ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/17.1.2

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1990

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractThis article presents an overview of trends in UK government expenditure on academic and related research compared to five other nations, for the period 1975–87. Total spending grew in real terms by 15% in the UK for the seven years to 1987, but as a percentage of GDP it remained around 20% lower than the average for comparable European countries. This suggests that British researchers were less well funded by around US$500 million in 1987, the apparent difference being particularly large in physical and life sciences.Among other findings, UK government policy to achieve greater budgetary flexibility, by shifting the emphasis from institutional core-funding to research council grants and programmes, is shown to reflect a general trend in countries traditionally financing universities through a dual-support system.

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/17.1.3

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1990

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractAnalysis of the recently updated CHI/NSF Science Literature Indicators Database suggests that the decline in the UK's share of world publications, which was especially pronounced during the 1970s, levelled off between 1984 and 1986. The fall in the UK share of citations has also slowed appreciably.However, the figures for more basic research articles from the UK show little sign of a halt in the downward trend in output and impact. Furthermore, UK performance is weak and deteriorating in several scientific areas likely to be important for future industrial competitiveness.

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/17.1.14

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1990

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractThe effective utilisation of the principal policy instruments for technology in a developing country such as South Africa is questioned because of inadequate measures of technological capability. Supplementary conceptual and methodological structures should be used, together with new empirical inputs that are specifically technological in character. The framework of technology analysis and the generation of data on technological innovations is proposed for this purpose.The results of the application of these concepts through a wide-ranging survey of South African technological innovations is summarised. This methodological and empirical base is used to suggest a number of possible priorities for policy concerning technological development, and to bring to the surface some of the problems facing the decision-maker in this respect. The conclusion is drawn that a more widespread development of the framework and its data inputs would be a useful adjunct to the macro-policy process.

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/17.1.27

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1990

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractThe need for science statistics in India has grown over the last 20 years or so. A system of data collection through questionnaires has been devised, together with a computer package for analysis. Problems have been encountered but the coverage and reliability have improved over the years. The importance of science statistics in the planning process is now recognised and may encourage the responding R&D units to provide more reliable and timely data.

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/17.1.35

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1990

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractThrough planned development, India has achieved a great deal in science and technology, creating diverse capabilities in many areas and highly qualified manpower. Now priorities have to he reset and the expertise harnessed, to accelerate national progress.

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/17.1.45

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1990

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/17.1.54

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1990

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/17.1.56

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1990

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:1660-5527    

DOI:10.1093/spp/17.1.58

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1990

数据来源: OUP