ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/15.5.CO3

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1988

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractConventional approaches for measuring innovativeness have a number of limitations. A new approach is attempted, which consists of: measuring characteristics of technology in terms of four components; estimating export competitiveness of outputs; and assessing output by phases of technology life cycle. From this analysis, a number of lessons for developing countries are derived.The major prerequisites for technology development seem to be: to have a distinct specialization in manufacturing; to have a strong commitment for technology upgradation as well as assimilation; to incorporate technological considerations in economic planning; and to foster a climate conducive for technology development.

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/15.5.279

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1988

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractThe effective formulation of S&T policies requires a clear understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of the national infrastructure upon which development capabilities are to be built. Although many developing countries claim to have initiated action to meet this needy current efforts appear to focus their attention mainly on the allocation patterns of R&D expenditure and the distribution and deployment patterns of S&T personnel. While such information is certainly useful, it is imperative that policy-makers and planners are also provided with additional information on critical issues related to the technological attributes of national production systems and the S&T climate.This paper outlines a preliminary framework that can be used to provide more comprehensive information to S&T policy-makers and planners on the national science and technology base. An indicative case study based on the Sri Lankan situation is used to illustrate this framework.

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/15.5.304

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1988

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractBoth science and politics have been involved in the debate over ‘nuclear winter’. Political interests seem to have influenced the degree of scientific attention to the nuclear winter effect, some of the assumptions underlying the models developed to study it, and the criticisms made of it. Conversely, nuclear winter results have been used as tools to promote particular stands on nuclear policy-making.In all this, most scientists involved with the studies have tried to define science as separate from politics. The debate raises in acute form the contradiction involved in science allegedly being objective and apolitical while at the same time it is intermeshed with policy disputes.

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/15.5.321

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1988

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractScience and engineering labor market trends to the year 2000 are calcualted using various sources, to assess the opposing forces. If present trends continue there will be a shortage of trained engineers which cannot be filled by the natural increases in numbers of women and minority students obtaining degrees. Possible market adjustments include the injection of foreign talent, a policy decision to increase the numbers of women and minority students and the recapture and retraining of those engineers no longer in the field.

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/15.5.335

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1988

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractHigh technology is a term which is recognised in nearly every country, but a review of definitions used in Australia and other countries shows very little consistency. The Australian situation is looked at in detail and it is argued that this diversity reflects an underlying political reality. In Australia, definitions of high technology have functioned politically to alleviate anxieties and fears, promote visions of the future, and define the ‘political landscape’. Definitions of high technology, therefore, should be seen as much more than an input into the policy making process. They are a critical ‘determining’ part of that process itself.

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/15.5.343

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1988

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/15.5.354

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1988

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/15.5.357

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1988

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/15.5.359

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1988

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/15.5.360

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1988

数据来源: OUP