摘要:

SummaryRecent advances in the use of microsatellite markers and the development of comparative gene mapping techniques have made the construction of high resolution genetic maps of livestock species possible. Framework and comprehensive genetic linkage maps of porcine chromosome 6 have resulted from the first international effort to integrate genetic maps from multiple laboratories. Eleven highly polymorphic genetic markers were exchanged and mapped by four independent laboratories on a total of 583 animals derived from four reference populations. The chromosome 6 framework map consists of 10 markers ordered with high local support. The average marker interval of the framework map is 15.1 cM (sex averaged). The framework map is 135, 175 and 109 cM in length (for sex averaged, female and male maps, respectively). The comprehensive map includes a total of 48 type I and type II markers with a sex averaged interval of 3.5 cM and is 166, 196 and 126 cM (for sex averaged, female and male maps, respectively). Additional markers within framework map marker intervals can thus be selected from the comprehensive map for further analysis of quantitive trait loci (QTL) located on chromosome 6. The resulting maps of swine chromosome 6 provide a valuable tool for analysing and locating QTL.

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1995.tb02689.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1995.tb02690.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryOf 310 random cosmid clones, 216 were positive for PRE‐1 sequences by Southern hybridization. Thirty nine sub‐fragments positive for the PRE‐1 sequences were cloned from independent cosmid clones, and sequenced, with 17 complete PRE‐1 elements found. Seven PRE‐1 loci were amplified by polymerase chain reaction using genomic DNA of 12 unrelated pigs as template. The amplified fragments were then subjected to an analysis of single strand conformation polymorphism, with all the loci being po

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1995.tb02691.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryEleven apparent mutations of the equine plasma transferrin and esterase gene (10 inTFand one inES) were found in an analysis of approximately 240000 thoroughbred horses. Eight of the transferrin mutations produced variants not previously recognized in horses. In the two remaining transferrin mutations and the esterase mutation, reduced plasma concentrations of the proteins were demonstrated by immunological techniques and together with the family data indicated the existence of ‘null’ alle

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1995.tb02692.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA sample of 52 mixed‐breed dairy cattle (Holstein Friesian and Jersey) and 51 beef cattle (Hereford) from south‐east Queensland was studied. The second exon ofBoLA‐DRB3was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and polymorphisms were detected by heteroduplex analysis. A large number of different heteroduplex patterns indicated extensive sequence polymorphism. Direct sequencing of PCR products from 17 homozygotes and cloning and sequencing of PCR product from two heterozygotes resulted in the identification and characterization of four novel alleles. The previously described alleleBoLA‐DRB3* 2A is characterized by an amino acid deletion at position 65. We have identified three animals that are homozygous for this amino acid deletion, indicating that the deletion is unlikely to result in loss of function. Two of these animals had alleleBoLA‐DRB3* 2A, and one had a novel allele with codon 65 deleted but differing fromBoLA‐DRB3* 2A at a number of other amino acid positions. In conclusion, heteroduplex analysis allows rapid discrimination between homozygotes and heterozygotes, and enables rapid identification of newBoLA

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1995.tb02693.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPolymorphism of casein genes was studied in half‐sib families of artificial insemination bulls of the Finnish Ayrshire dairy breed. Ten grandsires and 300 of their sons were genotyped for the following polymorphisms: αS1‐casein (B, C), β‐casein (A1, A2), the microsatellite within the K‐casein gene (ms5, ms4) and K‐casein (A, B, E). Nine different combinations of these alleles, casein haplotypes, were found. Associations between casein haplotypes and milk production traits (milk and protein yield, fat and protein percentage and milking speed) were studied with ordinary least‐squares analysis to find a direct effect of the haplotypes or an association within individual grandsire families using the granddaughter design. Estimated breeding values of sons were obtained from cow evaluation by animal model. No direct effect of the casein haplotypes on the traits was found. Within grandsire families, in one out of four families the chromosomal segment characterized by haplotype 3 (B‐A2‐ms4‐A) was associated with an increase in milk yield (P<0.01) and a decrease in fat percentage (P<0.01) when contrasted with haplotype 8 (B‐A1‐ms4‐E). The results provide evidence that in the Finnish Ayrshire breed at least one quantitative trait locus affecting the genetic variation in yields traits is segregating linked to either haplotype 3 (B‐

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1995.tb02694.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryReindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) were introduced into Alaska 100 years ago and have been maintained as semidomestic livestock. They have had contact with wild caribou (R. t. granti) herds, including deliberate crossbreeding and mixing in the wild. Reindeer have considerable potential as a domestic animal for meat or velvet antler production, and wild caribou are important to subsistence and sport hunters. Our objective was to quantify the genetic relationships of reindeer and caribou in Alaska. We identified allelic variation among five herds of wild caribou and three herds of reindeer with DNA sequencing and restriction enzymes for three loci: aDQAlocus of the major histocompatibility complex (Rata‐DQA1), K‐casein and the D‐loop of mitochondrial DNA. These loci are of interest because of their potential influence on domestic animal performance and the fitness of wild populations. There is considerable genetic variation in reindeer and caribou for all three loci, including five, three and six alleles forDQA, K‐casein and D‐loop respectively. Most alleles occur in both reindeer and caribou, which may be the result of recent common ancestry or genetic introgression in either direction. However, allele frequencies differ considerably between reindeer and caribou, which suggests that gene flow has bee

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1995.tb02695.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryGenetic polymorphism of the serum α‐protease inhibitor (PI) and group‐specific component (GC) in minks was revealed using one‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. Two codominant alleles were identified at each of the two loci. The data ruled out the possibility of any linkage between thePI, GCand the coat colour gene Crysta

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1995.tb02696.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIndividual loci affecting economic traits can be located using genetic linkage. Application of either daughter or granddaughter designs requires determination of allele origin in the progeny. If only the sires and their progeny are genotyped, the paternal allele origin of progeny having the same genotype as the sire cannot be determined. The expected frequency of informative sons can be predicted for each sire and genetic marker from the allele frequencies in the population. The accuracy of a predictor of the frequency of informative progeny was tested on 103 grandsire x microsatellite combinations. Number of sons per grandsire varied from 24 to 129. Allele frequencies in the population were estimated by genotyping seven sires. The regression of the frequency of informative sons on the predicted frequency was 1.04 with a zero intercept model. Thus, considering the large number of genetic markers available for analysis, predicted informative frequency is a useful criterion for selection of genetic markers.

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1995.tb02697.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1995.tb02698.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY