摘要:

A brief review is given of experiments on semiconductors at high pressure, using the diamond-anvil cell. Experimental techniques are discussed first, with emphasis on the reasons why they have revolutionized high-pressure science. Then, examples of experimental results are given, including X-ray diffraction (equation of state, structural phase transitions, metastable phases), Raman and Brillouin spectroscopy (lattice-mode frequencies), photoluminescence spectroscopy (electronic and defect energies), resistivity and galvanomagnetic effects (scattering mechanisms and electronic transitions). These examples are taken from Si, GaAs, InP and solid H2.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518708213742

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The electron transport properties (resistivity, Hall coefficient and thermopower) of nonmagnetic metallic glasses of high resistivity are compared with what would be expected on the basis of conventional Boltzmann theory. The thermopower is found to be enhanced at low temperatures because of electron-phonon interaction. In some transition-metal alloys, the Hall coefficient is found to be positive; this is believed to arise from ‘anomalous dispersion’ of the conduction electrons because of s-d hybridization. In order to explain some anomalies of the resistivity and magneto-resistance, weak localization and interaction effects have to be invoked. These involve interference effects that arise when the conduction electrons suffer multiple elastic scattering in their diffusive path through the alloy. The physics behind these effects is outlined.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518708213743

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Parallelism is an intrinsic feature of many physical systems. The design of high-performance computers is increasingly making use of this concept by employing many processors working co-operatively to carry out a single computation. Consequently, the computer simulation of physical systems can rather naturally exploit the latest computer architectures to test theoretical models and to make measurements that are inaccessible to real experiments. In this article we review the design and use of parallel computers. In a subsequent article we will describe how they have been used to obtain insight into some fundamental problems in physics.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518708213744

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518708213745

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Three Degrees Above Zero. Bell Laboratories in the Information Age.By Jeremy Bernstein. (Cambridge University Press, 1987.) [Pp. xiii+241.] £17.50. ISBN 0521 32983 3. Scope: Textbook. Level: General reader.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518708213746

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518708213747

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107518708213748

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor