摘要:

A criterion‐related validation was conducted to assess the validity of four aptitude tests and five tests of content taken directly from job tasks in predicting job sample performance of apprentices in eight skilled trades. Observed validities were above .40 (corrected for range restriction, validities averaged .52). Though there were large subgroup mean differences on both predictor and criterion measures, there was no evidence of significant differential predictio

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1990.tb02392.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Empirical research is reviewed to evaluate the test‐retest reliability, internal consistency, scale discrimination, factorial validity, convergent validity across raters and methods, and methods bias of the Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS) of Hackman and Oldham (1975, 1980). The review shows that the JDS has important psychometric limitations, but is able–when used properly–to provide useful information about perceived job properties. Suggestions are made for improving the JDS and for developing additional instruments that assess a broader array of job dimensions and that assess them more objectively than current measures. Job characteristics researchers need a diverse portfolio of measures to accomplish different pur

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1990.tb02393.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study contrasted goal setting and self‐management training designs for their effectiveness in facilitating transfer of training to a novel task. Behavioral measures of performance were used to assess transfer in terms of skill generalization, skill repetition and overall performance level. Skill generalization was more limited among the goal‐setting trainees as compared to the self‐management trainees. While goal‐setting trainees generalized fewer skills to the novel task context, these skills tended to be used more repeatedly. In contrast, self‐management trainees exhibited higher rates of skill generalization and higher overall performance levels on the transfer task, even after the effects of outcome goal level were controlled. Implications are discussed for future research on training

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1990.tb02394.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A conceptual integration of job design and compensation draws on interdisciplinary job design, job evaluation, and labor economic theory. It is argued that job design influences the number and level of skills required and the degree to which jobs are physically aversive or hazardous. External labor markets also respond to skill and physical requirements. Job evaluation links job design and market forces by analyzing jobs’compensable factors that reflect these requirements, and then relating them to the market through wage surveys across firms. An empirical examination presents relationships between job design and pay or job evaluation measures. Strongly supportive results replicate in two separate samples (totaln =213 jobs) which differ in industries, job types, skill levels, job design measures, job evaluation measures, and labor markets. Motivational job design had higher job evaluation measures reflecting higher skill requirements, and mechanistic and perceptual/motor design had lower evaluation measures reflecting lower skill requirements. Biological design had lower evaluation measures reflecting physical requirement

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1990.tb02395.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study investigated the impact of personal and organizational factors and performance appraisal methods on 53 Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) federal court cases. Discriminant analysis suggested that the employer was most likely to be the successful party when the employee was younger, particularly between 40‐49 years old. Appraisal system characteristics which in previous studies were found to be significantly related to case outcome, were not reported in these case decisions. Traditional legal case analysis was used to explore the relationship of performance appraisal methods and the personnel action giving rise to the complain

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1990.tb02396.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Hersey and Blanchard's situational leadership theory (1982) is widely known and used, but has limited, mixed empirical validation. This study examines the underlying assumptions regarding the theory's prescriptions that subordinate maturity moderates the relationship of leader task and relationship behaviors with indicants of leader effectiveness. Results of this analysis do not support these assumptions. An examination of the more complex predictions of the theory also show little support for it. Findings are discussed in terms of future research and theory development.

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1990.tb02397.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Pay allocation decisions of 123 industrial uniform industry managers were investigated. Results showed that the managers awarded higher pay raises to a subordinate when they were dependent on the subordinate's expertise. Political connections led to a higher raise for the subordinate only when the subordinate made a dependency threat.

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1990.tb02398.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Drug testing programs are becoming increasingly popular, but little is known about attitudes toward various aspects of common testing programs. This study examined college students’attitudes toward several aspects of drug testing programs. Results indicate that testing is seen, under some circumstances, as appropriate and necessary. However, attitudes toward most aspects of testing were characterized by extreme variability. Virtually all aspects of drug testing programs are strongly accepted by some individuals and strongly rejected by others. Furthermore, attitudes toward employee drug testing do not appear to vary as a function of employment experience, qualifications, or political inclinations, and are not strongly related to the individual's exposure to others’drug use. One of the few consistent correlates of approval of employee drug testing was the individual's drug use; self‐report frequency of drug use was negatively correlated with the acceptability of employee drug te

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1990.tb02399.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:WISKOFF, MARTIN F. and RAMPTON, GLENN M. (Eds.). Military Personnel Measurement: Testing, Assignment, Evaluation.ARTHUR, MICHAEL B., HALL, DOUGLAS T. and LAWRENCE, BARBARAS. (Eds.). Handbook of Career Theory.LUTHANS, FRED. Organizational Behavior (5th ed.).KOTTER, JOHN P. A Force for Change: How Leadership Differs from Management.KOSSEK, ELLEN ERNST. The Acceptance of Human Resource Innovation: Lessons for Management.NALBANTIAN, HAIG R. (Ed.). Incentives, Cooperation, and Risk Sharing: Economic and Psychological Perspectives on Employment Contracts.McBEATH, GORDON and RANDS, NICK. Salary Administration (4th ed. by Gordon McBeath).NEWSTROM, JOHN W. and DAVIS, KEITH. (Eds.) Organizational Behavior: Readings and Exercises (8th ed.).LOWMAN, RODNEY L. Pre‐Employment Screening for Psychopathology: A Guide to Professional Practice.SETHI, AMARJIT S. and SCHULER, RANDALL S. (Eds.). Human Resource Management in the Health Care Sector: A Guide for Administrators and Professionals.LOZANO, BEVERLY. The Invisible Work Force: Transforming American Business with Outside and Home‐Based Workers.MAKIN, PETER J., COOPER, CARY L. and COX, CHARLES J. Managing People at Work.MINTZBERG, HENRY. Mintzberg on Management: Inside our Strange World of Organizations.CROSBY, PHILIP B. Leading: The Art of Becoming an Executive.REDDIN, BILL. The Output‐Oriented Manager, Aldershot, HantsROSENZWEIG, MARK R. and PORTER, LYMAN W. (Eds.). Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 41,

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1990.tb02400.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY