摘要:

SummaryThe chicken major histocompatibility complex (MHC), theBcomplex, is being intensively analysed at the DNA level. To further probe the molecular structure of chicken MHC class II genes, cDNA clones coding for chicken MHC class II (B‐L) p chain molecules were isolated from an inbred G‐B2 Leghorn chicken spleen and liver. Twenty‐nine cDNA clones were isolated from the spleen and eight cDNA clones were isolated from the liver. Based on restriction maps, most clones could be clustered into one family of genes. Four cDNA clones were sequenced (S7, S10 and S19 from the spleen and L1, which was identical to S19, from the liver). Complete amino acid sequences of B‐Lβ chain molecules were predicted from the nucleotide sequences of the cDNA clones. Although both the nature and the location of the conserved residues were similar in chicken and mammalian sequences, some species‐specific differences were found, suggesting that the structures of the B‐L molecules of this haplotype are similar, but not identical, to their mammalian

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1993.tb00304.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWe have evaluated 15 different micro‐ and minisatellite core probes for use in identity and paternity testing in cattle, based on Southern blot hybridization analysis. The core probes were tested in animals of different breeds and by analysis of seven two‐generation pedigrees. Of the 15 core probes tested, seven were able to detect on average seven variant bands per individual animal. Segregation analysis showed that on average two out of 3 6 variant bands scored per core probe were genetically linked while two out of 12 variant bands correspond to the same allelic pair. The results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of multilocus core probes for determining identity and paternity in cat

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1993.tb00305.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySeven serologically defined chicken haplotypes have been analysed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with chicken cDNA probes specific for MHC class I and II. The results demonstrate an excellent correlation between the observed RFLP banding patterns in the investigated haplotypes and the serological B‐typing. In future, RFLP analysis in addition to serological B‐typing may sharpen the tools in the search for recombinant chromosomes separating B‐F an

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1993.tb00306.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFour full‐length ovine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class IIAcDNA clones coding for new alleles ofDRA, DQA1andDQA2genes were isolated from two ovine Λgt10 cDNA libraries. The derived amino acid sequences of these clones resemble class IIAmolecules from other species in both size and structure. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, using anOvar‐DRAprobe on DNA from Merino and Romney sheep revealed only limited polymorphism in contrast to the high levels of polymorphism revealed byOvar‐DQAprobes. Comparison of the predicted amino acid sequences for the three ovineAgenes with class IIAgenes from five other species revealed that the most variable region of the molecule is the signal peptide. Although virtually every amino acid site shows variation, within or between species, there are some blocks of highly conserved residues. Within gene comparisons of nucleotide differences reveal that the greatest number of changes is found between the alleles ofOvar‐DQA1and ‐DQA2genes and the least betweenOvar‐DRA1alleles. Phylogenetic analysis of class IIAsequences from several species placeDRAandDQAgenes on two distinct branches, withOvar‐DRA1andBOLA‐DRA, andOvar‐DQA1andBOLA‐DQAbeing most similar on their

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1993.tb00307.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn a study of 35 horse‐mouse heterohybridoma cell lines, synteny in the horse was found between LDHB, PEPB and IGFl and between NP, MPI and IDH2. A synteny between ADA and PEPC was also indicated. The loci for horse immunoglobulin light chain (IgL) genes and for LDHA were independen

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1993.tb00308.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySorted chromosomes from each of the 20 clusters of the male porcine bivariate flow karyotype were amplified and biotinylated using DOP‐PCR. The chromosomes comprising each cluster were identified by fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH) of the 20 probes to R‐banded male pig metaphase spreads. A standard flow karyotype for the pig is presen

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1993.tb00309.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA highly polymorphic microsatellite in the bovineDRB3gene was characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and DNA sequencing. A very strong association between expressedDRB3polymorphism and microsatellite alleles was revealed by PCR analysis of genomic DNA from 116 animals representing three breeds of cattle. The results indicated a low frequency of microsatellite length mutations as the association was consistent over breeds. TheDRB3microsatellite may be utilized in a PCR‐based typing method of bovine class II alleles. The microsatellite polymorphism did not distinguish all knownDRB3alleles, but it was shown that this method may be complemented by the use of allele‐specific PCR based on the extensive polymorphism in theDRB3exon 2. The DNA sequences of seven microsatellite alleles, associated with different class II hap‐lotypes, were determined. TheDRB3microsatellite is composed of three repeat motifs, a stretch of at least 10 uninterrupted (TG)ndinucleotides, a long but interrupted stretch of (GA)ndinucleotides, and a few (CAGA)ntetranucleotides. There were pronounced sequence differences beween alleles and the results indicated that the evolution of this microsatellite has involved length mutations of the dinucleotide repeats as well as point mutations causing interruptions in the dinucleotide re

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1993.tb00310.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPolymorphic bands were detected within the DQB and DRB regions of the ovine major histocompatibility complex by probing TaqI digested DNA from three large sheep half‐sib families derived from a highly resistant ram. All animals were phenotypically assessed forHaemonchus contortusresistance by faecal egg counts and associations with RFLP bands and haplotypes were estimated using mixed model, best linear unbiased prediction statistical methods. Although the highly resistant sire was homozygous at the MHC, no significant associations were found between any band or haplotype and faecal egg coun

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1993.tb00311.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe major histocompatibility (B) complex of a distinct commercial pure White Leghorn chicken line was characterized using serological, biochemical and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) typing. Line B chickens displayed a high recombination frequency within theBcomplex. Three recombinant haplo‐types were identified. The influence of these haplotypes was determined in relation to the haplotypesBl9andB21on their resistance to Marek's disease (MD) in an experimental infection with the virus. Offspring of sires with a recombinant haplotype in combination withB19orB21, and dams, which were homozygousB19/B19orB21/B21were infected. TheBtype of the offspring had a significant effect upon survival. Animals withBcomplex typesB21/B21,B134/B21andB234/B21were relatively resistant to MD (24–32% mortality), whereasB19/B19birds were highly susceptible (68% mortality). Animals with a recombinant halpotypeB19r21(B‐G21,B‐F19) were equally susceptible to MD as birds with the completeB19haplotype. In contrast to earlier publications, resistance was not inherited as a dominant trait. Apparently,B19was associated with a dominant susceptibility. The gene(s) associated with theBcomplex and involved in resistance to MD were localized within theB‐F/B‐Lregion. However, the association with a presumably non‐coding subregion ofB‐Gcould

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1993.tb00312.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMicrosatellite sequences comprising (dC‐dA)n.(dG‐dT)nrepeats have been isolated from canine libraries and sequenced. Oligonucleotide primers have been synthesized to the micro‐satellite flanking sequences and used in the polymerase chain reaction to amplify those loci from genomic DNA. The degree of polymorphism of each microsatellite was estimated in a set of unrelated dogs. It is concluded that of the 10 loci studied, nine are sufficiently polymorphic to be useful in genetic st

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1993.tb00313.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY