摘要:

The origin of pathologic anatomy may be traced to the earliest human record. The ancient Egyptians and Greeks had at least a slight conception of this subject. Pliny states that the kings of Egypt ordered the bodies of the dead opened so that physicians might find the diseases responsible for death. The writings of Aristotle and Hippocrates contain several passages which show that in their time human bodies were dissected. When the scepter of supremacy in medicine passed from the Greeks to the Arabians, dissection received but scant attention. The ancients, whether one refers to the illustrious East Indian or Arabian physicians, to Hippocrates himself or to Galen, had little if any conception of morbid changes in the body; but occasionally some historian has detected a flash of wisdom about pathology in their writings.Hippocrates recognized caput succedaneum and cephalhematoma. He described congenital malformations such as dislocations of the hip

ISSN:0096-6916    

DOI:10.1001/archpedi.1927.04130190008001

年代:1927

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

Several years ago, one of us1studied a group of children suffering from bronchial asthma, the cause of which was traced to rabbit hair. In none of these cases was it possible to obtain any hereditary evidence of protein sensitivity; the opinion was therefore expressed at that time that the sensitization had been acquired through the inhalation of dry dust resulting from the rabbit hair which was present in pillows, comfortables, toys, clothing and other articles.In order to prove this hypothesis, we felt it necessary to produce in an animal a state of protein sensitivity through the direct inhalation of a dry animal emanation, and, further, to reproduce the symptom-complex of bronchial asthma.MATERIALS AND METHODS USEDIn approaching this work, we were confronted with the following considerations: first, the choice of an animal in which this mechanism could be reproduced; second, the necessity of reproducing the entire

ISSN:0096-6916    

DOI:10.1001/archpedi.1927.04130190030002

年代:1927

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

The etiology of hemorrhage in the new-born, except in cases of hemorrhagic disease, is one of the puzzling problems of medicine. Whenever such hemorrhage occurs, trauma or syphilis is suspected, but frequently autopsy does not reveal either of these. In animals such causes are eliminated apriori. Hence, on discovering cerebral hemorrhage in young rats, it seemed expedient to make a biologic study of this subject.In our laboratory it has been found that certain synthetic diets containing a limited amount of vitamin B apparently are associated with hemorrhage, whereas stock diets are not. Female rats fed from the time of weaning on the minimum amount of vitamin B necessary for normal growth and conception, are unable usually to deliver and carry their young through the lactation period. None of the mothers have shown signs of avitaminosis unless excessive hemorrhage at delivery is considered an indication of this condition. Although

ISSN:0096-6916    

DOI:10.1001/archpedi.1927.04130190060003

年代:1927

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

Wahl,1in his paper on neuroblastoma in 1914, stated that it was possible to recognize this particular tumor much more readily than previously. This advance he attributed to the extensive investigation of the development of the sympathetic nervous system. The number of cases reported has increased considerably during the last few years; the literature contains detailed and exhaustive studies of the development of the sympathetic system, as well as descriptions of the macroscopic and histologic appearance of tumors which affect it. We believe, however, that the present report is justified because of the comparative rarity of the tumor under discussion.The diagnosis of "malignant neuroblastoma" is seldom made clinically. If we study the histories and records of the reported cases, as well as those of our own, we usually find the antemortem diagnosis of "sarcoma of the kidney" or "sarcoma of the liver." Pepper2and Hutchinson3have

ISSN:0096-6916    

DOI:10.1001/archpedi.1927.04130190068004

年代:1927

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

Evidence accumulated in many clinics by different observers has established beyond peradventure the existence of sickle cell anemia as a distinct clinical entity. Although the condition was first recognized by Herrick and reported as early as 1910,1the relatively high morbidity among negroes was not suspected prior to the reports of Huck2and Sydenstricker3in 1923. The latter found sickle cells in the blood of 0.6 per cent of a large number of negroes examined. More recently Cooley and Lee4examined all negroes admitted to their clinic during a period of ten months, 400 patients, and found sickle cells in 30 of them, that is, in 7.5 per cent. Such an unexpectedly high incidence should challenge one to a clearer knowledge and more ready recognition of this condition.Sickle cells are red blood corpuscles which have assumed unusual shapes through some influence, probably a perversion of

ISSN:0096-6916    

DOI:10.1001/archpedi.1927.04130190079005

年代:1927

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

As has been known for many years, more or less prolonged exposure to the violet and ultraviolet rays of the sun, and naturally to those artificially produced, may cause not only systemic disturbances but also inflammatory and degenerative changes in the skin, varying with the person. The harmful systemic effects have not been well understood, and I will not deal with them here, save to state that deaths of infants following short exposure to ultraviolet radiation have been reported.1From a cutaneous standpoint, persons with a mild or moderate susceptibility to light, and, as has been shown, to the rays of light in the violet end of the spectrum, are not uncommon; severe reactions, however, are rare. Yet it is important to recognize that under certain circumstances, to be noted presently, a potential susceptibility or an existent cutaneous disturbance due to light sensitization may be made decidedly worse by

ISSN:0096-6916    

DOI:10.1001/archpedi.1927.04130190088006

年代:1927

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

At the suggestion of our president, this meeting of the American Child Health Association is to consider:How far have we come? What have we accomplished? What is our next step?The all wise program committee has decided that a brief outline of child health work in the past would be a suitable background—a sort of dark gloomy curtain, as it were, to make our present activities stand out. I have been ordered to present the Gloom. One is apt to feel that it was only in the past, the dim past, that things were bad.I have nothing new to offer. Twice the subject has been presented before the ancestors of this association, in the form of a presidential address; in 1913, by the late Dr. Holt, and in 1921, by Dr. Shaw. I can only hope to recall certain things which in the ever changing, ever widening fie

ISSN:0096-6916    

DOI:10.1001/archpedi.1927.04130190102007

年代:1927

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

APPOINTMENT OF DR. DE LANGEDr. Cornelia de Lange has been made Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Amsterdam. She is the first woman to be appointed to a professorship in pediatrics or to any other professorship in Holland.NEW FOREIGN MEMBERS OF AMERICAN PEDIATRIC SOCIETYAt the recent meeting of the American Pediatric Society on Chesapeake Bay, Prof. Luis Morquio of Montevideo, Uruguay, was elected to honorary membership and Prof. Leon Velasco Blanco of Buenos Aires and Prof. A. Aballi of Havana were elected to associate memberships.THE ABRAHAM JACOBI MEMORIAL FUNDThe Abraham Jacobi Memorial Fund Committee of the Section of Diseases of Children in the American Medical Association reports that it has on hand a sinking fund of $2,000, and that there will be a determined effort to increase this materially during the year 1927-1928. This fund is used for the purpose of paying the expenses

ISSN:0096-6916    

DOI:10.1001/archpedi.1927.04130190110008

年代:1927

数据来源: JAMA

ISSN:0096-6916    

DOI:10.1001/archpedi.1927.04130190112009

年代:1927

数据来源: JAMA

ISSN:0096-6916    

DOI:10.1001/archpedi.1927.04130190113010

年代:1927

数据来源: JAMA