摘要:

Summary.The cells of 60 randomly selected Hannoveranian warm‐blooded horses were subjected to one‐dimensional isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting with a cross‐reacting monoclonal antibody (Bo 1) recognizing bovine class I antigens. The banding patterns were correlated with the serologically defined specificities of the ELA‐A locus. ELA‐A2 was correlated with four bands, while ELA‐A5, ELA‐W18, ELA‐A6, ELA‐A14 and ELA‐A9 were correlated with a single band each. The complexity of the pattern and additional polymorphic bands which could not be correlated to any of the known ELA specificities may indicate biochemical variants of established serological specificities or still‐undetected allelic products of more than one class I locus expressed at the surface of horse cells. Here we present the first description of the biochemical complex polymorphism of equine MHC class I molecules using one‐dimensional isoelectric focusing. Direct comparison of biochemical and serological polymorphisms revealed potentials and limitations of both techniques which supplement each other. Their combination will improve and enhance the definition of expressed products of different loci in

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1992.tb00028.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.T‐cell recognition of bovine MHC (BoLA) class II antigens was investigated in relation to BoLA class II polymorphisms defined by one‐dimensional isoelectric focusing (1D‐IEF). One‐way mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLRs), and allospecific cell lines and clones were used. In general, T‐cell responses correlated with the 1D‐IEF defined haplotypes (EDF types). However, with MLRs some responses appeared to be associated with BoLA class I differences. All combinations of responder‐stimulator pairs produced alloreactive T‐cell responses both in MLR and in generation of allolines/clones. Thus allospecific lines and clones were generated to all EDF types tested. Splits in the IEF typing were observed with EDF6 and EDF3, indicating that distinct BoLA class II haplotypes are not necessarily distinguished by 1D‐IEF alone. Furthermore, the patterns of reactivity with EDF3 expressing cells were complex with the T‐cell specificities splitting EDF3 into several distinct types. Also, in some cases it was clear that more than one T‐cell specifieity per EDF type was detectable. Thus, allospecific lines and clones provide complementary and additional information to the 1D‐IEF typing for polymorphism of the BoLA class II complex. This extra information is particularly important in terms of the functional significance of the BoLA complex for antigen presentation and immun

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1992.tb00029.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.For a long time, the bovine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) (BOLA) class I region was characterized, rather uniquely among mammalian species, as having one expressed locus. Recent reports have suggested otherwise. Selective immunoprecipitation and molecular characteriztion of products enable a decisive answer to the question of whether there is indeed more than one locus expressed. Therefore, we characterized serologically defined w10 encoding haplotypes in European and African cattle by immunoprecipitation of [35S]‐methioninelabelled peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), followed by one‐ and two‐dimensional isoelectric focusing (1D/2D‐IEF) of cell lysates. Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) used were directed against either human class I monomorphic determinants (W6/32 and B1.1G6) or bovine polymorphic determinants expressed on products encoded by serologically defined w10 encoding haplotypes of Boran and Friesian cattle. Sequential immunoprecipitations with W6/32 and B1.1G6 using lysates of PBMC of British Friesian cattle, revealed that from this haplotype W6/32 precipitated one product, whereas B1.1G6 precipitated two products. The product precipitated in addition appeared to be the one that was selectively precipitated by the mAb directed against polymorphic determinants on a product of w10 encoding haplotypes. Additionally, peptide maps of protease V8‐digested precipitates showed that this particular ‘w10’ associated product was distinctly different from the product recognized by W6/32. Thus, we suggest that the two products are distinct gene products and that the product with higher PI is associated with the serologically defined A‐locus product, whereas the product with lower PI is the putative second locus product.In the African Boran breed, variants of the serologically defined w10 specificity were found on the basis of IEF typing. These variants appeared to be associated with different second locus products. Therefore, we conclude that serologically defined w10 encoding haplotypes encode at least two independent class I locus products, expressed on normal bovine PBMC. In IEF analysis the additional use of mAb recognizing polymorphic determinants on serologically defined A‐locus products highly facilitated the detection and typing of seco

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1992.tb00030.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Serum defined BOLA‐A antigens, together with BOLA‐DQB RFLP patterns, were determined in 87 almost unrelated Norwegian cattle. Statistical analysis revealed strong linkage disequilibria between these loci at the population level. A total of 13 haplotypes were found to be present at frequencies significantly greater than those predicted on the basis of their component gene frequencies. Among these, the subgroups 1A and 1B of the DQ1 haplotype were found to be closely associated with the class I antigens A11 and w16, respectively. The association between A11 and DQ1A is of particular interest, as two independent studies, one employing class I serology, and the other RFLP analysis of the class II locus DQ, have previously indicated that A11 and DQ1A confer relative susceptibility to masti

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1992.tb00031.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.We have isolated equine microsatellites by screening a genomic library with (TG)nand (TC)nprobes. TG microsatellites were found to be more abundant than TC repeats, with an estimated frequency of one per 100000bp. Sequence analysis of eight TG‐positive clones revealed varying structures of the repeat regions; perfect stretches of TG repeats, imperfect stretches of TG repeats and compound regions of TG and TC repeats. Five loci were analysed by PCR and showed extensive polymorphism; three to seven alleles and heterozygosities of 0.40‐0.76 were observed when screening 20–30 unrelated individuals. The high degree of polymorphism, their abundance and the possibility of automating the typing procedure make these loci ideal for standardized paternity testing in the horse. Furthermore, we demonstrate that single hairs can be used as starting material for the PCR ana

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1992.tb00032.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.By using a simple method of two‐dimensional horizontal electrophoresis, phenotypes of an unidentified plasma protein (PA4) were determined in 967 dogs belonging to 43 different breeds. Two codominant, autosomal alleles (F and S) of PA4 were reported. While many of the breeds of middle and north‐eastern Asia (akita inu, Alaskan malamute, chow chow, samoyed, Siberian husky and Tibetan terrier) showed a substantial frequency (0.1 to 0.6) of the S allele, a majority of the European breeds had only the F allele. Evidence was provided that the PA4 locus is closely linked to the plasma pretransferrin 1 locus (PRTI). No recombinant was observed in 45 informative offspring studied. In nearly all breeds, the PA4 S allele was almost always in coupling phase with the PRT1 F all

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1992.tb00033.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Restriction endonuclease fragment patterns of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in sheep were analysed with 11 enzymes. Four breeds (Merinolandschaf, Rhoenschaf, Schwarzkoepfiges Fleischschaf and Skudde) of domestic sheep and European Mouflon were examined. A restriction map with 28 cleavage sites of seven enzymes was established. KpnI and PstI do not cut ovine mtDNA. Two EcoRI fragments of Merinolandschaf, Rhoenschaf and Mouflon each were cloned and partially sequenced. Intraspecific nucleotide sequence differences within 1.101 kb ranged from 0.09 to 0.27%. Hybridization analysis with a fragment of porcine mtDNA along with sequencing data from cloned fragments was used for orientation of the restriction map along the bovine sequence. Ovine mtDNA sequences encompassing parts of the Cyt.b‐, ND5‐, CoIII‐ and ATPase6 genes were compared with the corresponding sequences of the bovine

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1992.tb00034.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.The homeobox 2 (HOX2) and homeobox 3 (HOX3) clusters have been chromosomally assigned in cattle by in situ hybridization. The probes employed were a murine probe for the mapping of HOX2 to 19q17‐qter and human probes for the mapping of HOX3 to 5q1‐23. These assignments confirm the chromosomal assignment of two syntenic groups, consisting of loci located on human chromosome 12 (bovine chromosome 5) and the long arm of human chromosome 17 (bovine chromosome

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1992.tb00035.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Crosses were produced between two lines of White Plymouth Rock chickens, one of which had been selected for low 8‐week body weight for 31 generations (L) and the other of which was a bantam population (B). The parental lines, reciprocal F1s, reciprocal F2sand all possible back‐crosses to each parental line (total of 16 populations) were available for study. Blood was obtained from 10 females within each population. DNA was extracted from blood mixes (equal amounts of blood from each individual) for each population, and from blood samples of each individual in the two parental lines. Fourteen line‐specific DNA fingerprint (DFP) bands (those bands present in one parental population, but not in the other parental population) were analysed (eight from line L and six from line B). Regression analyses were conducted to compare the known proportion of genomic contribution from each parental population with values based on relative band intensity obtained with a scanning densitometer. The resulting regression coefficient of 1.004 demonstrated that DFP analysis of relative band intensity is an effective method of estimating the relative proportion of genome contributed by parental popula

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1992.tb00036.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay has been developed for genotyping β‐lactoglobulin A and B variants in dairy cattle. Either blood or semen samples can be used as a source of DNA. The method is accurate, faster than Southern blot analyses and should prove a useful tool in breeding programm

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1992.tb00037.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY