摘要:

ABSTRACTThe effect of amantadine in the treatment of parkinsonism was evaluated in three separate studies: (1) In an open pilot study with 10 patients in whom previous anticholinergic drugs had been withdrawn, definite improvement was seen in 8 patients. The optimum daily dose was 250–300 mg. The addition of previous medication to this regimen resulted in little if any further improvement. (2) In a double‐blind cross‐over study 200 mg amantadine daily was compared with placebo in 27 patients, who continued previous anticholinergic therapy. A difference in favour of amantadine was found for most parameters. The improvement was highly significant among the more disabled patients and less pronounced in those with milder symptoms. (3) In a long‐term study 17 patients were followed for up to one year during which they were treated with amantadine in combination with previous drugs. The initial benefit of amantadine was sustained in the majority of these patients during the period of observation. The EEG patterns changed during amantadine therapy with a decrease of slow activity in the abnormal records, whereas the normal ones showed an increase of alpha‐frequency and of beta‐activity. Side‐effects were few and mild. Ankle oedema was noted in about half of the patients after some months, and mild hallucinations occurred infrequently, but only when amantadine was combined with anticholinergic drugs. The effect of amantadine is prompt and exceeds that of anticholinergic drugs, but the initial benefit tends to decline in

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07524.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb06744.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07582.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07583.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07584.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSigns, symptoms, and laboratory findings were presented to describe an early bout of multiple sclerosis (MS). Data were derived from U.S. Army hospitalizations during the World War II period. For 293 men (group A), there had been previous bouts before the one for which they were hospitalized in the Army, whereas for 234 men (group B), this Army hospital bout was the onset bout. Median duration of this Army diagnostic bout was 2 months from onset to neurologic examination. Signs found at neurologic examination were classified into 8 functional systems: pyramidal, cerebellar, brain stem, sensory, bowel and bladder, visual, cerebral, and miscellaneous; symptoms were categorized into 8 equivalent groups. Over‐all dysfunction was graded according to the Disability Status Scale. There was a moderate degree of concordance between signs and symptoms of each type. In every aspect save one, the group A and group B cases were indistinguishable; visual dysfunction was somewhat more prevalent in group A. Involvement at examination was most common in pyramidal (85 %), cerebellar (77 %), brain stem (73 %), and sensory (55 %); less common were bowel and bladder (23%), visual (34%), cerebral (mostly mood change) (21 %), and miscellaneous signs (15 %). Each functional system tended to correlate with over‐all disability in both frequency and severity of involvement. When symptoms were distributed by limbs affected, motor and coordination complaints showed a predilection for lower limbs and a tendency to symmetry, whereas sensory complaints were almost equally common in each body part. Cerebrospinal fluid findings were in accord with those of most series. There was no relationship of any or all CSF abnormalities with total duration of illness, duration of the bout, over‐all disability, or type or severity of any functional system, except for a possible correlation between pyramidal signs and abnormalities of colloidal gold curve, and pyramidal signs and any abnormality of CSF. These data, in addition to detailing an early bout of MS in a nationwide sample of males, also provide the bases for our later efforts to predict the course of illness for the persons aff

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07525.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07585.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07586.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07587.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07588.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY