chemotherapy for a Hodgkin's disease was studied in a long‐term survey. Azoospermia was constant during at least 14 months after completion of the treatment. After a follow‐up period of 89.4 ± 54.7 months, 26 men were still azoospermic. No correlation could be found between the therapeutic regimen and the results of semen analysis. For the same treatment, some men recovered spermatogenesis within 5 years, others after more than 10 years while some were still azoospermic after 20 years. However, the association of infra‐diaphragmatic irradiation to high dose MOPP therapy had a profound detrimental effect on spermatogenesis: only 3/13 men recovered. Sperm recovery was often incomplete: 17/21 men had a sperm count below 20 million ml‐1. Yet, spontaneous pregnancies were obtained with severe oligozoospermia: only 1/11 sperm counts performed close to fertilization exceeded 20 million ml‐1, and 8 were below 5 millions ml‐1. FSH failed to be either a sensitive or a specific marker of sperm recovery, a discrepancy between FSH level and spermiogram being noticed in 18

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1995.tb01078.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTesticular tissue from mature male Sprague‐Dawley rats was maintained in culture at 33 °C or 37 °C. Detergent‐extracted proteins were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) followed by staining or fluorography. Unilateral surgical cryptorchidism was performed as anin vivomodel for testicular exposure to abdominal temperature. Testes were harvested at various time points, followed by protein analysis as performed forin vitrostudies. Tissue incubatedin vitrofor 48 h at 37 °C demonstrated loss of a prominent actively synthesized 95 kD protein (p95) seen at 33 °C. No other temperature‐dependent protein changes were observed. Liver, kidney, spleen and thymus failed to reveal p95 or any other temperature‐sensitive proteins when incubated at 33 °C and 37 °C. Surgical cryptorchidism resulted in loss of p95 by 1 week in abdominal testes and normal p95 expression in sham‐operated scrotal testes. p95 appears to be a temperature‐sensitive protein in rat testis, with increased degradation accounting for its loss at abdominal temperature. The failure to identify similar protein changes in other tissues suggests a role for p95 in the temperature‐dependent fun

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1995.tb01079.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryStudy of sperm motility is associated to the development of precise and economical systems of evaluation. The purpose of this work was to develop an Objective Semi‐Automated Method (MOSA) to evaluate the sperm motility. Human semen samples were registered by video‐microscopy. The same videofilms were analysed with the MOSA, the subjective method and the automated CellSoft® method. The percentages of motile and immotile sperms were equivalent with the three methods. The percentages of rapidly and slowly motile sperms were similar both with the MOSA and the subjective method. The curvilinear and linear velocities as well as the linearity values obtained with the MOSA were different to those obtained with the CellSoft®, although such differences would be biologically acceptable. MOSA is an inexpensive, objective and precise method that does not require trained technicians and allows evaluation of several parameters of sperm mot

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1995.tb01080.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySelective chemical sympathectomy of the internal sex organs of prepubertal to mature male Wistar rats was performed by chronic treatment with low doses of guanethidine. Plasma testosterone and luteinizing hormone and the intratesticular level of testosterone were determined. The weight and fructose content of seminal vesicle and ventral prostate were also investigated. The results showed that sympathetic innervation is related to the control of the hypophyseal‐testicular axis as well as to the growth and potential secretory activity of the male sex accessory gland

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1995.tb01081.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:G. Arentewicz, G. Schmidt (Hrsg.):Sexuell gestörte Beziehungen.J. Baltzer, H. Mickan:Gynäkologie—ein kurzgefaßtes Lehrbuch.M. Grillo:Experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Einfluß von Escherichia coli und Ureaplasma urealyticum auf die Fertilität.L. S. Neinstein:Issues in Reproductive Mana

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1995.tb01082.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY