ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1968.tb01407.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Studies were conducted to determine the effects of herbicide placement at different zones of maize (Zea maysL.) and pea (Pisum sativwmL.) shoots below the soil surface after emergence. Soil was removed from around the shoots and replaced with herbicide‐treated soil. A wax barrier ensured separate exposure of the zones to treated soil. EPTC, chlorpropham, propham and sulfallate did not affect pea shoot growth, but in maize the shoot zone adjacent to the crown root node was extremely sensitive. Treatment in this area markedly reduced growth and severely inhibited the crown roots. The difference in susceptibility between these species may he due to the location of the growing point relative to the treated soil.Shoots of maize and pea were sensitive to diuron. In maize the shoot adjacent to the crown root node and the tissue of the first internode were the most susceptible. In pea the‐ uppermost shoot (beneath the soil surface) was the most sensitive. Trifluralin did not affect growth of maize and pea when placed in the shoot zone after emergence, although the crown roots of maize were severely inhibited. Naptalam, dalapon and 2,4‐D did not affect growth of maize under similar conditions, and of these only 2,4‐D reduced growth of pea.Zone d'abiorption des tiges pour les herbicides appliqués

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1968.tb01408.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.1.Echinochloa crus‐galliis a typical grass weed of root crops in warmer regions, germinating late and thus covering the soil at a late stage. It originates in central and east Asia and is now a weed of world‐wide importance.2. High temperatures are necessary for germination which begins in spring, but not before the soil temperature reaches 15° C. Minimum, optimum and maximum germination temperatures of 13° C, 20–30° C and 40° C were found in S.W. Germany.3. Seeds of E.crus‐galliare dormant during the first 3–4 months after harvest. Those developing relatively early in the growing season require rather longer for after‐ripening than seeds which mature later.4. For optimum germination, water saturation of the soil of 70–90% is required.5. Soil acidity has some influence, and there is an apparent germination optimum around neutrality. Light also induces germination.6. Seeds can emerge from a relatively wide range of depths. Greatest emergence and the strongest plants resulted from seeds at 2–6 cm, but even from 10 cm a high percentage of seedlings is likely to emerge.7. Further development proceeds rapidly. The first panicles arc already formed 6–7 weeks after emergence in favourable conditions, but full maturity is possible only if there are high temperatures in late summer.8.E. crus‐galliis a hygrophilous species, with best development on medium heavy soil, sandy loam or loamy sand with sufficient water supply.9.E. crus‐galliis indifferent to the lime content of the soil.10. Best development occurs with high fertility, and a rich supply of nitrogen is especially important.Recherches sur la biologie et écologie du panic Echinoc

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1968.tb01409.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Paraquat was applied to while, variegated and green leaves ofHibiscus rosa sinensisL. Visual observations and moisture loss determinations revealed that the rate of tissue kill by paraquat was reduced in while tissue. Evidence from paraquat absorption and concentration studies indicated that phytotoxic differences were not due to amount or rate of absorption or protoplasmic susceptibility, but to differences in chlorophyll Content of treated leaves. Desiccants such as dinoseb, not dependent upon chlorophyll for rapid action, were equally affective on white and green leaves. The same reduced activity of paraquat on white leaf tissue was demonstrated for other species.Phytotoxicité du paraquat appliqué sur les feuilles blanches ou vertes de l'hibiscus, du sorgho et de l'alpin

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1968.tb01410.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.The phytotoxicities in a number of soils of lenacil, linuron, prometryne and simazine to two indicator plants were determined in field and glasshouse experiments. The results were compared with estimates of the adsorption capacity of the soils obtained by two methods using dimethylaminobenzaldehyde as a model adsorbate. The possible influence of other soil properties was also considered.One of the adsorption measurements had some predictive value for glasshouse behaviour but was not markedly superior to soil organic carbon content for this purpose. None of the factors studied was usefully correlated with field performance. Results from field experiments in spring were poorly correlated with those from similar experiments in autumn. Neither set of field results related closely to those obtained in the glasshouse. It is concluded that the influence of climate was more important than that of soil type.La phytotoxiciti de quelquts herbicides dans des experiences en pots et en plein champ, en relation avec les propriétés du s

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1968.tb01411.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1968.tb01412.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1968.tb01413.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1968.tb01414.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1968.tb01415.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0043-1737    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1968.tb01416.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY