摘要:

For many decades, the lamellar liquid crystal phases with the general label ‘smectic’ were considered to be quite mysterious. However, developments in theories of melting in two dimensions have led to the introduction of the concept of fluids with bond orientational (hexatic) order. Application of these concepts to liquid crystals leads to a natural Classification of the smectic phases. Simultaneous with these theoretical developments, synchrotron X-ray studies of free-standing liquid crystal films have provided new, incisive experimental information in two and three dimensions which has confirmed the basic model. This in turn has led, through concepts adopted from renormalization group theories of multicritical phenomena in magnets, to a detailed model for the growth of two-dimensional and three-dimensional smectic liquid crystals having bond orientational order.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518908213772

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Emission spectra recorded during thermoluminescence provide a fuller understanding of defect properties. Also, as detailed changes in spectra occur with dose, dose rate and thermal treatments, knowledge of emission spectra will make even simple radiation dosimetry, as well as applications such as archaeological and geological dating, more reliable.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518908213773

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

It is now possible to construct laboratory-scale lasers with pulsed powers of the order of 1012W. When pulses of these powers are focused, the resulting intensity is sufficient to produce electric fields which are greater than the Coulomb field of valence electrons in atoms. The interaction between these intense fields and atoms is discussed briefly.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518908213774

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Dose limits for exposure to ionising radiation are assessed to see if they give sufficient protection both for the occupationally exposed and for the general public. It is concluded that current limits give a level of safety that satisfies the necessary criteria in the light of present knowledge and further reductions would be unlikely to improve standards of safety.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518908213775

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518908213776

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Highlights in gravitation and cosmology.Edited by B. R. Iyer, Ajit Kembhavi, Jayant V. Narlikar and C. V. Vishveshwara. 1989, £35.00, pp. xviii + 441. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0 521 36125 7. Scope: Conference Proceedings. Level: Postgraduate.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518908213777

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518908213778

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518908213779

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor