ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1973.tb07597.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe incidence of hydrocephalus communicans obstructivus (HCO) complicating severe cranial trauma appears to be significant. In the present material, HCO was demonstrated in 9 out of 28 patients, while in another 5 cases there was some evidence of HCO under development. The diagnosis cannot be established on clinical grounds alone, but must be based on repeated pneumoencephalographic and liquorgraphic examinations. These examinations are indicated in patients with severe cranial trauma, resulting in a period of unconsciousness of long duration, and also in such patients manifesting an arrest in expected clinical improvement. Indications for ventriculoatrial shunting are present when CVR and/or an absence of parasagittal filling are demonstrated on liquorgraphy, and, in addition, progressive HCO is seen on repeated pneumoencephalographic examinations.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1973.tb01275.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTClinical and neuropathological data from two autopsy cases of amyloidosis with involvement of the autonomic nervous system are presented. In the case of primary amyloidosis the changes in the autonomic nervous system were moderate, causing no symptoms, whereas the patient with secondary amyloidosis had severe symptoms most probably caused by severe destruction of the autonomic nervous system secondary to amyloid deposits.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1973.tb01276.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTChronic alcoholics in the phase of withdrawal after an alcoholic debauche had significantly increased uric acid values in the CSF. The uric acid level in the serum was not raised but the uric acid quotient in the CSF/blood was. These results suggest a selective change in the central nervous system as a manifestation of an increased catabolism of nucleic acids. This may reflect a cellular toxic effect of alcohol on the tissue of the central nervous system known from other organic systems. The uric acid values in the CSF were still increased after a relatively long stay in hospital. Such a continued increased cellular metabolism might explain the development of chronic brain syndrome found in advanced chronic alcoholism.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1973.tb01277.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA nine year old boy presented a right hemiparesis and convulsive seizures since infancy. Convulsions could not be controlled in spite of large doses of anticonvulsant drugs. The child was severely mentally retarded. A pneumoencephalogram revealed a large porencephalic cyst and generalized atrophy of the left hemisphere. Electroencephalography showed multiple spike foci discharging independently on both hemispheres. Scalp electrodes were applied to the right side before exposing surgically the left hemisphere. Simultaneous recording was performed from right scalp and left cortical electrodes. Active spikes were recorded independently from both sides. After section of the corpus cal‐losum, the spikes from the right disappeared; the left side showed no changes. Left hemispherectomy was then performed. The implications of these results are discussed in the context of criteria for definition of independent spikes in the EEG and of the existence of mirror foci in ma

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1973.tb01278.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSmall elevations of body temperature in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are known to reversibly worsen existing signs and symptoms as well as provoke the appearance of new findings. In this study serial hyperthermia testing was performed in three MS patients for periods up to seven months in order to detect any significant fluctuations in temperature sensitivity of visual and oculomotor signs. Serial hyperthermia testing revealed marked fluctuations in thermal sensitivity during periods when the patient's overt clinical status was essentially stable. In two patients (one with visual, the other with oculomotor signs) recently recovered from clinical exacerbations there was a heightened response to hyperthermia that gradually reversed over days‐weeks. In another patient with bilateral optic nerve involvement in longterm remission and clinically stable, an abrupt, marked, unilateral fluctuation in the thermal sensitivity of vision was observed. These findings suggest that the manifest signs and symptoms in MS as well as characteristic exacerbations‐remissions may, like the peak of an iceberg, reflect only a portion of the extent and activity of the underlying pathology. Serial hyperthermia testing appears to offer a means of uncovering and monitoring these subclinical chan

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1973.tb01279.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThirty patients with benign essential tremor (BET) aged 15‐81 years participated in a controlled therapeutical trial in order to evaluate the effect of propranolol/(Inderal®) on benign essential tremor. A double‐blind crossover technique with propranolol and placebo was used. Simple clinical tests were found useful for the evaluation of changes in the status of tremor during the trial. Patients who started the trial with propranolol showed significant better results on all parameters used during the propranolol period as compared to the placebo period. A significant difference; however, was not present between the propranolol period and the placebo period for the group of patients starting with placebo treatment. The findings are interpreted as showing that the effect of propranolol on BET is of the same magnitude as the placebo effect, but in contrast to this it is a durable effect. Five patients were completely free from tremor on 120 mg propranolol daily, while 15 patients experienced varying degrees of reduction of tremor, and 10 patients were unchanged as regards the status of tremor during the whole trial. The effect was better in younger patients with a short duration of tremor and more doubtful in older patients with a long duration of tremor. It is concluded that propranolol is the best drug known for the treatment of benign essential tr

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1973.tb01280.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTInterviews were conducted with 229 patients with multiple sclerosis, 172 of their siblings and 219 matched controls from the general population. Serum specimens were taken and tested with 15 different antigens. An increased antibody response was observed in the patients and to a lesser extent in the siblings, but this seems to be directed almost selectively against measles virus antigens. The antibody levels to measles were highest in all study groups in that area in Finland for which the population has the highest relative risk to contract multiple sclerosis. No correlation could be found between the antibody levels and different clinical variables. Reports on increased antibody titers against different viruses in various chronic diseases, as well as the validity of serological results indicating an immunopathological process in the central nervous system, are discussed.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1973.tb01281.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe prophylactic effect of an antiserotonin Pizotifen (BC 105) in migraine has been investigated by means of a double‐blind crossover trial. Pizotifen 1 mg t.i.d. and Prochlorperazine (Stemetil®) 5 mg t.i.d. were administered for two periods of eight weeks, in random order, to 40 outpatients with migraine. The investigation revealed no significant difference in the effect of the two drugs with regard to frequency of attacks, duration of attacks, number of attacks necessitating the patient's absence from work, incidence of associated symptoms, or use of supplementary drugs during the attacks. Increase in weight was a common and extremely disturbing side effect of the treatment with Pizotifen. The study has demonstrated that Pizotifen has little effect in the prevention of migraine; this is contrary to the results of the few well‐controlled investigations which have hitherto been repo

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1973.tb01282.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe circadian plasma cortisol pattern was studied in 35 cases with pituitary tumours, in 49 cases where a pituitary tumour, had been removed, in 20 cases with optic atrophy not caused by tumour and in 65 cases with other localized intracranial processes. Nineteen persons served as controls. In the control group the mean plasma cortisol level was 14.9 (SD = 3.4) μg/100 ml plasma and the difference between the highest measured morning value and the lowest measured evening value was 16.6 (SD = 5.1) μg/100 ml plasma. The diurnal rhythm was normal in patients with intrasellar tumours and in those with optic atrophy. In patients with a suprasellar extension of the pituitary tumour and in patients from whom a pituitary tumour had been removed the plasma cortisol rhythm and/or level was pathological in 23 out of 58 cases. In these cases the mean values of the plasma cortisol levels were significantly lower than in the control group. A high frequency of abnormalities of the plasma cortisol pattern was also found in patients with suprasellar meningiomas and diencephalic tumours. In cases with tumours of the sellar region a correlation was found between the occurrence of pathologically low plasma cortisol levels and rhythms and pathological results of the metyrapone test. In processes outside the sellar and diencephalic region there was no correlation between the localization of the lesion and a pathological plasma cortisol rhythm or level. It was found that increased intracranial pressure may give an abnormally high plasma cortisol leve

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1973.tb01283.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY