摘要:

This review is based upon a series of lectures given to the Materials Science and Technology Division of Argonne National Laboratory. The lectures were intended to provide an introduction to lattice gauge theory for scientists who had little or no background in elementary particle physics. Lattice gauge theory incorporates many of the ideas of high energy and condensed matter physics, and is therefore particularly well-suited to a multidisciplinary approach. Perhaps this review may help in closing the perceived gap between these fields.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518508210743

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Recent progress in a theory of the development of neural networks and their application to visual cortex is discussed. We find, that under proper assumptions, distributed memories display some of the features of animal memory. We discuss a mechanism, consistent with known neurophysiology, by which these memories develop and modify with experience. This mechanism is applied to the problem of the development of orientation selectivity and ocular dominance in visual cortex. The proposed mechanism of synaptic evolution is based upon the competition of incoming patterns rather than converging afferents. It is found that neurons develop maximal selectivity with respect to their signal environment, and under a variety of rearing conditions develop orientation tuning curves and ocular dominance comparable to that found in experiment. Finally, we describe a model first-order anatomy of visual cortex in which we implement this form of synaptic modification.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518508210744

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper describes linear and co-operative phenomena based on the dynamics of the trajectories of swimming cells. The swimming direction of algal cells can be guided so as to focus the cells into a concentrated beam. This directed locomotion, or taxis, results from the orientation of the cells' axes by compensating gravitational and viscous torques. It is named gyrotaxis because of this origin. The effect can be used to concentrate cells and to separate them from each other on the basis of their shape and behaviour. The spontaneous generation and maintenance of coherent structures, plumes and regular spatial arrays of cell concentration and fluid convection, are demonstrated and discussed in the context of dynamic cooperative processes exhibited by other physical systems.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518508210745

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518508210746

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518508210747

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The Physics of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon II.Topics in Applied Physics, Vol. 56. Edited by J. D. Joannopoulos and G. Lucovsky. (Springer-Verlag, 1984.) [Pp. XIII + 360.] US $44.00, DM 118; Scope: Treatise. Level: Specialist post-graduate.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518508210748

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518508210749

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor