摘要:

Cosmic rays, studied for over 80 years, still remain elusive: their origins, properties and especially acceleration mechanisms are reviewed.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107519408222090

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

When diatomic and triatomic molecules are exposed to subpicosecond laser pulses (focused intensities well in excess of 1014W cm−2; wavelengths of the order 600 nm), they are highly ionized. The laser electric fields are so large that they compete with, and in some cases exceed, the internal fields binding the valence electrons. The result is that conventional perturbation theory is inapplicable and one has to resort to alternative approaches. A simple starting point is the field ionization, Coulomb explosion model. This model is partially successful in explaining the ionization and subsequent fragmentation of the heavy molecule, I2, exposed to short (sub-100 fs) laser pulses, but even here the fine details are not understood. The dynamics of the fragmentation of the lighter molecules such as N2and CO are not understood at all; one complication is that the time scales of dissociation and stepwise ionization overlap. In the case of the simplest molecular ion, H+2, there has been some progress, leading to the tentative conclusion that bond softening and laser-induced bound states will be important ingredients of a successful theory of multielectron dissociative ionization.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107519408222091

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

All optical techniques for position measurement and localization of moving atoms have been developed recently, which achieve suboptical wavelength precision. These techniques, which we refer to as‘atom imaging', are based on new methods of resonance imaging. The attainable accuracy ultimately will scale to the uncertainty principle limit, yielding nanometre spatial resolution for single moving atoms. Diverse applications include fundamental studies of Bose and Fermi statistics and direct-writing neutral-atom lithography.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107519408222092

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Molecular clouds contain most of the mass of gas in interstellar space and are the source of matter from which new stars are formed. The clouds can be studied by means of the radio emission in rotational transitions of the molecules that they contain. We describe the chemical routes by which these molecules are formed, and their ultimate incorporation into icy mantles frozen onto dust grains. The role that chemistry plays in tracing and controlling processes in star-forming regions and in near-stellar environments is briefly indicated.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107519408222093

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A review ofParticle Accelerator Physics. By Helmut Wiedemann, (Springer Verlag, Berlin 1993) [445 pp] DM98.00 (hbk), ISBN 3-540-56550-7. Scope: textbook. Level: postgraduate. And ofThe Principles of Circular Accelerators and Storage Rings. By P. J. Bryant and K. Johnsen (Cambridge, 1993) [xxv + 357 pp] US$100.00 (hbk), ISBN 0-521-35578-8. Scope: textbook. Level: postgraduate

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107519408222094

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A reviewofConceptual Astronomy. By M. Zeilik. 1993, £24.94 (pbk), pp. xiv + 427. John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 0 47 1 50996 5. Scope: text. Level: undergraduate and general reader.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107519408222095

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Algebraic Approaches to Nuclear Structure. Interacting Boson and Permion ModelsBy R. F. Casten, P. O. Lipas, D. D. Warner, T. Otsuka, K. Heyde and J. P. Draayer. Edited by R. F. Casten 1993, £48·00, US$88·00 (hbk), £20·00, US$38·00 (pbk), pp. xv + 554. Harwood Academic, ISBN 3 7186 0537 6. Scope: multi-author review. Level: specialist.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107519408222096

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107519408222097

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor