摘要:

ABSTRACT –Regional and mean cerebral blood flow (rCBF, CBF) were measured by tomography of inhaled133Xe in 18 hemiparkinsonian patients before and after levodopa (L‐dopa). Baseline mean CBF was 55 ml/ (100 g × min) after an L‐dopa‐free interval of at least 10 h (range 10–13) and remained unchanged at 56.1 ml/ (100 g × min) after optimal clinical improvement was achieved by L‐dopa. However, L‐dopa reduced rCBF significantly (P<0.05) in the striatum contralateral to the symptomatic limbs. In patients with adverse reactions such as hyperkinesias and on/off symptoms, flow tended to increase bilaterally in striatum and often markedly in midline structures anatomically related to globus pallidus and thalamus.Compared with a normal population, the subcortical rCBF distribution was asymmetrical with a reduced flow (−18%) in the striatum contralateral to the symptomatic limbs and in midline structures anatomically related to globus pallidus and thalamus (‐12%). Cortical CBF was inverse related to the duration of Parkinson's disease (P<0.05), probably reflecting an increasing mental dete

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03198.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –A defined general population of 159,200 male and female native Swedes born in the period 1911–1940 from an urban catchment area of the then only general hospital, was followed over a decade (1970–79) with regard to in‐patient hospitalization for all kinds of diagnoses. As a part of this population cohort study, multiple sclerosis cases (n= 351) and epilepsy cases (n= 648) were studied for association with other diseases. Unexpectedly, a cluster of diseases encompassing tuberculosis, bronchial asthma, diabetes mellitus and myocardial infarction, among the diseases associated with multiple sclerosis, also forms a gradient; this suggests a quantitative rather than a qualitative multifactorial model of disease for the understanding of the pathogenesis of MS. In epilepsy, heterogeneity was suggested as being mainly linked to the presence or absence of co‐existing alcoholism. Brain tumours in cases of epilepsy were found almost exclusively in the latter subset and prevailing among younger people independent of sex (with an almost 100‐fold excess rate of that disease combination as expected by c

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03199.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –We investigated both the association between MAG‐positive cells and active natural killer cells stained by anti‐Leu‐11 and the percentage of MAG‐positive cells in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) by indirect immunofluorescence study. Eighty percent of MAG‐positive cells were stained with anti‐Leu‐11. The percentage of MAG‐positive cells of 41 healthy individuals was from 5.1 to 16.1% (8.5±2.7%). The percentage of Leu‐7‐positive cells (13.8 ± 4.9%) was always greater than that of MAG‐positive cells. In 5 of 17 samples from 14 patients with MS, the percentage of MAG‐positive cells was reduced. This finding was not related to disease activity and was not a pathognomonic feature of MS. The percentage of Leu‐7‐positive cells in patients with MS was not statistically different from that in healthy individuals; however, 4 patients showed a normal number of Leu‐7‐positive cells and a reduced number of MAG‐positive cells. These studies suggest that MAG‐positive cells are closely related to active natural killer cells and that “MAG” is a

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03200.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –Clinical signs of neuropathy, vibratory perception thresholds, nerve conduction velocities, and distal motor latencies were compared in 81 patients with chronic renal failure. During treatment with low protein diets (LPD), the vibratory thresholds correlated better with the clinical grading of the neuropathy than did the conduction velocities or the distal motor latencies, while during hemodialysis (HD), the situation was the reverse. The vibratory threshold on the foot was the single most useful test, since it correlated with the clinical grading of the neuropathy both during LPD and HD, and both between and within patient

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03201.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –Clinical neurological examination, nerve conduction velocity measurements, and quantitative tests of thermal and vibratory sensitivity were performed in 64 non‐diabetic uremic patients, who were all treated with chronic maintenance dialysis. Clinical or neurographic signs of neuropathy were found in 83% of the patients. The most common abnormalities were reduced nerve conduction velocity, increased vibratory perception threshold, loss of tendon reflexes, and impaired temperature sensibility. Hypesthesia to pinprick or touch, or paresis were rarely found and none of them was ever the first sign of neuropathy. Thermal sensation was abnormal in 30% of the patients, which is a much higher prevalence than that which has previously been reported. There were no significant correlations between measures of thermal sensation and measures of large fibre dysfunction. Impaired thermal discrimination was the first sign of neuropathy in 15% of the patients. This indicates that a small fibre uremic neuropathy may exist as a separate ent

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03202.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –The case histories and clinical studies are given of 7 consanguineous patients, 4 adults and 3 children, with a rather uniform clinical picture of non‐progressive cerebellar ataxia manifesting in early childhood. Most patients have in addition slight spastic signs, short stature and normal intelligence.There are no signs of other organ pathology, biochemical aberrations, endocrine‐ or immunopathology. CT‐scan and PEG show cerebellar atrophy. The pedigree analysis indicates an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. The condition falls between the ataxic syndromes in the cerebral palsy range and the heredo‐ataxias. Until now, no similar disorders seems to have been

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03203.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –A sensitive fluorimetric method was used for the assay of 2′, 3‘‐cyclic nucleotide 3′‐phosphohydrolase (CNP) activity of lymphocyte, granulocyte and erythrocyte membranes from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The data obtained were compared with the corresponding data from normal individuals. CNP activities of granulocyte and erythrocyte membranes of the 2 groups did not differ significantly. However, a 40 % decreased membrane CNP activity of MS lymphocytes was found when the data were compared with the normal lymphocytes' activity (P<0.0005) by both the non‐parametric median test and Student'st‐test. A role of CNP in immunoregulati

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03204.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –A Finnish pedigree comprising 13 members in 3 generations with recurrent brachial plexus neuropathy is described. The disease was characterized by repeated attacks of pain in the upper limb/shoulder region, followed by muscle weakness and atrophy. The first episode usually occurred in childhood after a mild infection. Symptoms varied in intensity and seldom left marked neurological deficiencies. Patients had typical features including hypotelorism, small palpebral fissures and a small oral opening. The distribution of the affected members in the pedigree was compatible with autosomal dominant inheritance with high penetrance. Despite the limitation of the symptoms to the upper limbs, sural nerve biopsy showed tomaculous neuropathy in an affected member of the family. The structural changes of tomaculous neuropathy probably reflect a genetically determined generalized abnormality of the Schwann cells predisposing the patients to the recurrent palsies by exogenous factor

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03205.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –A neuropsychological study of 12 patients with transient ischemic attacks from the carotid artery territory was carried out about 2 months following their latest attack, about a week before STA/MCA bypass operation, and again 3 months postoperatively. The results suggest that the TIA patients as a group were slightly intellectually impaired preoperatively. After the operation, a minor neuropsychological improvement had taken place although they still were not fully intellectually rehabilitate

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03206.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –R‐R variations in the ECG were studied as a sign of autonomic dysfunction in 44 non‐diabetic patients with terminal uraemia treated with intermittent haemodialysis. A severe impairment of this parasympathetic vagal reflex was found though there were only mild signs of diffuse polyneuropathy. No acute effect was associated with haemodialysis. There was no correlation between either the R‐R variations and the polyneuropathy‐index or the total dialysis time. Patients with chronic glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis and polycystic kidney disease were equally

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03207.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY