摘要:

SummarySeveral observations are documented which illustrate that haemopoietic chimaerism is a potential source of error when using assays of cellular components of blood to determine genotype for inherited defects in cattle. Acidic α‐glucosidase activity in peripheral mononuclear cells of a twin Brahman bull that had sired calves affected with generalized glycogenosis was similar to that in cells from homozygous normal animals. Activity in fibroblasts from this bull was similar to that in heterozygotes. α‐mannosidase activity in fibroblasts of a twin Murray Grey bull with low activity in peripheral granulocytes but high activity in plasma was similar to that in animals homozygous normal for α‐mannosidosis. Normal argininosuccinate synthetase nucleotide sequence was detected in leucocytes from two calves affected with citrullinaemia and mutant sequence detected in leucocytes from their homozygous normal

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1994.tb00439.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryOwing to increasing scientific and agricultural interest in the disease‐resistant (trypanotolerant), indigenous cattle breeds of West and Central Africa, there is a need for a rational genetically based description of populations in the region. The greatest threat to the invaluable genetic resource represented by these animals is that of extensive genetic introgression of distantly related zebu cattle from northern populations which do not share their inherited tolerances. Southern blotting with a chromosome Y‐specific probe, btDYZ‐1 (locus DYZ1) is shown to be a sensitive assay to detect such introgression. Evidence of historical crossbreeding is reported in two important N'Dama populations previously classed as purely ta

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1994.tb00440.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMany inherited diseases occur in pure‐bred dogs, but diagnosis at the level of DNA is impossible because the canine genome is largely unknown. Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) provides many polymorphisms, but the reproducibility and Mendelian inheritance are not beyond doubt. An optimized polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed for canine DNA with respect to the annealing temperature and the concentrations of MgCl2, template DNA and primers. RAPD amplification products were in the range of 100–1500 base pairs. With six primers, 21 different reactions with different electrophoretic patterns were obtained, yielding 9–29 products per reaction. In DNA from dogs of 16 different breeds, 14% of the products were polymorphic; when only beagles were included the rate of polymorphism was 10%. All of the reaction products were completely reproducible in 16 DNA samples. Mendelian transmission was analysed in six beagle families (42 dogs). The segregation of polymorphic amplification products in 21 reactions performed on DNA from all beagles was nearly complete; in only two of the 630 reactions was there a product that could not be traced back to either of the parents. The reproducibility and Mendelian behaviour of polymorphisms generated by RAPD in dogs makes this tool very suitable for development of DNA markers of canine inherited dis

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1994.tb00441.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTen (TG)npositive clones, isolated from an equine genomic library and sequenced, contained 12–19 uninterrupted TG repeats. Primers for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were synthesized and nine of these (TG)nloci (HTG7‐15) were successfully amplified and utilized in this study together with five previously reported equine microsatellite loci (HTG2‐6). The PCR products were analysed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by automated laser fluorescence detection or autoradiography. All microsatellites showed polymorphism and stable Mendelian inheritance. Differences in microsatellite variability between horse breeds were detected. A linkage analysis comprising HTG2‐15, one coat colour gene and 16 genetic blood markers enabled addition of HTG2 to linkage group U2 and a new linkage group (U6) was established comprising the loci HTG7 and HTG12. Close linkage was excluded within a set of eight microsatellites. The estimated probability of exclusion in four breeds for a parentage test based on these eight loci varied between 0.96 a

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1994.tb00442.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe digoxigenin‐labelled oligonucleotide (GTG)5was used as a multilocus probe to detect hypervariable microsatellites in roe deer DNA digested withHae III.The resulting fingerprints of 24 animals belonging to four subpopulations were characterized with regard to within‐subpopulation as well as between‐subpopulation similarity. The mean number of polymorphic fragments was 20 and the average band‐sharing rate for unrelated animals 0.27. A mean probability of 91.5% for a fragment to be present in the heterozygous state was evaluated and the probabilities of identical band patterns in unrelated individuals were estimated to be in the range 1.3 X 10‐16‐ 2.5 X 10‐18. Though band‐sharing rates of animals belonging to different subpopulations (range 0.18‐0.24) were lower than those of within‐subpopulations, several measures of population subdivision and the genetic distance do not reveal a striking differentiation of the sub

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1994.tb00443.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThirty‐six partially characterized hamster‐bovine hybrid cell lines were used for the determination of synteny groups. Sixteen additional reference loci, selected for their coverage of the bovine genome, were analysed on these hybrid cells. This increases to 25 the number of synteny groups detected. This panel was then used to make synteny assignments for 10 additional loci, eight by Southern blotting (COL1A1, COL1A2, FAS, CTSB, CTSL, CHRNG, HEXB and HTR1A) and two by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification (HRH1 and ETH1112), These loci were assigned to international synteny groups U12 (HRH1), U13 (COL1A2), U17 (CHRNG), U21 (COL1A1, FAS), U29 (ETHI1112), to chromosome 20 (U14 or U25) for HEXB and HTR1A, and to the same local synteny group (A), which is probably U18, for CTSB and CTSL. For three loci already mapped in humans (COL1A1, COL1A2 and CHRNG), the present results are in accordance with the predictions based on comparative mapping between the human and bovine spec

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1994.tb00444.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryInvestigation of published sequence data from the porcine insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF1) gene, resulted in the detection of a microsatellite in the first intron of the gene. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers flanking the (CA)19repeat were constructed. Polymorphism and Mendelian segregation were documented in a three‐generation pedigree and allele frequencies were determined in 74 unrelated animals from four different breeds. Seven alleles were encountered. Linkage analysis was performed in a large pedigree established for gene mapping. Linkage between the IGF1 microsatellite and an anonymous microsatellite marker, S0005, was detected. Furthermore, IGF1 and S0005 was found to be linked to the porcine submaxillary gland mucin (MUC) gene, previously assigned to chromosome 5. The results presented here extend the linkage group on pig chromosome 5 and are in accordance with conserved synteny between human chromosome 12, cattle chromosome 5, mouse chromosome 10 and pig chromosom

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1994.tb00445.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA total of 419 individuals of four breeds with differing fecundity (Rhoenschaf, Merinolandschaf, East Friesian Milksheep, Romanov) and several wild sheep of theOvis musimon, O. orientalis, O. vigneiandO. ammongroups were screened for genetic variation at the βA‐inhibin (INHBA) locus with up to 11 enzymes. The four breeds differed significantly (P<0.001) inTaqIallele frequencies. The frequency of theTaqIA allele coincided with the average litter size in each bre

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1994.tb00446.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryGene frequencies at 16 blood group and protein polymorphism loci (A, C, D, K, P, Q, U, Al, Gc, Es, A1B, Tf, PGD, PGM, GPI and Pi) are given for three horse breeds in Morocco (Arabian, Arab‐Barb and Barb). These data are used to calculate average heterozygosity(h), Nei's standard genetic distance (DN) and probability of exclusion (PE). Variability expressed as the average heterozygosity was lower in the Arabian (0.330 ± 0.066), while it was higher and almost the same in the Arab‐Barb (0.413 ± 0.071) and the Barb (0.414 A ± 0–070). The shortest genetic distance was found between Barb and Arab‐Barb. The 16 loci used are at least 95% effective for recognizing incorrect paternity in these breeds. The Barb and Arab‐Barb genetic profiles obtained showed the rare variants interesting perhaps in the context of European and American breeds: notably Dcfgkm, Ddekl, Es‐N,

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1994.tb00447.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA new D blood group phenogroup consisting of the specificities adeo was observed in a stallion family of Caspian ponies from Iran. An additional six undescribed genetic variants were seen in a total of 82 Iranian horses. This result suggests extensive new genetic variation may be present in domestic horses from geographic regions that have not yet received scientific attention.

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1994.tb00448.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY