摘要:

In this article the physical processes taking place when an ion beam interacts with the surface of a solid are considered. The processes of Rutherford swttering, nuclear reaction, X-ray and Auger electron emission are discussed and their potential for surface studies is assessed. In the second half of the paper are discussed a series of examples which utilize one or more of the ion—crystal interaction phenomena described above in order to bring out the advantages and limitations of the techniques.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107517508210810

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A brief survey is given of the most important observational features of pulsars, and of some of the theoretical conclusions drawn from these data. We also discuss briefly the implications of the discovery of a binary pulsar.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107517508210811

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Whispering galleries are curved chambers in which the sound at one point can be heard with incredible clarity at some other point. The elementary theory of whispering galleries is explained and used to describe seismic and ionospheric wave propagation.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107517508210812

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Developments in basic physics are commonly related to advances in technology and in measurement techniques. Sometimes new methods of measurement open up new branches of knowledge end at other times the new techniques follow. One example is the development of high-power frequency tunable dye-lasers which has permitted the selective excitation of atoms and molecules and the recording of absorption spectra from excited states. With the extension of tunable lasers into the ultraviolet these new spectroscopic techniques can be applied to a wide range of transitions. The recent advances in direct time measurements in the picosecond range provide a second example. These have been made possible by the availability of intense ultra-short pulses of light from mode-locked lasers. It is thus now possible to investigate on a picosecond time-scale the interactions of light with matter. The present state of the art in both of these fields is reviewed with particular reference to electron optical streak-camera measurements and to experiments employing frequency-tunable, picosecond pulses from mode-locked dye lasers. Applications considered include compression of matter to very high densities and temperatures, for thermonuclear fusion, and photo-chemistry.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107517508210813

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Practical problems in spectroradiometry are beginning to overtax the traditional techniques for establishing standard spectral power distributions based on the use of one or other of the four optical radiation scales: theOptical Pyrometer Scale, theColor Temperature Scale, thePhotometric Intensity Scaleand theRadiometric Scale. Proposals are therefore being made for changes in this existing system of scales which, because of their long historical development, tend to have an independent status in practice although they are clearly interlinked in theory. Each of these four scales is described separately and then the experimental evidence for their internal consistency is discussed.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107517508210814

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The Special Theory of Relativity. By H. Muirhead. (Macmillan, 1973.) [Pp. ix + 163.] £3.95. Scope: Textbook. Level: Undergraduate.

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107517508210815

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0010-7514    

DOI:10.1080/00107517508210816

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1975

数据来源: Taylor