摘要:

ABSTRACT:Since the early 1970s, Baltimore has been heralded as a model of how declining, older U.S. cities can be revitalized Baltimore's economic development strategy has hinged on the creation of a “good business climate”; the linchpin of the strategy has been the redevelopment of downtown into the “corporate center” of a new Baltimore economy based on advanced services and tourism. Despite the favorable publicity accorded Baltimore's transformation, systematic analysis of social and economic trends suggests that corporate center‐business climate redevelopment has done little to boost aggregate levels of prosperity in the city. Moreover, the Baltimore strategy has generated uneven patterns of growth and exacerbated urban dualism Baltimore has become “two cities”: a city of developers, suburban professionals, and “back‐to‐the‐city gentry who have ridden the downtown revival to handsome profits, good jobs, and conspicuous consumption; and a city of impoverished blacks and displaced manufacturing workers, who continue to suffer from shrinking economic opportunities, declining public services, and neighborhood distress. The article explores three main reasons for these results: (1) business domination of Baltimore's public‐private “partnership,” (2) the absence of explicit mechanisms linking downtown redevelopment to the revitalization of low‐ and moderate‐income neighborhoods, and (3) the inherent pitfalls of building an urban economy on downtown‐centered corporate services and tourism. The article concludes by briefly examining the implications of the Baltimore case for the general problem of how to generate equitable, sustainable economic

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1987.tb00468.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:This article is written as a rejoinder to Marc V. Levine's article, “Downtown Redevelopment as an Urban Growth Strategy: A Critical Appraisal of the Baltimore Renaissance

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1987.tb00469.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:This article is written as a response to Bernard L Berkowitz's rejoinder appearing in the Journal of Urban Affairs, 9(2):125–132, to the author's article “Downtown Redevelopment as an Urban Growth Strategy: A Critical Appraisal of the Baltimore Renaissance,” appearing in the Journal of Urban Affairs, 9(2): 10

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1987.tb00470.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Developed in the private sector, strategic planning is rapidly being applied to cities. This article describes public sector strategic planning, places it in the history of urban planning and evaluates its goal orientation and effectiveness. Strategic planning is shown to be closely related to rational‐comprehensive planning; as such, it is open to the same types of criticisms that have been leveled at rational planning reforms. At the same time, strategic planning is differentiated from traditional rational planning by its focus on future environmental trends. While external trends are important, the article concludes that they are rarely decisive for local policy making. Claiming to be a technique that can be used to support any goals, in practice, strategic planning often biases the planning agenda in favor of economic growth over other goals, such as redistribution of wealth or democratic participation. Strategic planning focuses on the effects of policies and is not concerned with the process of decision making; the values of democratic participation and checks and balances lie outside of the techniques of strategic planning. The article concludes that strategic planning is not wrong—simply incomplete. Strategic planning has a place, albeit a limited place, in democratic decision mak

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1987.tb00471.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Although the proposal was initially and unsuccessfully raised at the national level every year since 1980,30 states have come to adopt their own version of an enterprise zone system. This article reports the results of a 1985 mailed survey of the chief administrative officers of the state enterprise zone programs, analyzing how these officials: (1) rated the types of objectives that states have established for their programs, (2) evaluated the complexion of the political coalitions that led to the design of their programs, (3) described the degree of innovativeness and prior experience embodied within their state's initiative, and (4) characterized the nature of state level intervention into local government zone packages, and state intentions toward altering local public‐private sector economic relationships through the use of their programs. The article concludes that the states are at it again—experimenting, adapting, sometimes disagreeing, but in particular innovating with a timely policy is

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1987.tb00472.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The total merger of police and fire services into a public safety department represents a radical restructuring of service delivery and often involves political risks. This article illustrates how a collection of mathematical models can be used by a city official to project the impact of a merger on emergency service performance and cost in his or her locale prior to actual implementation. The technical description of the models is documented elsewhere. Rather, the presentation focuses on the information that these models can provide a city official confronting this politically risky decision. As an illustration a specific city in Michigan is analyzed and several performance trade‐offs associated with a merger are highlighted. The cost analysis discussion is structured to indicate how certain key management decisions affect whether or not a merger will save money. The article concludes with a discussion of some of the political barriers to a merge

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1987.tb00473.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:D.N. Rothblatt and D.J. Garr, Suburbia: An International AssessmentM. Castels (ed.), High Technology, Space and SocietyR.B. Potter, Urbanisation and Planning in the Third World.D. Varady, Neighborhood Upgrading: A Realistic Assessment.M.A. Stegman, Housing Finance and Public Policy: Cases and Supplementary Readings

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1987.tb00474.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1987.tb00475.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY