ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The functional metabolic viability of cadaveric dermal allograft used for burn wound coverage was determined by means of the conversion of radiolabelled glucose into carbon dioxide. The viability of skin was unrelated to the age or sex of the donor, but was highly correlated with the postmortem refrigerated donor body storage time. Skin retained 55% of normal glucose metabolism after removal from donors stored for 24 hours, and 30% after 48 hours of storage. Skin maintained its postcollection functional viability above 80% of normal during the first 3 days of refrigerated storage in nutrient tissue culture medium, then steadily declined in viability to 47% by the sixth day. Skin packaged in a flat format, cryopreserved using a constant cooling rate of −1 C/min, stored in liquid nitrogen, and warmed at rates of 127 to 470 C/min retained 73.4% 3.8% of its original viability. Cryopreservation protected skin viability and allowed extended storage, while refrigeration caused skin to lose nearly two thirds of its viability in 1 week.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Length of hospital stay for adult burn survivors is an important outcome criterion for assessing effects of treatment regimens, planning health care-delivery needs, and comprehending hospital costs related to burn care. Unfortunately, existing studies are insufficient in their analysis of length of stay for adult burn survivors. This paper presents a study of length of stay for adult burn survivors designed to overcome limitations inherent in previously published studies. A full array of data pertaining to demographic, medical, and psychosocial characteristics of surviving burned adults prior and subsequent to admission to a hospital burn unit has been collected prospectively. Variables of importance in the length-of-stay analysis pertaining to certain medical characteristics of the patients are studied. None of the 21 demographic and psychosocial variables was a significant correlate of length of stay. The multiple regression model for explaining length of stay for this study population reveals more variance in length of stay than any other published model.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Previous clinical studies have suggested the possible influence of dietary protein on mortality and immune functions in burn patients. This study was undertaken to determine the relative importance of protein quality vs. quantity in a standardized animal burn model and to compare alterations of immunologic function in this model with those observed in man. Laboratory beagles (n = 60) received a flame burn covering 30% of TBS A and were fed one of six diets, which varied only in the quantity or quality of protein. The diets supplied 15% or 25% of the calories as protein, either as casein/soy, ultrafiltered whey, or enzymatically hydrolyzed whey. The animals received 130% of their recommended daily caloric intake. Sequential measurements of neutrophil function, neutrophil enzymes, serum opsonic index and levels of IgG, C3, transferrin, albumin. SGOT. SGPT, alkaline phosphatase, BUN, creatinine, glucose, Na, K, Cl, and trace metals were made. Although all animals lost weight, the loss did not correlate with the type of diet. Survival was markedly less in animals that received diets containing hydrolyzed whey as a protein source, but results with other diets were indistinguishable. There were only minor differences in immunologic function or serum components with respect to diet, with certain exceptions, and other changes in immunologic function were similar in burned animals and burned man. The estimated caloric intake of the animals was obviously insufficient, probably because no treatment was administered for wound or systemic infections. These studies indicate that energy requirements must be met before changes in protein intake can influence morbidity or mortality. Moreover, the poor survival of the animals that received hydrolyzed whey as a protein source raises some concern about the use of hydrolyzed or defined diets in burn patients. Clearly, further confirmation and investigation of the underlying mechanisms for this high mortality are required.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Thirty-seven patients with moderate and major burns were managed as outpatients. Strict medical and social criteria were established. The outpatient management of moderate and major thermal injuries involved two phases of treatment including home treatment and treatment accomplished in physical therapy. None of the patients developed burn wound infection or cellulitis. The outpatient treatment of moderate and major thermal injuries resulted in a decreased length of hospital stay (70%) and a decrease in the cost of burn care (44%). It also provided a more favorable environment for the recovery of thermal injury patients.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A large percentage of burns in children is related to the unsafe use of fire and matches. The most common method used to control this problem has been to tell the child, “Don't play with fire or matches. ” This method rarely works, and the problem continues. A don't-touch or hands-off policy must be considered for children under 5 years of age; however, a more positive approach is required for older children. Each child must be taught the proper and safe use of fire and matches at the appropriate time and under the appropriate conditions. The child and the parents must work together to establish that fire and matches are tools and have specific uses under specific conditions. An agreement is made between parents and child that allows the child to use fire and matches under the strict supervision of one of the parents. A saturation procedure allows children to strike matches, but only in the presence of a parent. The emphasis in the home is placed on the safe use of fire, and children become actively involved in the development and maintenance of a safe environment. Fire safety awareness becomes a regular part of home activities.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID