摘要:

Summary.Varicoceles as a common cause of male infertility are treated either by surgical ligation or, more recently, by angiographic occlusion of the spermatic vein. In the present prospective randomized study 38 patients were treated by surgical ligation and 33 by angiographic embolization. During the 12‐month follow‐up period a significant increase in sperm number (at 3 and 12 months) and sperm motility (at 12 months) occurred in both groups while sperm morphology remained unaffected. Altogether, 22 pregnancies (31%) were reported within the year following treatment, of which 11/38 (29%) occurred in the ligation group and 11/33 (33%) in the embolization group. Thus both treatment modalities appear equivalent, whereby embolization has the advantage that it can be performed on an outpatient ba

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1993.tb02716.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1993.tb02717.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.It has been postulated that unilateral testicular torsion causes damage to the contralateral testis and reduces fertility. However, in animal studies such an effect has not been fully proven by histopathologic examination or other conventional assays of spermatogenesis. We investigated the effect of unilateral testicular torsion on contralateral spermatogenesis in prepubertal rats using quantitative flow cytometric DNA analysis. Male rats were divided into three groups which underwent sham‐operation, simple hemiorchiectomy or unilateral testicular torsion. Five weeks after these operations, fertility and spermatogenesis by flow cytometry were evaluated. No significant differences were observed in body weight, contralateral testicular weight or serum testosterone concentration among the three experimental groups. In the torsion group, mean seminiferous tubular diameter, number of foetuses, fertility rate and percentage of haploid cells were all significantly decreased compared to the other two groups. These results suggest that unilateral testicular torsion causes damage to the contralateral testis and consequently can reduce the future fertility of prepubertal rat

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1993.tb02718.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.The effect of repeated interruptions of the testicular blood flow on spermatogenesis was studied in mature Texel rams. Reversible interruption of the blood flow was achieved by an inflatable occluder, placed around the testicular artery at the level of the spermatic cord. In eight testes the blood flow was successfully interrupted six times for 1 h within 3 weeks and in 14 testes nine times for 1 h within 3 weeks. Nine weeks after the last blood flow interruption spermatogenesis was evaluated in histological sections of the testes. Both after six and nine blood flow interruptions a qualitatively complete epithelium was found in at least 90% of the seminiferous tubules. Cell counts in stages VII and VIII of the spermatogenic cycle revealed a slight decrease of spermatocytes and spermatids in the tubules with a complete epithelium after nine occlusions, which was only statistically significant for Preleptotene Spermatocytes. After six occlusions the numbers of all cell types were at or even slightly above control levels. These results show that repeated periods of ischaemia for 1 h do not result in conspicious long‐term damage to spermatogenesi

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1993.tb02719.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1993.tb02720.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Temporary interruption of the testicular blood flow for 1 h after injection of cytostatic drugs has a protective effect on spermatogenesis. This was shown in experiments in which spermatogenesis was evaluated at four weeks after a single intravenous injection of AdriblastinaR(ADR; doxorubicine hydrochloride) or Mitomycin‐C‐kyowaR(MIT). Interruption of the blood flow was performed by inflation of an occluder implanted around the testicular artery.The animals were killed and histological sections prepared 4 weeks after treatment. In all drug‐treated animals spermatids were near absence and spermatocytes were decreased in number. Therefore, even after occlusion of the blood flow, the drug doses were high enough to kill not only large numbers of differentiating spermatogonia but also stem cells.The response of the stem cells to the treatments was evaluated by counting the numbers of A spermatogonia per 100 Sertoli cells in the different groups. Normal numbers of these cells were found after both MIT and ADR, indicating that the stem cell population had responded to the initial cell loss by extra proliferation. However, significantly higher numbers of A spermatogonia were found in the drug‐treated animals in which the testicular blood flow was interrupted for 1 h. This indicates that occlusion of the blood flow to the testis for 1 h results in a faster recovery of spermatogenesis than after drug treatmen

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1993.tb02721.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.A number of neuroendocrine and neuronal markers were demonstrated in Leydig cells of the testes of 18 men aged between 20 and 81 years. Tissue sections were divided into five groups, i.e. carcinoma of the prostate (control cases;n= 4), seminoma (n= 8), anti‐androgen therapy (n= 3), oestradiol therapy (n= 2) and cryptorchidism (n= 1). The following substances were immunocytochemically tested: the monoamine synthesizing enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase, aromatic L‐amino acid decarboxylase, dopamine‐β‐hydroxylase and phenylethanolamine‐N‐methyltransferase, the indolamine serotonin, the calcium‐binding proteins parvalbumin, calbindin and S‐100 protein, the microtubule associated protein‐2, as well as neurofilament protein 200, synaptophysin, neuron specific enolase, substance P and chromogranin A + B. All these substances were found in Leydig cells of all sections independently of the pathological changes of the testes. Compared with the control cases, all the other groups showed a significantly weaker immunore‐activity for all markers. The uniformity of staining among the different antibodies allows the deduction that these neuroactive peptides may belong to a basic equipment of Leydig cells probably stabilizing their function in an autocrine manner. On the other hand, Leydig cells themselves seem to be a stable structural component of the testis, which are not essentially involved in the pathogenesis of the disturba

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1993.tb02722.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.The serial semithin sections of the testes of perfused rats (age: 25–41 postnatal days) were evaluated microscopically on each alternative day for the morphology of spermatogenetic cells and especially for spermatid differentiation. The histochemical reaction for non‐specific esterases, 3α‐hydroxysteroid‐dehydrogenase (HSDH), 3β‐HSDH, 11bT‐HSDH, 17β‐HSDH were performed in cryostat sections of corresponding rat testes (age: 25–55 days).Eight different types of germ cell associations (designated as A—H) appeared from day 25 to day 41. Seven steps of differentiation of spermatids were characterized. The turning point of spermatid maturation was observed on day 35. Prior to this day, mainly spermatids step 1 were identified. On day 35 spermatids steps 1–5 were present. The reactions of non‐specific esterases, 3β‐HSDH, 17β‐HSDH and 3α‐HSDH were observed in the Leydig cells of all testes. Only from day 35 onwards could 11β‐HSDH be demonstrated.The temporal sequence of the differentiation of spermatids and the appearance of histochemical activity of 11β‐HSDH in the Leydig cells seem to be closely correlated. An additional observation concerning the presence of germ cell debris was made in the seminiferous tubules during the postnatal development. Large amounts o

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1993.tb02723.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.A procedure was designed for purification of a human seminal plasma‐specific antigen (HSP‐antigen) identified by a monoclonal antibody produced in this laboratory (mAb 4E6). Pooled human seminal plasma was fractionated by consecutively applied methods: affinity chroma‐tography on Lentil lectin sepharose, gel chromatography on Ultrogel AcA 34 and immunoaffinity on mAb 4E6 coupled CNBr‐Spharose 4B. The antigen‐containing fraction obtained after this procedure was proved to be homogeneous when analysed by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel. After the consecutive purification procedures the degree of purification was 128 times as compared to the starting material. Electrophoretic analysis of the purified 4E6 antigen under reducing conditions showed that it consisted of 3 polypeptide subunits with molecular weight 70 kDa, 64 kDa and 60 kDa respectively. On the basis of the data obtained from competitiveelisatesting of sera from infertile patients it has been suggested that the identified antigen may be involved in pathogenesis of immunologic in

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1993.tb02724.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Human seminal plasma contains a component that binds immunoglobulins (Ig). The Ig binding factor was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation, preparative isoelectro‐focusing and gel filtration chromatography and found to bind strongly human IgGl and mouse IgM. This seminal plasma component may possess immunosuppressive activity and may modulate the activities of the immunosurveillance system of the reproductive trac

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1993.tb02725.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY