摘要:

Two policies of the Reagan administration threaten the traditional role of cities both as basic elements in the nation's governing structure and as socio‐economic communities. The long‐standing belief that an important criterion for judging both public and private action is its contribution to the welfare of the city has been abandoned. Under what may be called the New Privatism the existence or creation of any community is now primarily justified by its capacity to serve the locational needs of private firms in a technology‐driven national market. To continue Federal development aid to economically declining cities would contribute to inefficiency in the national spatial economy and cannot be justified. The Reagan version of the New Federalism calls for devolving greater power to the state and local levels. For cities, the opposite effect is more likely. The ending or reduction of most federal programs relating to cities and their residents has put many cities in a double bind. They must choose between using scarce local resources to compete with other communities to lure or hold job‐generating firms and attempting to meet the needs of large numbers of their citizens who formerly received federal social and welfare aid. Further, much of the national money which is still available for economic development and social needs is now administered by state governments under block grants. States have seldom been responsive to such needs in urban areas. If our assessment of the negative effects of these policies on the viability of cities as governing units is correct, then the question that must be addressed is: what is to replace local government as the primary means for citizens to act collectively below the stat

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1981.tb00013.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article reports on a survey research project undertaken in South Bend, Indiana that attempted to determine if housing services provided by the city were delivered to those who needed them and if they were distributed equitably. With the implementation of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, decisions affecting the delivery of housing services shifted from a federal to a local political framework. The study showed that South Bend was able to successfully satisfy both federal program requirements and demands generated by important political constituencies, but it was not able to ensure that the housing services were delivered equitably to all residents.

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1981.tb00014.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Children are an important part of urban life. Although the birthrate is declining, there are still a large number of children living in cities. But we have devoted little effort to designing our cities to take children's needs into account. This paper presents a four‐part research agenda. This agenda would provide the sort of information that decision makers need to create urban environments that foster the growth of childre

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1981.tb00015.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

With cutbacks in local service delivery budgets, attention has focused on how best to maintain current levels of services without increases in taxation. One alternative focuses on the concept of coproduction‐where citizens provide factor inputs to the production of services. This paper analyzes the concept of coproduction, arguing it has a valuable role not only as an alternative production mode, but as a participatory behavio

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1981.tb00016.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

While much attention has been given to local government reform over the years, the focus has been on campaigns to influence voters and the substantive recommendations made by local government commissions. Relatively little research has been conducted on the charter‐writing process.In this paper the findings of an exploratory study on the relationship of charter commission members' personal goals to their governmental change preferences are presented. To aid in organizing and analyzing data, a theoretical framework was developed. The framework was useful in explaining and predicting members' general preferences regarding government changes and in analyzing the reasons for their preferences. In addition, variables affecting individual and group dynamics are discussed relative to the impact of these variables on the attainment of a member's personal goals and structural change preference

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1981.tb00017.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper presents a multiple incentive system framework for analyzing and planning social program implementation. A distinction is made between intra‐organizational and inter‐organizational implementation problems. The necessity for an analytic model to lake into account these two implementation contexts is stressed. The major components of the multiple incentive system framework are described using the implementation of a referral system in a county welfare department to show how this approach is useful in analyzing the intra‐organizational social program implementation. The impact of organizational and environmental factors such as poverty, uncertainty and goal dispenses are also discussed. The article concludes with a brief description of an implementation planning model based on the theoretical fram

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1981.tb00018.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY