摘要:

Résumé.L'auteur donne les résultats de deux années d'essais à propos des ressemis. Au cours des premiers essais réalisés en cultures adultes dans des conditions normales en 1961–62, quelques produits ont donné de bons résultats; c'étaient le chlorpropham, le dichlobénil, la simazine et certaines autres triazines. L'année suivante le dichlobénil a de nouveau permis un bon désherbage sans jamais léser gravement les plantes‐mÈres; souvent insuffisante, l'action de la prométryne a été extrêmement irréguliÈre; dans quelques cas la simazine et le chlorpropham ont quasiment anéanti la culture; bien qu'il soit assez efficace contre quelques graminées adventices annuelles, le diuron ne présente aucun intérêt dans les plantations françaises de graminées fourragÈres. Quelques essais de rendement confirment les notations visuelles q

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1965.tb00356.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Chemical sprays were used as alternatives to cutting for the post‐harvest defoliation of strawberry plants. Rapid desiccation of the foliage was obtained with dinoseb, sodium monochloroacetate, magnesium chlorate and sulphuric acid but the use of these chemicals normally resulted in lower yields than those obtained by mechanical defoliation. The reductions in yield appeared to be due to the less vigorous growth of the plants rather than to a lower level of inflorescence initiation.L'utilisation de produits chimiques pour la défoliation après récolte des frai

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1965.tb00357.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Cereal crops were grown at Jealott's Hill in 1962 and 1963 without cultivations, following the use, before drilling, of paraquat to kill unwanted vegetation. This investigation was extended with a series of trials at outside centres. Three trials with winter wheat were drilled in the autumn of 1963, two into pasture and one into stubble. Three barley trials were drilled into stubble in spring 1964.All the autumn trials and one spring trial compared direct‐drilling with normal cultivations at two levels of nitrogen. The other two spring trials compared rates and times of application of paraquat without any plough comparison.Individual trials showed significant yield differences between direct‐drilling and ploughing, but there was no consistent advantage in favour of either technique.Spraying in advance of drilling generally resulted in similar yields to spraying and drilling on the same day. Winter wheat drilled into pastures showed some retardation of spring growth when spraying and drilling had been carried out on the same day.When averaged over times of application, yields after spraying paraquat at 2 lb/ac were significantly higher than after 1 lb/ac.In the trials where two levels of nitrogen were included crops responded to an increase from 60 to 120 units nitrogen/ac as top dressing for winter wheat and from 60 to 90 units nitrogen/ac combine‐drilled for spring barley; the response was not always significant.Semis direct de céréales après application de

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1965.tb00358.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.The herbicidal activity of substituted benzonitriles was determined by a number of tests. This activity was compared with the structure of the molecules. It was found experimentally that benzonitriles, substituted at the 2 and 6 positions by halogen or methyl, had the highest activity. Some 2,6‐dichloro‐1‐substituted benzene derivatives showed a herbicidal activity, comparable with that of 2,6‐dichlorobenzonilrile. These compounds possessed a group which could be converted into a nitrilc group.La relation entre la structure ft l'activité herbicide des benzonitril‐es

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1965.tb00359.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySeeds of thirty‐five species of plants were germinated in soil to which varying amounts of 2,6‐dichlorobenzonitrile had been added and the doses reducing growth by 50% (GID50) were obtained. An attempt was made to find correlations between growth rates, seed weights and fat contents and the GID50values. There was no significant correlation with fat contents, but there was a significant correlation of increasing growth rate with increasing susceptibility and a negative correlation of seed size with susceptibility. Seed size was inversely related to growth rate so the extent to which either factor affects the sensitivity of the plants is uncertain. There was no significant difference between the mean sensitivities of monocotyledons and dicotyledons to 2,6‐dichlorobenzonitrile.Effet de quelques caractéristiques de semences sur la toxicité du 2,6‐dichlorobe

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1965.tb00360.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.The toxicity of thirty 2,6‐dichlorophenyl compounds to seven species of plant is recorded as log10dose in μg of compound per cm2of soil surface that reduces the growth of the young plants to 50% of controls during a 10‐day period (Growth Inhibition dosage 50% or GID50). The compounds are broken down in soil with the release of 2,6‐dichlorobenzonitrile; those that break down rapidly show a greater range of GID50values than those that break down slowly. This change in selectivity was found to be related to the relative fresh weight growth rates of the different species.Effet de la vitesse déformation du 2,6‐dichlorobenzonitrile sur sa toxicité pour les plantesRésumé.La toxicité de trente dérivés du 2,6‐dichlorobenzonitrile vis‐à‐vis de sept espèces de plantes est exprimée par le log10de la dose en μg de produit par cm2(Growth Inhibition Dosage 50% ou GID50) qui réduit de 50%, par rapport aux témoins, la croissance de jeunes plantes pendant une durée de 10 jours. Les produits son t décomposés clans le sol avec libération de 2,6‐dichlorobenzonitrile. Ceux qui sont décomposés rapidement montrent une plus grande variation de la GID50que ceux qui sont décomposés lentement. Cette variation dans la sélectivité est en relation avec les taux de croissance, exprimés en poids frais, des différentes espèces.Der Einfluss der Bildungsgeschivindigkeit von 2,6‐Dichlorbenzonitril auf seine Toxicität bei PflanzenZusammenfassung.Die Wirksamkeit von dreissig 2,13‐Dichlorphenylverbindungen gegenüber sieben verschiedenen Pflanzenarten wird als log10Dosis in μg der betreffenden Verbindung pro cm2Bodenoberfläche ausggedrückt. Dirser Giftgehalt reduziert das Wachstum der jungen Pflanzen zu 50% von dem der Versuchspflanzen in einer 10‐tägigen Zeitspanne (Growth Inhibition Dosage 50% oder GID50). Die Verbindungen werden im Boden abgebaut, indem 2,6‐Dichlorbenzonitril entweicht; die rasch abbaubaren Verbindungen zeigen einen grösseren Umfang von GID50Werten als diejenigen, die langsamer zersetzt werden. Man fand, dass dieser Wechsel in der Selektivität in Beziehung stand zu den relativen Fr

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1965.tb00361.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPlants ofPaspalum distichumL. with two stolons growing over water were treated separately with the sodium salt of 2,2‐dichloropropionic acid‐36C1 (dalapon), 3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole‐14C (amitrole) and 1,1′‐dimethyl‐4,4′‐dipyridylium dichloride‐14C (paraquat) at four different situations on one stolon. Autoradiographs showed that both the amitrole and dalapon label accumulated in the apices of the treated stolons and in some of the young shoots growing from the base of the plant. The14C from the paraquat label showed predominantly xylem translocating with no apical accumulation and little basal translocation. The results indicate that young basal shoots rely to some extent on assimilates from the mature stolons but that there is little transport between mature stolons.La migration et la distribution de trois Herbicides marqués d

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1965.tb00362.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1965.tb00363.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1965.tb00364.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1965.tb00365.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY