ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1979.tb07668.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Regional cerebral blood flow was measured with the intra‐arterial 133 Xenon clearance technique using a multidetector device in 11 patients undergoing carotid angiography (with normal findings). During the flow studies the patients were awake and strict resting conditions were observed. The patients did not move or speak, and sensory stimulation was kept at a minimum. It was confirmed that the distribution of the grey matter blood flow showed a hyperfrontal pattern, the flow in frontal regions being significantly (20‐40 %) higher than in postcentral, occipital and temporal regions. There were no technical factors or morphological features of the telencephalon which could explain this difference. It was also shown that the distribution of the white matter flow and the relative weight of the grey matter corresponded in general to hemisphere morphology.Since in normal nervous tissue the blood flow is regulated by the neuronal activity, the following interpretation is given of the main finding. The hyperfrontal flow distribution of the grey matter (cortical) flow during resting wakefulness shows that there is a high activity in frontal “efferent” (motor‐behavior) regions. At the same time there is a low activity in post‐central and temporal “afferent” (sensory‐gnostic) cortical areas. The high frontal activity suggests that in the resting conscious state ‐ unaccompanied by movements, speech or behavioral reactions ‐ the brain is active with an anticipatiory “simulation of behavior”. The low postcentral flow, on the other hand, may possibly be related to a global inhibition of the sensory input. Several clinical as well as general biologic arguments are forwarded to support this interpretation.It is further pointed out that the hyperfrontal distribution of the resting activity in the cerebral cortex correlates to the resting EEG, in which lower frequencies (the alpha rhythm) predominate in postcentral and temporal regions where there is a low flow/activity, and high frequencies in frontal areas where the blood flow is high. This is in agreement with the finding that the blood flow and metabolism of the brain correlate to

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1979.tb02947.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen uptake were studied during severe arterial hypoxia in anesthetized dogs. It was shown that the hypoxic vasodilatation in the brain reaches a limit at an arterial oxygen saturation at about 25 % and that this vasodilatation is less than that which may be induced by hypercapnia. A further deepening of the arterial hypoxia at a maintained cerebral perfusion pressure is combined with a continuous decrease in cerebral venous oxygen tension and a reduced oxygen uptake.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1979.tb02948.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of extreme, prolonged arterial hypoxia on cerebral blood flow, oxygen uptake and intracranial pressure was studied in anesthetized dogs. The experiments were performed along two lines. Both started with a period of hypoxia of about 40 minutes to 2 hours. Thereafter normoxia was restituted in one group and the animals were studied for another 1‐2 hours. In the other group with continued hypoxia dopamine was administered. During the hypoxic period the cerebral blood flow decreased mainly as a result of vasoconstriction after an initial marked flow increase. Cerebral oxygen uptake was reduced. Intracranial pressure increased, largely in proportion to blood flow changes, and no indication of important brain edema appeared. In the “recovery” period at normoxia the cerebral oxygen uptake showed an increase during the observation time. The blood flow, initially high, returned to the control level within the observation period. Dopamine infusion during continued hypoxia induced a vasodilatation, with reduction of vascular resistance to the values found at the induction of hypoxia, and with an increase of the cerebral oxygen uptake. An important role of endogenous dopamine in the hypoxic vasodilatation is sugg

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1979.tb02949.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An account is given of chronic diphenyl hydantion (DPH) encephalopathy in 21 mentally retarded epileptics with increasing psychomotor deterioration, choreiform hyperkinesia, deposits of immunoglobulins in the skin, and changes in serum immunoglobulins.Three months after withdrawal of DPH the condition proved partially reversible, from the clinical as well as laboratory point of view.Eleven patients have been followed for 1 year after discontinuation of DPH, and the findings were largely unchanged from the 3‐month follow‐up examination. Before the drug was withdrawn, seven patients exhibited deposits of immunoglobulins at the dermo‐epidermal junction and in vessel walls. At the end of 1 year such deposits were found in only three patients, all of whom were on another antiepileptic

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1979.tb02950.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Due to the metabolic changes induced, e.g. in the liver by anti‐epileptic drugs, the significance of high serum triglyceride and cholesterol in epileptics was studied and the plasma HDL cholesterol level was compared in 190 epileptic patients with elevated or normal triglyceride and cholesterol, with the corresponding values in 43 healthy subjects. One‐third of the epileptic patients showed elevated plasma HDL cholesterol levels. Female epileptics had higher plasma HDL cholesterol than the normolipidemic healthy subjects. Epileptics with elevated triglyceride or a combination of elevated triglyceride and cholesterol had a lower plasma HDL cholesterol level than normolipidemic patients with epilepsy. HDL cholesterol level in epileptics with high serum cholesterol did not diverge from the level in epileptics with normal serum triglyceride and cholesterol. The results show significant differences of plasma HDL cholesterol between epileptic patients and normolipidemic healthy controls on one hand, and between epileptics with altered and epileptics with normal serum lipid levels on the other. The findings suggest that the increase of plasma HDL cholesterol level in epileptics undergoing anticonvulsant treatment is influenced by endogenous triglyceride metabol

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1979.tb02951.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1979.tb02952.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY