摘要:

AbstractReport on a prospective longitudinal study of alterations in polygraphic sleep by phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy. A first dose of 100mg already caused abbreviation of sleep latency and an increase of slow‐wave sleep in the first NREM‐REM cycle. In the course of adjustments to steady state, an increase of Stage 3 + 4 sleep in the later REM cycles developed, such that the percentage of slow‐wave sleep for the whole night was also augmented, whereas the percentage of light sleep decreased. Sleep structure was affected particularly in the third NREM‐REM cycle. With continuing therapy, however, these effects were reversed. The only permanent effect was an abbreviated sleep latency. There were only minimal differences in the response of generalized and of localization‐related epilepsies. Serum drug levels had only a very limited influence, seizure control and length of follow‐up had no influence on the results. As a collateral finding, a delayed further decrease of epileptic discharges during sleep was observed under long‐term conditions in patients who were seizure‐free and had been so since adjustment to t

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03561.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe study includes analysis of 498 post‐mortems of stroke patients treated in the Department of Vascular Diseases of the CNS Warsaw, in the years 1974–1985. In that group, gastrointestinal complications were found in 120 cases (24.09%) which included 82 cases of ischaemic focus in the brain and 38 cases of haemorrhagic focus due to cerebral haemorrhage. Of the 120 patients with gastrointestinal complications 75 (63.5%) had massive haemorrhage into the lumen of the alimentary tract; in half, gastrointestinal haemorrhage had occurred within 7 days of the stroke. No statistically significant correlation was observed between the type of mucosal lesion and the site of ischaemic or haemorrhagic lesion in the br

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03562.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRed blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) show decreased adherence to myelin basic protein (MBP) immobilized on plastic surfaces compared to the binding of cells from patients with other neurological diseases (OND), or such other autoimmune diseases as psoriasis (PS), and to that of healthy controls (HC). No similar phenomenon occurred to basic and non‐basic type proteins other than MBP, for example, to histone (HIS), lysozyme (LYS) and ovalbumin (OVA). Thus, decreased adherence of RBC and WBC in MS patients to MBP appears to be a unique feature of the disease if compared with OND or P

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03563.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAdherence of red blood cells from SJL mice suffering of chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis was studied to myelin basic protein coated microtiter plates. Control animals received either bovine serum albumine or “protein‐antigen free” adjuvant using the same immunization protocol. Characteristic changes in adherence were found in bovine or human myelin basic protein injected animals compared to the bovine serum albumine immunized group. After a nonspecific increase in adherence between Days 2 to 6 observed in all 3 groups, in the encephalitogen challenged animals on Days 13–14 a marked decrease in red blood cell adherence was detected which maintained at this decreased level during the clinically active stage of the disease and reappeared with the relapse of EAE. No such decreased adherence of red blood cells was observed in BSA immunized animals or in adherence of cells from myelin basic protein injected animals to other basic type protein such as histone. Thus, decreased adherence of red blood cells in animals with EAE appears to be an interestingly unique measure of the disease a

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03564.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAll patients over the age of 60 who experienced seizures between 1979–83, were registered. The number of deaths was registered until July 2, 1985. Included were 162 patients who received no anti‐epileptic drugs prior to the study period; 87 patients had established epilepsy at the time of admission. The number of deaths among previously untreated patients significantly exceeded expectation. Mortality was not significantly correlated to severity of epilepsy. In patients with brain tumor all but one died within the first year. Mortality among patients with postapoplectic seizures was significantly higher than expected being especially during the first year. Numbers of deaths among patients with seizures of unknown cause did not differ from the expected, neither did causes of death. Numbers of deaths in patients with established epilepsy at the time of admission was significantly higher than expected although none had malignant tumours and only 4 had postapoplectic seizures thus illustrating the influence of selecting patients with chronic active epilepsy. Eleven patients died suddenly and unexpectedly of unknown cause, which was more than expected. These patients were found dead under circumstances compatible with death occurring during seizure. Epilepsy was mentioned on the death certificate in only one case, indicating that the frequency of sudden, unexpected death among epileptics could easily be underestima

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03565.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEleven patients with severe Parkinson's disease and on‐off‐phenomena were included in a controlled double‐blind study on the effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Pharmacological treatment was optimally adjusted before the trial. The severity of extrapyramidal symptoms was measured before, during and after the treatment. The patients were randomly allocated into one group, receiving active ECT and another, receiving sham treatment. The patients given active ECT showed significantly (P<0.05) prolonged duration of “on”‐phases after ECT, in comparison to the sham‐treated group. When collecting data from the controlled part of the study and the subsequent with open administration of ECT, the treatment was in addition found to significantly decrease the time and number of steps required to walk 10 meters. Moreover it reduced the severity of parkinsonian symptoms according to the Webster scale. The improvement induced by ECT was generally short‐lasting. Lumbar punctures were performed before and after ECT. The concentrations of mcnoamine metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid were not affected by the treatment. The results indicate that ECT has an antiparkinsonian effect which probably is mediated via changed responsiveness of dopamine receptors and that further improvement is possible in patients, therapy resistant to the presently avail

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03566.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFifteen parkinsonian patients previously untreated with levodopa were treated with daily doses of 200 mg Madopar and randomized to addition of 10 mg selegiline (1‐deprenyl) in a double‐blind, placebocontrolled, crossover trial. According to the patients own evaluations 6 reported additional therapeutic effect from selegiline to Madopar; 2 reported possible additional effect, whereas a further 6 reported no improvement; 1 did not complete the trial. Statistically significant positive therapeutic effect of selegiline could not be found on Webster's rating scale or on a sensimotoric test designed for parkinsonian disabilities. Side effects of selegiline were minimal. It is concluded that selegiline may be of some value in addition to levodopa in early treatment of parkinsonian patients, but positive therapeutic effect has to be tested individually. Even in these patients the additional therepeutic effect of selegiline to levodopa seems to be quantitatively sm

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03567.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInterviews on changes in the menstrual cycle were taken from 38 women of fertile age, several years after immunosuppressive treatment (IS) with prednisone and cyclophosphamide (CP) for definite multiple sclerosis (MS). Serum FSH, LH and 17‐β‐oestradiol levels were determined at the time of interview. MS in itself did not change the experience of menstrual cycles; 17 patients developed hypergonadotrophic amenorrhea during or after IS. Symptoms related to climacterium (c. q. flushing) were present in 15 of these patients. The onset of amenorrhea depended on the age at the time of IS and on the cumulative dose of CP. Older patients developed amenorrhea at a lower cumulative dose of CP than did younger patients. High estrogen oral contraceptives are advocated in oncology to prevent disturbance of ovarian function by anti‐mitotic treatment. This policy is advisable in female MS patients treated with drugs like CP or azathi

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03568.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractParalytic poliomyelitis presenting with quadriparesis, transient encephalitis and bulbar symptoms in 2 patients in close contact with recently vaccinated childred with trivalent live oral polio vaccine is described. Symmetrical lower motor neuron involvement of deltoid muscles with electromyographic confirmation was found. Upper motor neuron signs, with symmetrical hyperactive deep tendon reflexes developed in the lower extremities. Poliovirus Type‐2 vaccine‐like strain was cultured from one patient and both patients showed significant antibody tilers rises to poliovirus. Attention is drawn to the possible clinical differences between vaccine associated poliomelitis and the usual features found in wild strain poliomyelitis. It is suggested that in selected cases, non‐immunized contacts be given inactivated polio‐vaccine when the vaccinees are immunized with the live oral

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03569.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case is reported of a 29‐yr‐old female with attacks of aphasia/ dysphasia over a period of several months which lasted days to weeks accompanied by a dysphoric state. The patient was for long regarded as endogenous depressive with a hysterical speech disorder. However, the diagnosis of epilepsy was finally made based on generalized attacks, appropriate EEG changes, and the response to anti‐epileptic th

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03570.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY