摘要:

ABSTRACTUtilizing antibarbiturate serum in an indirect immunofluorescence system, phenobarbital has been detected in the central nervous system of mice given an overdose of drugs. Localization was primarily within neurons of the limbic system, caudate nucleus, cerebellum, cervical spinal cord and trigeminal ganglion. the technic may be of value in acquiring additional information about the barbiturates as well as being of value to the forensic pathologist.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1976.tb04352.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTypes of seizures, age, at onset of epilepsy, preoperative duration of epilepsy, and age at operation were studied in the literature and in 74 patients who underwent unilateral temporal lobe resection in 1960–1969 in Denmark. the medical and surgical series were compared. the age at onset was significantly lower in the surgical series. Prognostically favourable factors were: i) preoperative presence of a single type of seizure; ii) duration of epilepsy of less than 4 years, and in grand mal epilepsy of less than 1 year; iii) operation for epilepsy in or before early adulthood. Prognostically unfavourable factors were: i) preoperative presence of grand mal; ii) age at onset of epilepsy or of the first grand mal seizure between 5 and 20 years; iii) preoperative duration of psychomotor epilepsy over 10 year

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1976.tb04353.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThere has been a hypothesis that Hodgkin's disease in young adults and multiple sclerosis may have related causes because the age of clinical onset and the geographic distribution of both are similar. This hypothesis was tested for data in Denmark. Between 1943–62, the average annual incidence rate for Hodgkin's disease in Denmark was 2.25 per 100,000 population (2.68 male and 1.83 female). Between 1951–69, the average annual death rate for Hodgkin's disease was 2.15 per 100,000 (2.66 male and 1.64 female). the average annual incidence rate for multiple sclerosis in Denmark was calculated from age at onset for 2,481 prevalent cases of 1949, the 1940 population, and an average annual incidence of 128,86 cases for 1939‐45: the average annual incidence rate per 100,000 was then 3.35 (3.00 male and 3.69 female). Age specific incidence and death rates for Hodgkin's disease in Denmark each showed a bimodal curve, with one peak at age 25–29 and the other at age 70–74; this was found for each sex, with male rates consistently higher than female. the age specific incidence rates for multiple sclerosis were clearly unimodal with a peak at age 25–29 more definite in females than males. Rates for MS were notably higher for young females than males but about equal by sex for those over the age of 30. the geographic distribution of multiple sclerosis within the counties (amter) of Denmark was markedly non‐random, with the major concentration of high prevalence areas across middle Jutland and on to Fyn. Geographic distribution of Hodgkin's disease, whether for the young or the old, and whether from incident or death cases, showed no significant variation from a homogeneous distribution. In formal testing there was no correlation of any Hodgkin's distribution with that of MS. A review of the Hodgkin's data for distribution in the United States, on which the original hypothesis was based, suggests the variation there may be little more than reporting artifact. Accordingly, we conclude that there is no relation between distributions of these two disorders, and the factors they do appear to have in common are either quite non‐specific or of questionable validity. Thus there is no reason to believe that multiple sclerosis and Hodgkin's disease, even in the young, share a

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1976.tb04354.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT92 patients with Parkinson's disease not previously treated with levodopa were considered as eligible for this triple‐blind trial. Patients were allocated at random to treatment with either levodopa + benserazide ratio 4:1 (Madopar®) or levodopa + carbidopa ratio 10:1 (Sinemet®) using dosage schedules recommended by the manufacturers which they had to adhere to for 6 months. Unless prohibitive side‐effects occurred daily maximum dosages of 800 mg levodopa + 200 mg benserazide respectively 1,500 mg levodopa + 150 mg carbidopa were obtained after 6 weeks and 3 weeks, respectively. the effect of the two schedules on the Parkinsonian symptoms were equal and appeared equally fast. the frequency of gastrointestinal side‐effects and involuntary movements were significantly higher and more severe for Sinemct® than for Madopar®. These side effects are usually symptoms of levodopa overdosing, but whether or not a different dosage schedule with Sinemet would have given fewer side‐effects without concurrent lower efficacy remains open to speculation. the treatment schedules did not differ with regard to other side‐effects and influence on blood pressure. Neither treatment seemed to influence liver function, renal function and hematological parameters in a stat

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1976.tb04355.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe brains of 110 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) were examined by computer tomography (CT) with the fine matrix EMI scanner. In 41 cases (37 per cent) areas of low X‐ray attenuation were demonstrated with elective location in the white matter around the anterior and posterior horns of the lateral ventricles. These areas are postulated to represent the well‐known large periventricular plaques in MS. Contrast enhancement provided no further information. Cerebral plaques were concomitant to ventricular enlargement and/or cortical atrophy. Cerebral atrophy without demonstration of plaques was found in 50 cases (45 per cent) and only 19 patients (17 per cent) had normal CT scans. No difference was demonstrated between duration of disease or age at onset in plaque cases, atrophy cases and patients with normal EMI scans. the postulate regarding the nature of the low absorption areas in CT still awaits the verdict of future brain autops

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1976.tb04356.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTCross‐sectional as well as longitudinal studies on full‐term urban and rural infants demonstrated that the initial extensor plantar response present in the first half of the infancy changed to a flexor plantar response in the later half. the urban infants receiving nutritional supplements showed an advance of 4 weeks over the rural infants. This process of change‐over of plantar response was delayed in pre‐term infants. However, two pairs of twins showed plantar response almost identical to full‐term urba

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1976.tb04357.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTPropranolol administered i.v. to spastic patients was found to be capable of depressing clonus. the drug exerts its action on the spinal the cord but does not influence dynamic spindle activity or alpha‐motomneurone activity as tested by the T (Achilles tendon) and H reflexes. It may disinhibit the tonic stretch reflex. Thus, clonus is dependent not only on dynamic spindle activity but also on another, probably inhibitory, mechanis

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1976.tb04358.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Gangliosidoses.Edited by Bruno W. Volk and Larry Schneck.Walter Christian: Klinische Elektroenzephalographie.Grundriss der Neurophysiologie.Herausgeber: Schmidt, R. F. Mit Beiträgen von Dudel, J., Jänig, W., Schmidt, R. F., Zimmermann, M.Donald Scott: Understanding EEG.Tumores of the Spine and Spinal Cord, part 1.Handbook of Clinical NeurologyH. Heyck: Der Kopfschmerz. G. ThiemeProgress in Neurological Surgery, Vol. 6. Editors: H. Krayenbühl, P. E. Maspes&W. H. Sweet. S. KargerProgress in pediatric radiology.Skull, spine and contents.Neurosurgical Management of the Epilepsies.Advances in Neurology.Donald H. Ford: Anatomy of the central nervous system in review.Susan D. Iversen and Leslie L. Iversen: Behavioral Pharmacology.Dopaminergic mechanisms.Ed. by D. Calne, T. N. Chase and A. Barbeau.Neurological Pathophysiology.Ed. by S. G. Eliasson, A. Prensky&W. B. Hardin, Jr.Atlas of brain anatomy for EMI scans.Prepared by F. Shipps, J. T. Madeira, H. W. Huntington&R. D. Wing.Neurophysiology.Ed. by C. C. Hunt.Advances in Stereoencephalotomy.Handbook of Clinical Neurology.Ed. by P. J. Vinken and G. W. Bruyn.Progress in Neurobiology.Vol. 2. Ed. by G. Kerkut and J. W. Phillis.Dynamics of degeneration and growth in neurons.Ed. by K. Fuxe, L. Olsen Y. Zotterman.Blood flow and metabolism in the brain.Ed. by M. Harper, B. Jennett, D. Miller and J. Rowan.Viral diseases of the central nervous system.Ed. by L. S. Illis.Subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebrovascular spasm.Ed. by R. R. Smith and J. T. Robertson.J. Haase, H.‐D. Henatsch, R. Jung, P. Strata, V. Thoden:Muscle relaxants.Ed. by R. L. Katz.W. Loskota, P. Lomax, M. A. Verity: A stereotaxic atlas of the mongolian gerbil brain.Brain‐Endocrine Interaction II.Ed. by K. Knigge, D. E. Scott, H. Kobayashi, S. Ishii.R. Janzen: Neurologische Diagnostik, Therapie, Prognostik.GABA in Nervous System Function.Ed. by E. Roberts, T. N. Chase, D. B. Tower.Spina Bifida for the Clinician.Ed. by G. Brocklehurst.Progress in Neurobiology, Vol. 3. Ed. by G. Kerkut and J. Phillis.Medical Neurology.Sec. Edition. Ed. by J. Gilroy and J. S. Meyer.Progress in Neurobiology, Vol. 4. Ed. by G. Kerkut and J. P

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1976.tb04359.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY