摘要:

ABSTRACT –Central nervous system involvement occurred in 28 of 121 patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The major risk factor in this AIDS population was intravenous drug abuse (64%). A neurologic symptom or disability was the principal reason for hospitalization in 16 cases (57%). Three patients had primary lymphoma of the brain and the remainder had opportunistic infections. Patients with focal neurological features usually had toxoplasmosis. Progressive headache and meningeal signs occurred with cryptococcosis. A progressive subacute dementia was probably due to cytomegalovirus. Other infections included atypical mycobacteria, candida, herpes zoster and possible progressive multifocal leukoencephalopath

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03211.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –Critical flicker frequencies (CFF) were compared with the latencies of visual pattern reversal evoked potentials (VEP) in 2 groups of MS patients to evaluate the value of CFF in electrophysiological diagnostics of demyelination of the optic tract. A microprocessor‐based device was constructed to obtain CFF thresholds with a 2‐alternative forced‐choice method. VEP latency was more frequently pathological than CFF, but CFF was abnormal in 2 optic neuritis patients with normal VEP. The frequency of pathological CFF and VEP was different in the patient group with a long history of MS compared with the new cases; in the freshly diagnosed group, CFF had a better diagnostic yield compared to the patients with a longer

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03212.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –IgG antibody of cerebro‐spinal fluid (CSF) and serum IgM antibody were determined by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 3 patients with herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE).The ELISA detected the early rise of IgG antibody for herpes simplex virus (HSV) in CSF on the 3rd/4th day from onset of symptoms and IgM antibody in serum similarly on the 3rd/4th day, respectively. CSF albumin, IgG index and daily IgG synthesis during the early phase of HSVE showed significantly high levels. However, there was no significant increase of complement‐fixing antibody and neutralizing antibody for HSV of serum and CSF in 2 of 3 patients.The ELISA turned out to be a more sensitive and convenient test for the early diagnosis

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03213.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –In order to approach the mechanism of chronic or relapsing course in human chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, we established a chronic model of experimental allergic neuritis (EAN) in juvenile guinea pigs, and investigated the underlying cellular immune phenomenon in comparison with acute EAN in adult animals of the same strain.Two‐week‐old Hartley guinea pigs, sensitized with bovine peripheral nerve homogenate, developed chronic or relapsing EAN, whereas all adult animals developed acute monophasic EAN. Morphological examination of both the chronic and acute forms revealed scattered demyelination and mononuclear cell infiltrates which were essentially restricted to the peripheral nervous system, and indistinguishable from each other. Both thein vitrolymphocyte mitogenic response andin vivoskin testing revealed a significantly lower response to neuritogenic antigens (P2protein and peripheral nerve myelin) in juvenile chronic EAN than in adult acute EAN throughout their respective courses. In addition, we showed, by means of assessing peripheral blood lymphocyte number and its subpopulations, that normal 2‐week‐old Hartley guinea pigs have not fully developed immunologically.These observations suggested that there was some immunological incompetence especially in cellular immunity in 2‐week‐old juvenile guinea pigs and that this might be one possible factor leading t

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03214.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –Autonomically mediated cardiovascular responses were evaluated in 15 ALS patients and compared with 15 healthy subjects. The respiratory sinus arrhythmia, the heart rate response to a Valsalva manoeuvre, to isometric handgrip and to a dive reflex test was normal, indicating a normal function of vagal nerves. The heart rate and blood pressure responses during an orthostatic test were normal, indicating a normal function of sympathetic nerves.The increase in blood pressure and blood flow in the contralateral forearm which occurs on handgrip in healthy subjects was reduced in the ALS patients. The cause of this is unclear, but could be related to decreased function of “ergoreceptors” or altered vascular reactivity in atrophic m

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03215.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –A severe rapidly progressive neuropathy is described in 4 young male adults with end‐stage renal failure, 3 of whom had accelerated hypertension. The onset of symptoms developed after regular haemodialysis had been started and in all 4 patients was closely associated with a septicaemic illness. In 2 patients, renal transplantation led to considerable clinical improvement, and in a third patient charcoal haemoperfusion halted further clinical progression of the neuropathy. This improvement was not reflected by the nerve conduction studies which remained grossly impaired. A possible ischaemic aetiology related to accelerated hypertension and septicaemia is suggested for this unusual variant of uraemic neuropa

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03216.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –Serum concentrations of vitamin D metabolites were measured in 30 epileptic outpatients on monotherapy with carbamazepine before and during treatment with either vitamin D2or vitamin D3, 4000IU per day for 24 weeks. Vitamin D2treatment increased the serum concentration of 25OHD2, but a corresponding decrease in 25OHD3resulted in an unchanged serum value of total 25OHD. Vitamin D3treatment increased the serum concentration of 25OHD3. The resulting serum level of 25OHD was consequently twice the level of that in the D2‐treated group. The serum concentrations of the dihydroxy metabolites showed a similar difference between the 2 treatment groups.We conclude that treatment with vitamins D2and D3in the same doses produces considerably different serum concentrations of vitamin D metabolites. If the present findings can be extrapolated to normal subjects, it is important to consider more carefully which D‐vitamin should be used, both with regard to therapy and supplement

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03217.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –We studied the distribution of MS cases in the county of Hordaland, Western Norway. The total MS population comprised 426 patients.The prevalence on January 1st, 1963, and on January 1st, 1983, and the average annual incidence in the period 1963–1982 were all lower in the coastal area compared to the inland area.An increase in incidence started in the urban area and was followed some 10 years later in the rural area.The Knox method revealed no statistically significant evidence of clustering either for time/place of onset or for time/place of birth. Indications of clustering according to year of onset were, however, observed in the rural a

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03218.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –Peripheral white blood cell (WBC) count was determined in 95 patients with ischemic cerebral infarction 3 days after the onset of the stroke. At this time, higher WBC counts were found in patients with more severe neurological impairment and larger infarct size. A relationship between increase of WBC count and poor clinical outcome was also demonstrated. The elevation of peripheral WBC count observed soon after cerebral infarction reflects the degree of the inflammatory response in the acute hase and seems to have a direct relationship with the extent of the local cerebral damag

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03219.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –A patient with a type of myoclonus produced by somatosensory and photic stimuli was studied electrophysiologically. Jerk‐locked averaging showed cortical spikes in association with the spontaneous myoclonus. High amplitude somatosensory evoked potentials and high amplitude visual evoked potentials were observed. Somatosensory and photic stimuli produced 2 or 3 successive electromyographic (EMG) discharges. The time interval from the onset of the preceding EMG discharge to that of the following EMG discharge produced by photic stimulation corresponded to the latency of a long‐loop reflex. It also corresponded to the time interval from the onset of the preceding EMG discharge to that of the following EMG discharge produced by somatosensory stimulation. Not only somatosensory but also photic stimuli might excite the loop of a long‐loop reflex and cause myocloni

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03220.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY