摘要:

ABSTRACT –15 years' experience with Parkinson's disease treated with levodopa was compared to the 15 years before the advent of levodopa. Progression to severe disability and death was prolonged, at each stage of severity, by 3 to 5 years. At each duration of illness, the percentage of patients with severe disability was reduced significantly. There was some indication that independence was prolonged by early treatment. Life expectancy was increased to approximately that of the unaffected population. However, especially with patients with onset of disease before the age of 50, fluctuations of therapeutic response and severe abnormal involuntary movements interfered with satisfactory therapeutic results. Supplemental bromocriptine produced a smoother therapeutic response and decreased “off” period dystonia and leg pains in over 70% of patients. At dosages below 20 mg daily, it was not particularly effective in severely affected disabled patients. Adverse reactions prevented the use of bromocriptine in less than 20% of pat

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03173.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –Of many exogenous causes, difficult birth, neonatal asphyxia, and coiling of the umbilical cord might be identified as risk factors predicting an initial febrile convulsion. Children with febrile convulsions and exogenous causes are likely to have affected family members, and have a risk of recurrence of seizures on 5 occasions or more. Exogenous causes alone barely raise the risk of recurrence of febrile convulsions after 3 years of age or development of afebrile convulsions. The incidence of exogenous causes is highest in children who develop afebrile convulsions after febrile convulsions, and lowest in children who experience only febrile convulsions, although a little higher than in normal control

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03174.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –In 3 groups of 4 dogs with normotensive, induced‐hypotensive and induced‐hypertensive blood pressure respectively, continuous expansion of an extradural supratentorial balloon led to respiratory arrest at inflation volumes which increased with increasing blood pressure. This positive correlation between the volume tolerance to an expanding lesion and blood pressure was also found in similar experiments on 4 hypotensive and 4 hypertensive cats.Monitoring cerebrospinal fluid pressures in the cerebral lateral ventricles, in the posterior fossa and in the spinal subarachnoid space showed that absolute pressures in the various compartments as well as the intercompartmental pressure gradients at the moment of respiratory arrest were increased in proportion to the level of the systemic arterial pressure in each case. These observations do not support current concepts that brain‐stem distortion alone or that stimulation of baroreceptors in the posterior fossa are responsible for eliciting the Cushing response. The fact that the supratentorial perfusion pressure was the only parameter which did not differ significantly under the different experimental conditions suggests that the mechanism responsible for the respiratory arrest is local brain tissue ischemia, probably near the tentorial incisure. The magnitude of gain in volume tolerance, when mean arterial pressure was varied from 60 mmHg to 190 mmHg, was 87% suggesting that the blood pressure may have a critical role in an intracranial lesion. These findings have clinical impli

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03175.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –Levels of tryptophan (TRP), 5‐hydroxytryptophan (5‐HTP), 5‐hydroxy‐tryptamine (5‐HT), and 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5‐HIAA) in human lumbar and ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured by reversed phase liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection. The levels of TRP ranged from 1593 to 4865 nmol/l in ventricular (VF) and from 1257 to 2557 nmol/l in lumbar CSF. The level of 5‐HTP varied from 1.1 to 68.9 nmol/l in VF and from 5.3 to 10.8 nmol/l in lumbar CSF; no previous reports of 5‐HTP levels in CSF exist. The serotonin level was 1.9–27.3 nmol/l in VF and 5.7–12.0 nmol/l in lumbar CSF. The levels of 5‐HIAA were considerbaly higher in VF than in lumbar fluid with respective means of 498 ± 52.4 nmol/l and 112 ± 15.6 nmol/l (P<0.001). An oral dose of 2 g L‐tryptophan significantly increased all indole levels except that of 5‐HT, both in patients with progressive myo

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03176.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –Binding of3H‐folic acid to a protein in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was studied in equilibrium dialysis experiments at 37°C and pH 7.4. The binding was of a high‐affinity type (1010l/mol), and the relative molecular mass of the protein was 25,000 as determined by gel filtration. The concentration of folate binding protein in CSF, expressed as maximum folate bound per 1, was 0.3 nmol/l. This value was of the same order of magnitude as that of

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03177.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –The data for 125 patients with Spielmeyer‐Sjögren's disease is presented. Antioxidant therapy was given to 49. 27 received a combination of vitamin E, vitamin C, methionine and BHT. As the disease began to progress, the treatment was changed to a combintion of sodium selenite and vitamin E in 14 of the 27 patients. The same therapy was also given to 22 children who had not received previous antioxidant supplementation. The number of positive and negative responses was nearly equal in the 2 treatment groups. However, the quality of the response was better in the selenite group and it has been possible in some cases to stop for several years, at least, the deterioration which began during the original the

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03178.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –Two cases of aseptic meningitis with simultaneous presence of antibodies to lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) and mumps viruses were observed. In the 1st patient antibodies to both viruses appeared in sera and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The 2nd patient displayed rising serum antibodies to both viruses and CSF antibodies to mumps virus. Immunological findings and clinical features of the patients are discusse

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03179.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –Optic Neuritis (ON) proceeds to multiple sclerosis (MS) in a considerable number of patients. The blink reflex (BR) and somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) are useful non‐invasive tests that can detect silent lesions in the central nervous system in patients with clinically suspect MS. In the present study, the BR and SSEP were done in 20 healthy controls and 20 patients with ON. Abnormalities of the SSEP were seen in 20%, and of the BR in 30% of the patients with ON. On combining the results of SSEP and BR studies, 45% of the ON patients were seen to have abnormalities. Over a short period of follow‐up, 2 of the 20 ON patients developed clinical MS and both of them had had abnormalities of the BR. These findings suggest that ON proceeding to MS in India may be more common than suspected at pr

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03180.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –9 patients with Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth Disease (CMTD) of intermediate type (PMA type II, 10), all from the same family, presented with a significant increase of the interpeak N9‐N13 latency. This increase is already present in the pre‐symptomatic phase of the disease and there is no significant difference between the various patients of different ages and clinical severity, indicating that the lesions appears very early and tends to establish itself equally early. Similar behaviour is also seen in the distal conduction velocity along the sensitive fibres, while the more proximal areas seem to be relatively spared. The authors interpret these data as an expression of a distal central peripheral sensory neuropathy. In contrast, the lesion of the peripheral motor fibres, particularly in the legs, has a different and more severe pattern of evolution. Alterations in central conduction time (N13‐N20) were not seen in any of the 9 patie

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03181.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –37 patients with diabetic neuropathy were randomized into 2 equal groups and given daily doses of 200 mg or 50 mg of Sorbinil® ‐ a potent aldose‐reductase inhibitor ‐ in a double‐blind 4‐week period between 2 periods on placebo. The purpose was to assess the role of the drug on various neurophysiological parameters and its clinical effect. No difference was shown either in the placebo periods compared to Sorbinil treatment or between the 2 groups on the neurophysiological parameters but there was a statistically significant effect on overall subjective well‐being. The drug had no side‐effects in t

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03182.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY