摘要:

The influence on the cystometrogram of repeated filling and varying filling rates was studied in two groups of neurological patients, one with normal and one with uninhibited neurogenic bladder. A technique which permits an even bladder filling and a continuous recording of the intravesical pressure was used.The effect of repeated bladder filling without interval at a rate of 50 ml per min resulted in the following findings: In the normal bladder the intravesical pressure decreased at the second filling in three of the five patients. The bladder capacity remained unchanged in four of the five patients. In the uninhibited bladder, only a slight tendency to pressure decrease could be observed at the second filling in the 14 patients studied. The bladder capacity increased significantly (14 patients), while the amplitude of the uninhibited contraction was reduced (17 patients).These changes of the cystometric parameters could be avoided in both groups when an interval of 20 min was interposed between the fillings.Varying filling rates (range 10 to 90 ml per min) resulted in the following findings: The normal bladder responded to higher filling rates partly with pressure increase (3 out of 6 patients), partly with pressure decrease (2 patients) or with unchanged pressure (1 patient). The capacity was independent of the filling rate. In the uninhibited neurogenic bladder, the pressure response to higher filling rates was either unchanged (11 out of 16 patients), higher pressure (3 patients) or a reduced pressure (2 patients). The capacity of the uninhibited bladder was not influenced by the filling rate in 10 out of 16 patients. The capacity increased at higher filling rates in four patients, and decreased in one. The amplitude of the uninhibited detrusor contraction was not influenced by the filling rate in nine out of 18 patients. The amplitude increased in five and decreased in four patients at higher filling rates.The present results show that an interval of at least 20 min has to be interposed between the fillings when cystometry with high and non‐physiological filling rates is used for pharmacological studies. Otherwise, non‐specific results will frequently be obtained. The influence of the rate of filling is of less importance as long as one and the same rate is used in the same experime

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1981.tb04397.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to elucidate the parasympathetic activity of the uninhibited neurogenic bladder, controlled cystometry before and during influence of cholinergic and anticholinergic drugs has been performed on patients with normal and uninhibited neurogenic bladder. Cholinergic stimulation proved to increase the intravesical pressure to a great extent; to a higher degree in the normal than in the uninhibited bladder. In two patients with normal bladder, uninhibited detrusor contractions were induced by cholinergic stimulation. Cholinergic inhibition had only minor influence on the intravesical pressure during the filling phase. Opposite effects were obtained on the uninhibited detrusor contractions which are regarded as a part of the expulsive phase. Cholinergic stimulation increased the amplitude of the uninhibited bladder to some degree, but cholinergic inhibition markedly reduce the amplitude. Conclusively, the uninhibited neurogenic bladder is at least partly caused by an overactivity in cholinergic stimulation.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1981.tb04398.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A solid‐phase radioimmunoassay was developed for the detection of myelin basic protein antibodies of immunoglobulin G (IgG) class. Purified basic protein of myelin (MBP) was adsorbed onto polystyrene beads, followed by incubation in dilutions of serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).125I‐labelled anti‐human IgG was used to quantify antibodies bound to the solid‐phase. The assay was optimized in tests with rabbit antibodies to MBP and with125I‐labelled anti‐rabbit IgG.Serum and CSF specimens from 41 multiple sclerosis (MS), 16 subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and 58 control patients were tested for MBP antibodies. No statistically significant differences were found between MS and control patient groups, but the subgroup of acute MS patients had slightly elevated (P0.02) antibody levels in their CSF specimens. The SSPE patients had markedly elevated levels (P0.001) of antibodies to MBP in their CS

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1981.tb04399.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Glucose treatment prior to cerebral ischemia is followed by similar metabolic and hemodynamic recovery (Siemkowicz&Gjedde1980), and normalisation of brain extracellular ions (Siemkowicz&Hansen1981). In view of this, the present study investigated whether post‐ischemic hyperglycemia influenced recovery from cerebral ischemia.In rats which received 50% glucose during a 10 min period of cerebral ischemia, and which had a plasma glucose level of 28.5 mM after 10 min of recirculation, recovery was inferior to that of rats receiving either 8% NaCl or 0.9% NaCl (and hence the rats were normoglycemic).Furthermore, rats which had been rendered hyperglycemic (39 mM) prior to ischemia, and which had plasma glucose lowered to 15 mM by insulin treatment during ischemia, did not recover and died within 4 days. Conversely, rats with somewhat lower preischemic hyperglycemia (28 mM), and which had plasma glucose lowered to 12 mM by insulin treatment during ischemia, recovered as well as the normoglycemic rats.In conclusion, preischemic and postischemic hyperglycemia is detrimental to recovery from cerebral ischemi

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1981.tb04400.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have studied, as a possible marker of cholinergic neurons, the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 21 SDA patients and 9 controls of similar age with no neurological disease. The AChE activities were significantly lower in the SDA patients compared to the controls. The AChE activities were also lower in the most severely demented patients compared to those who were less severely demented but the difference was not statistically significant. As a potential glia marker, β‐glucuronidase activity in CSF was studied, but no significant difference was found in the activities of the SDA patients compared to the controls.The reduced AChE activities in the CSF of the SDA patients may be related to the loss of cholinergic neurons or disturbed cholinergic metabolism in the bra

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1981.tb04401.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY