ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Each year in the United States burn injuries result in more than 500,000 hospital emergency department visits and approximately 70,000 acute inpatient admissions. Most burn injuries are relatively minor, and patients are discharged following outpatient treatment at the medical facility where they are first seen. Of those patients with injuries serious enough to require hospitalization, about 20,000 are admitted directly or by referral to hospitals with special capabilities in the treatment of burn injury. Hospitals with these service capabilities are normally termed “burn centers.” This document defines the system, organizational structure, personnel, program, and physical facilities involved in establishing the eligibility of hospitals with the capability of being identified as burn centers.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Twenty-five patients were studied to determine the effects of thermal injury on neutrophil bactericidal function and superoxide release and on lymphocyte proliferation. Neutrophils in patients with burns had depressed killing ofStaphylococcus aureusfor more than 150 days after burn injury, but killing ofEscberichia colireturned to normal. FMLP-stimulated superoxide release by neutrophils in patients with burns was depressed for over 100 days after burn injury, whereas superoxide release by neutrophils in patients with burns stimulated with serum-opsonized zymosan was depressed for 42 days after burn injury. In patients with burns lymphocyte proliferation, with phytohemagglutinin as a mitogen, was suppressed for up to 85 days after injury, then returned to normal. The mixed lymphocyte response was suppressed up to 170 days after injury.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

One percent silver sulfadiazine has been commonly used as a topical antimicrobial agent after a burn injury. Incidence of burn wound colonization byStaphylococcus aureusin patients treated with silver sulfadiazine has spurred research for other agents. A topical preparation that contains zinc and sulfadiazine (Zad-G) was evaluated for in vitro antibacterial spectrum and in vivo efficacy. Muscle biopsy specimens of rats treated with Zad-G appear to have fewer colonies ofS. aureusthan groups treated with silver sulfadiazine. Topical therapy with Zad-G for patients with burns was comfortable, reduced wound infection, and was comparable to therapy with silver sulfadiazine. A topical Zad-G preparation that contains zinc sulfadiazine appears to be an effective alternative to silver sulfadiazine in the treatment of burn wounds.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The application of pressure to facial burns as a means of preventing or treating hypertrophic scar formation constitutes a major clinical challenge. Success depends on the experience of the therapist, choice of the pressure treatment, proper measurement technique, and adequate duration of therapy. A mail survey of therapists involved in the use of the various pressure modalities reveals a common trend with respect to die type of device used and the duration of therapy. The majority of therapists report that no one treatment produces uniformly excellent results.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

According to criteria established to define patients with smoke inhalation, the airway management of all victims of smoke and burns (1974 to 1984;n=805) was reviewed. Fourteen percent of all patients were intubated (n=117); patients intubated on the day of injury (n=41) were more likely to extubate themselves or have technical problems with the endotracheal tube. Twelve percent of patients with smoke inhalation without burns required endotracheal intubation versus 62% of those with burns. An endotracheal tube was required for a median of 5 days. Tracheotomies were performed in 48 patients: 40% of those intubated and 6% of all patients. The mean postburn day for tracheotomy was day 15. There was no difference in the mortality rate for patients with an endotracheal tube only and those who had a tracheotomy as well: 42% and 37%, respectively. The prolonged length of stay for patients with a tracheotomy relates to die severity of the burn. Tracheotomy was not the cause of death in any patient. The strategy of grafting the neck before tracheotomy was used successfully in eight patients.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In a previous study the Water-Jel system (dressings) was found to protect die burn wound from microbial contamination and to have excellent analgesic and cooling effects when used as the first-aid dressing. In an extensive bacteriologic study in vitro, bodi semiquantitative and qualitative, Water-Jel was bactericidal in all 15 microorganisms tested, including yeasts. All 15 microorganisms were from the Ostrava Burn Unit. Water-Jel was used successfully in three surgical, nonburned patients with very contaminated, dilacerated wounds. It was superior to all the selective antibiotics used systemically. After its 3-day application, the wounds became sterile; the skin grafting was successful.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Burns to the buttocks are rare. Gluteal pouching, a complication of burn scar contractures of the buttocks, with total effacement of the gluteal folds and hooding of the rectum is described. A barium enema is helpful for preoperative evaluation. Recreation of the gluteal folds and unhooding of the rectum can be performed effectively without skin grafting.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Current reimbursement for burn care underscores the importance of cost containment in the treatment of burn injuries. We evaluate the economic impact of adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen in burns of 19% to 50% total body surface area in patients admitted to our burn center from January 1982 to July 1987. Length of hospitalization, number of surgical procedures, and total cost of care, exclusive of surgical fees, were examined. Eleven patients did not receive adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy, whereas 10 did. The hyperbaric oxygen—treated group had an average decrease in length of stay of 14.8 days, a reduction of surgical procedures of 39%, and an average saving per case of $31,600.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID