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From ion currents to genomic analysis: Recent advances in GABAAreceptor research |
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Volume 21,
Issue 3,
1995,
Page 189-274
Lois E. Rabow,
Shelley J. Russek,
David H. Farb,
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摘要:
AbstractThe γ‐aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor represents an elementary switching mechanism integral to the functioning of the central nervous system and a locus for the action of many mood‐and emotion‐altering agents such as benzodiazepines, barbiturates, steroids, and alcohol. Anxiety, sleep disorders, and convulsive disorders have been effectively treated with therapeutic agents that enhance the action of GABA at the GABAAreceptor or increase the concentration of GABA in nervous tissue. The GABAAreceptor is a multimeric membrane‐spanning ligand‐gated ion channel that admits chloride upon binding of the neurotransmitter GABA and is modulated by many endogenous and therapeutically important agents. Since GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS, modulation of its response has profound implications for brain functioning. The GABAAreceptor is virtually the only site of action for the centrally acting benzodiazepines, the most widely prescribed of the anti‐anxiety medications. Increasing evidence points to an important role for GABA in epilepsy and various neuropsychiatric disorders. Recent advances in molecular biology and complementary information derived from pharmacology, biochemistry, electrophysiology, anatomy and cell biology, and behavior have led to a phenomenal growth in our understanding of the structure, function, regulation, and evolution of the GABAAreceptor. Benzodiazepines, barbiturates, steroids, polyvalent cations, and ethanol act as positive or negative modulators of receptor function. The description of a receptor gene superfamily comprising the subunits of the GABAA, nicotinic acetylcholine, and glycine receptors has led to a new way of thinking about gene expression and receptor assembly in the nervous system. Seventeen genetically distinct subunit subtypes (αl‐α6, βl‐β4, γl‐γ4,δ, pl‐p2) and alternatively spliced variants contribute to the molecular architecture of the GABAAreceptor. Mysteriously, certain preferred combinations of subunits, most notably the αlβ2γ2 arrangement, are widely codistributed, while the expression of other subunits, such as βl or α6, is severely restricted to specific neurons in the hippocampal formation or cerebellar cortex. Nervous tissue has the capacity to exert control over receptor number, allosteric uncoupling, subunit mRNA levels, and
ISSN:0887-4476
DOI:10.1002/syn.890210302
出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
年代:1995
数据来源: WILEY
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Role of cyclic AMP in dopamine modulation of potassium channels on rat striatal neurons: Regulation of a subconductance state |
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Volume 21,
Issue 3,
1995,
Page 275-277
Gabriela J. Greif,
Yong‐Jian Lin,
Jonathan E. Freedman,
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ISSN:0887-4476
DOI:10.1002/syn.890210303
出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
年代:1995
数据来源: WILEY
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Cholecystokinin mobilizes intracellular Ca2+in hybrid N18TG2 X mesencephalon (MES‐23.5) cells |
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Volume 21,
Issue 3,
1995,
Page 278-280
Himanshu N. Parikh,
Louis A. Chiodo,
Janet Koss,
Garrett D. Crawford,
Arthur S. Freeman,
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ISSN:0887-4476
DOI:10.1002/syn.890210304
出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
年代:1995
数据来源: WILEY
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4. |
Masthead |
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Synapse,
Volume 21,
Issue 3,
1995,
Page -
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PDF (124KB)
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ISSN:0887-4476
DOI:10.1002/syn.890210301
出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
年代:1995
数据来源: WILEY
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