摘要:

ABSTRACTA comparison was made between the levels of derived Phenobarbitone in three groups of patients who were taking Primidone as a single drug, Primidone with Phenytoin and Primidone in combination with Phenytoin and Carbamazepine. The levels of ingested Phenobarbitone when this drug was taken as a single drug were compared with the levels when Phenobarbitone was taken in combination with Phenytoin in two other groups of patients. A significant increase in derived Phenobarbitone levels occurred when Primidone was used in combination with Phenytoin alone or with Phenytoin and Carbamazepine. The highest level occurred in a group of patients taking the three drug combination. There was no significant difference between the levels of ingested Phenobarbitone when this drug was used as single therapy or in combination with Phenytoin. We suggest that the increase in derived Phenobarbitone levels relates to the effect of Phenytoin on liver enzyme systems, and that the greater increase with triple therapy was related to the combined effect of Carbamazepine and Phenytoin on microsomal enzymes. As there was no increase in ingested Phenobarbitone levels when this drug was taken in combination with Phenytoin, we were unable to confirm previous suggestions that Phenytoin either inhibits the hydroxylation of Phenobarbitone or impairs its renal excretion.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb01403.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05837.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTControl and ethanol‐intoxicated rats were injured with a small cerebral stab wound and the extravasation of Evans blue‐labelled albumin (EBA) was studied. Control rats displayed an extravasation of EBA in the immediate peri‐traumatic area with subsequent uptake of EBA in neurosns and glia. Ethanol‐intoxicated rats showed a greater leakage of EBA as well as a wider area of leaking blood vessels around the stab wound, both in the peri‐traumatic and in the early post‐traumatic period. Neuronal uptake of EBA was enhanced and observed in a wider area in intoxicated than control rats. The difference in distribution of EBA among neurons and glia between intoxicated and control rats was partly a consequence of the difference in leakage of EBA in the experimental groups. However, part of the increased neuronal uptake of EBA might be explained by an effect of ethanol on neuronal plasmalemma. The results obtained indicated a more pronounced injury to endothelial and neuronal cells after small cerebral stab wounds in ethanol‐intoxicated compared to

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb01404.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05838.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe effects and side‐effects in migraine prophylaxis of placebo, Divascan® (1‐isopropylnoradrenochrome‐5‐monosemicarbazone) and pizotifen were compared in a double‐blind cross‐over study. The dosage was for Divascan 15 mg a day and for pizotifen 3 mg a day. Data from the last 6 weeks of each test period of 8 weeks were used to assess the effect of the treatment. Thirty patients entered the trial. Data from 28 patients treated with placebo and Divascan and 27 patients treated with pizotifen were used for final evaluation. Pizotifen significantly reduced the number of migraine attacks, headache index and the consumption of ergotamine. Divascan also seemed to have effect. The consumption of ergotamine was reduced compared with placebo and there was a reduction, although not significant, of headache frequency and headache index. Pizotifen gave significantly larger reduction in headache frequency and headache index than Divascan and significantly more patients stated a preference for pizotifen compared with Divascan. A good or very good effect was reported by 11 per cent of the patients on placebo, 39 per cent on Divascan and 70 per cent on pizotifen. Pizotifen had frequent side‐effects, mainly drowsiness and weight gain, whereas Divascan in this respect did not differ from placebo. Physical examinations and laboratory investigations did not show any signficant changes, apart fr

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb01405.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn an open preliminary study theophyllamine (theophylline‐ethylene‐diamine) was administered to eight patients with idiopathic parkinsonism showing residual signs of parkinsonism though already in treatment with levodopa. Although theophyllamine in preclinical studies was found effective in potentiating the response to central dopamine stimulation, the drug in the present clinical study was without effect on idiopathic parkinsonism. After a loading dose of aminophylline, 5.6. mg per kilogram given intravenously, a maintenance dose of 0.9 mg per kilogram per hour infused during 2 h resulted in serum levels of theophylline of 23.5 ± 3.9 mg per liter. 3‐methylxanthine, a pharmacodynamic active metabolite of theophylline was analyzed in the serum samples. Less than 0.5 mg per liter was

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb01406.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe authors tested the effects of 2‐Br‐ergocriptine (bromocriptine, CB‐154), a drug which exerts a mixed agonist‐antagonist activity on the dopaminergic receptors, in 12 patients with Huntinton Chorea in a double‐blind crossover trial. This treatment significantly reduced the abnormal involuntary movements and the disease severity in most of the patients. Subjects who were slightly disabled showed a better response than the ones with more severe degrees of d

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb01407.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05839.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe syndrome of progressive aphasia and epilepsy in childhood is delineated. Four cases are presented, three of which show the typical gradual onset, fluctuating course and EEG changes with bilateral foci of spike and spike‐wave activity, and, finally, normalization after some years of the EEG. Also the aphasia tends to subside, but often with considerable delay in relation to the other features. Neuropsychological assessment showed varying residual defects mainly of language functions. The actiology is unknown. No pathoanatomical data on this disorder has hitherto been published. In one of the present cases a cortical biopsy was performed on suspicion of a left temporal tumour. The biopsy showed changes indicative of a slow virus infection. It is therefore suggested that the newly established language function in children particularly is vulnerable to a subchronic viral encephalitis affecting both hemisphere

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb01408.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe results of neuro‐ophthalmological examination, visual evoked responses (VER) to pattern reversal stimulation and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis were compared in 25 patients with myelopathy of unknown etiology and without subjective symptoms of involvement of CNS outside the spinal cord. Delayed latencies of VER indicating a disseminated disease were found in 76 per cent of the patients. In 64 per cent of the patients, CSF showed abnormalities similar to those found in MS. Pathological findings at the clinical eye examination consistent with such an etiology was found in 36 per cent of the cases. It is suggested that a large proportion of patients with myelopathy of unknown etiology suffer from a disseminated demyelinating disorder similar to MS. By a combination of neuro‐ophthalmological, VER and CSF examinations such an etiology can be established with reasonable certainty, and more troublesome investigations such as myelographies and spinal angiographies may be restricted to patients in whom the etiology still remains uncl

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb01409.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY