摘要:

ABSTRACTThe author submits a family of 4 generations, the last 3 of which have exhibited remitting polyneuropathy. The heredity is by irregular dominance. The remissions have been total, and the symptoms and signs have not recurred. A 9‐year‐old boy developed polyneuropathy which progressed through one year, but thereafter remitted, presumably in connection with gamma globulin therapy started on an empiric basis. Detailed immunoelectrophoretic studies disclosed partial immunoparesis (reduction of IgG and IgA) in the serum of the proposi

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07535.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTAge‐ and sex‐specific death rates from multiple sclerosis were calculated both from all conditions coded and from those coded as underlying or primary cause of death for the United States by color for 1955, and for Denmark (1963–68) and Norway (1956–60). Primary‐cause death rates for the United States (1959–61) were also assessed. Underlying‐cause deaths accounted for about 3/4 the total reported in each land as well as for each sex in Denmark and Norway, but there were marked differences in this proportion between the sexes in the United States. For total deaths with MS all three lands had essentially equal death rates by sex, though for underlying‐cause MS death rates there had been a female preponderance in US whites and in Denmark. From underlying‐cause data, age‐specific MS death rates in the US attained almost a plateau from about age 45 on, in Denmark there was a sharp and high peak at about age 62, and Norway's rates were intermediate to the other two lands. In all enumerations the proportion of deaths with MS provided by underlying‐cause deaths fell with increasing age, but otherwise the age‐specific rates from total deaths with MS (all conditions coded) showed curves similar to the underlying‐cause rates in Denmark, Norway, and US white females; however the US white males then showed a striking maximum from age 65–84. In each land, there was a tendency for female MS primary‐cause age‐specific death rates to anticipate the male by some five to ten years, which did persist to some extent when associated‐condition deaths were added. That such discrepancies should be apparent between total deaths and primary‐cause deaths for a disorder with such a high proportion of deaths considered as underlying adds yet another aspect to be considered when evaluating disease from mortality data. Complete enumeration of all deaths encoded to each separate rubric of the 8th revision of the International Statistical Classification (ISC) for at least one year would permit some assessment of the effects that coding as to cause of death might have on inferences as to geographic or

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07536.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTwo hundred and fifty‐seven recordings of arterial pressure and one hundred and ninety‐one recordings of the venous pressure were correlated with incidental, quantitative electroencephalographic findings during open heart surgery in thirty‐four patients. A fall in mean arterial pressure to 50 mm of mercury and below was invariably associated with electroencephalographic slowing. This was defined as the “critical” pressure below which the cerebral blood flow falls. EEG is a very sensitive index of impaired cerebral blood flow during open hear

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07537.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTOne hundred and seventy‐one estimations of arterial pH and pCO2were correlated with quantitative electroencephalographic findings during open heart surgery in thirty‐four patients. Electroencephalograms could not be related to such fortuitous changes in the pH and pCO2during open heart surgery as might occur in normal activity of the brain or body. It is not possible to measure the pH of cortex in human studies, and data based on blood flowing from a peripheral artery may not accurately reflect changes in the brain. Also, there may be some mechanisms by which the brain is protected from wideswings of acid‐base imba

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07538.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTEarlier studies of nerve conduction in Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth Disease have produced contradictory results, therefore a further study has been undertaken attempting to establish the pattern of nerve conduction abnormalities that may be anticipated. Standard methods of measuring nerve conduction have been employed in twenty‐three patients with undoubted Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease. Motor nerve conduction was always abnormal in the legs, and usually abnormal in the arms; sensory nerve conduction was always abnormal in the arms. Abnormal motor conduction was usually associated with clinical wasting but sensory nerve conduction abnormalities occurred in the absence of clinical sensory loss in most patients. The severity of the nerve conduction impairment appeared to be directly related to the duration of the disease, and possibly to the clinical severity of th

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07539.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTWhat is the beta focus? What are the conditions of its appearance? What are its functional characteristics? What is its pathologic significance? This study attempts to deal with these questions on the basis of evidence obtained in a series of clinical cases. 49 patients showing focally enhanced beta activity were studied. 90 percent of these patients had undergone craniotomies. All of the 10 patients in whom the beta focus was the only abnormality had been operated. Analysis of the location, time course, electrical characteristics, and responsivity of the beta focus has failed to provide a specific explanation for its appearance. No data suggested that the beta focus signified the presence of an active or expanding lesion. The evidence in this study suggests that operative trauma is in some way a predisposing factor to the appearance of the beta focus, but that the phenomenon is due to localized cerebral dysfunction rather than the purely physical effects of absence of bone.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07540.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA double‐blind cross‐over study has been performed in order to evaluate the effectiveness of BC 105 compared with Methysergide in preventing attacks of migraine. The drugs were given for ten weeks each. In order to avoid rebound effects, only the last six weeks of each treatment period were taken into account, and the results during these periods were compared with an initial six‐week period during which no prophylactic drugs were given. The results are based on evaluation of data from 16 patients with classical or common migraine and one patient with cluster headache. We found that BC 105 and Methysergide both decrease the frequency of headaches significantly and there is no significant difference between their effects. No serious side‐effects were noted in this short‐term study. The most commonly encountered side‐effects in patients taking BC 105 were drowsiness, mostly transitory, increased appetite, and weight gain. Laboratory studies and physical examinations did not detect any disturbances in blood count, or in kidney, liver or heart functions. No symptoms or signs of vasoconstriction we

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07541.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTwo chromatographic methods of estimating plasma concentrations of antiepileptic drugs, designed by the authors and described elsewhere, have been used to examine 321 samples of plasma. The methods have been shown to be simple and to fit satisfactorily into a busy laboratory programme. Results obtained with both methods have been found to agree with those of other workers who used a wide variety of techniques. Ranges of plasma concentrations of four commonly‐used drugs have been established. Plasma concentrations do not correlate well with drug doses in individual patients. Negligible plasma concentrations have been found in some patients. Possible metabolic interactions have been reveale

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07542.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe effects on the bladder motility of ablation and stimulation of certain peripheral and central nervous structures in the cat are summarized. It appears that the bladder emptying is controlled by two reflex mechanisms,viz., a spinal adaptation reflex with the effect of counteracting the rise in bladder pressure on filling, and the pontine micturition reflex. The excitability of the latter is influenced by more rostrally situated areas. By lesioning the medial and lateral parts of the amygdala nuclei complex it was found that the medial part inhibits and the lateral part facilitates micturition. From previous works it is known that the same parts of the complex respectively increase and decrease the reflex threshold of striated muscles, and that the medial part is necessary for defence and passive avoidance behaviour, while the lateral is necessary for flight and active avoidance behaviour. Based on the experimental results, the possible etiology of enuresis, the relationship between this disorder and epilepsy, as well as emotional changes claimed to occur in enuretic patients, are discussed.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07543.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSex differences in susceptibility to high pressure oxygen (OHP)‐induced convulsions were observed in mature rats. Male rats convulsed significantly earlier than did females. After adrenalectomy, seizures disappeared in most females and some male rats. The number of adrenalectomized male rats which resisted OHP‐induced convulsions increased from 40 % to 91 % when they were treated with estradiol subcutaneously. Rats which do not convulse during the exposure to OHP eventually develop pulmonary edema and congestion and die. Strain variations in respect to susceptibility to oxygen poisoning and the contreversal nature of OHP and electroshock‐induced convulsions in response to steroid hormones are disc

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07544.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY