摘要:

The safety of a blood lead concentration of 70 μg/100 ml as a hygienic border value with regard to development of lead neuropathy was tested in 95 employees, who had been exposed occupationally to lead for more than 9 years. The blood lead concentration was slightly above the border value in nine subjects, while the erythrocyte‐Zn‐protoporphyrin concentration was significantly elevated in 81 subjects, indicating an abnormal accumulation of metabolically active lead. None of the group showed clinical evidence of peripheral neuropathy, and the vibratory perception thresholds as well as motor conduction data from the median, radial, and common peroneal nerves were normal, as compared with an age‐matched control group of 21 non‐exposed normal subjects. The amplitude ratio between proximally and distally evoked muscle action potentials was normal in all lead‐exposed subjects. These findings suggest that lead‐exposed subjects are well protected against peripheral lead neuropathy, when blood lead levels are kept below the hygienic

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1982.tb03083.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The course of multiple sclerosis was monitored by means of a long‐term prospective study. This paper reports on first results from this study, covering 102 patients who were monitored for 2 years or more and examined regularly. It is attempted to quantify the extent of the worsening or improvement in the patients’clinical status over the period of observation using regression analysis techniques. The severity of the disease did not correlate to the period of observation in 15% of the cases, these displaying no progression with regard to the clinical signs. In most cases (32%) a description of the disease progression was possible by means of a linear regression line, 21% had a parabolic and 23.5% an increasingly progressive course. For nine patients a second or third degree polynomial regression curve could be used to describe the course of the disease. The individual progression of the disease as estimated using the linear regression coefficient did not correlate with the individual relapse rate (on average 1.1 per year), nor with the age of the patient, the severity of the multiple sclerosis, the duration of the illness or with the previous course of the dise

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1982.tb03084.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The concentrations of dopamine and noradrenaline were determined in some limbic, cortical, striatal and mesencephalic regions of 12 humans. The highest concentrations of dopamine were found in the neostriatum and in the nucleus accumbens. Lower but significant values were detected in the globus pallidus, the substantia perforata anterior, the substantia nigra and in the region medial to the substantia nigra (area A 10). The concentrations of noradrenaline were generally low with the highest values in the area A 10 and the substantia perforata anterior.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1982.tb03085.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have investigated some short‐latency components of the SEP in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease involving either the supratentorial somesthesic pathways, the thalamus, or the parietal cortex, as shown by CT scan. Our findings suggest an infra‐thalamic origin of P15, whereas the generators of N20‐P‐25 might be localized in the parietal cortex or, for N20, in the subcortical part of the thalamo‐cortical radiations.We also concluded that changes of N20 were related to loss of position sense in patients with cerebrovascula

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1982.tb03086.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

One hundred and seven patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis were followed for an average of 5 years. In 100 patients it was possible to evaluate the effect of treatment with steroids or a combination of steroids and immunosuppressive drugs. Fifty patients improved, 50 did not. Compared with the treatment‐resistant group the treatment‐responsive patients were of younger age, did not have an associated malignancy or cardiac disease and began treatment within 24 months after the onset of muscular weakness. In the treatment‐responsive group the degree of improvement was correlated to the mean dose of steroids given during the first 3 months of treatment. Eighty‐seven per cent of surviving responsive patients had no or slight disability at the end of the investigation. The mortality rate was 23% and was highest in the treatment‐resistant group. Comparison between different treatment programs was possible and based on the results, a treatment schedule could be recommended. The principles of this schedule are: During the first month high doses of prednisone or prednisolone should be given daily. From the second month, an alternate‐day administration can be employed. Tapering to maintenance dose should be gradual and slow. The treatment period should be long. The mean duration in the present series wa

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1982.tb03087.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Gastrointestinal investigation of 14 adult patients with polymyositis disclosed coeliac disease in five. The inflammatory myopathy in our patients is not the same as the myopathy often seen in coeliac disease with osteomalacia. One patient has been free from both gastrointestinal and muscular symptoms for 5 years on a gluten‐free diet alone. The findings strongly suggest an association between polymyositis and adult coeliac diseas

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1982.tb03088.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

There is good evidence to suggest a role for immunological factors in the pathogenesis of polymyositis although the exact mechanism and type of immunological disorder is unknown. The specific cellular and humoral hypersensitivity to muscle antigens described is most likely to represent an epiphenomenon.Thirty‐three patients with polymyositis, with or without skin involvement, were investigated for the presence of circulating immune complexes: positive results were obtained in 70% of the grou

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1982.tb03089.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Examinations with directional Doppler (DD) with 10 MHz transducer, and pulsed Doppler in combination with two‐dimensional sector scanner with 3 MHz transducer (Duplex) were carried out on 100 vessels in 51 patients with transitory ischemic attacks (TIA) and minor stroke within the territory of the internal carotid artery before angiography. The question at issue was to evaluate the accuracy of both methods in discriminating between occlusion and stenosis. A correct diagnosis was made by DD in 92 vessels out of 100 and by Duplex in 98 out of 100. All nine occlusions were correctly diagnosed by Duplex, but only five of them by DD, while the four remaining vessels were considered as stenosis>50%. Out of 15 stenoses>50%, 14 were correctly detected by Duplex and 11 by DD. One patient with tortuous vessel without stenosis was classified as>50% stenosis by Duplex, and one vessel with 1 mm lumen was called occlusion by Duplex and DD. In conclusion, the Duplex scanner offers increased possibility to differ between high‐grade stenosis and occlusion of the carotid arteries as compared with earlier non‐invasive techn

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1982.tb03090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Clinical data and the prognosis are presented for an epidemiological group of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Symptoms and signs of MS, with the exception of optic nerve involvement, were less frequent in the group of 221 patients from the epidemiological area of Southern Lower Saxony than in the hospital series (n= 1837), although the mean duration of the disease was somewhat longer in the epidemiological group. Fifty‐two percent of the latter were unrestricted or minimally restricted upon examination compared to 26% of the hospital group. Taking a progression index as a measure for prognosis (disability grade divided by the duration of the disease) 36% of the epidemiological group belonged to a benign category compared to 16% in the hospital group. The progress of these patients was not more than 1 grade of disability within a 5‐year‐period (progression index 0.2 or less). A malignant course was defined as a progression of at least 7 grades during a 5‐year period (progression index 1.4 or more). Ten percent of the hospital series belonged to this category compared to 2% of the epidemiological group.Thus data from a representative group of patients show that the overall prognosis of MS is considerably better than generally su

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1982.tb03091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seventeen patients, 13 males and 4 females, with moderate to severe spasticity caused by varying neurological disorders attended a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial to determine the efficacy and safety of dantrolene sodium. Three patients discontinued, two because of side effects and one because of a laboratory abnormality. In the fourteen subjects who completed the trial there was a statistically significant decrease in resistance to passive stretch, clonus and hyperreflexia without significant reduction of muscle strength. A positive clinical effect was observed in ten patients while a very slight or no effect was seen in four cases. All patients reported adverse reactions during the dantrolene period, six patients during the placebo treatment. Six patients wanted to go on with dantrolene after the trial. On many occasions the urine of the patients turned bright yellow with high doses of dantrolene. It is concluded that dantrolene sodium is an effective antispastic drug in about one‐third of patients who suffer from spasticity of varying eti

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1982.tb03092.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY