摘要:

ABSTRACT‐A survey is given of my studies of evoked potentials in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and in control subjects. Potentials were recorded following random low‐rate auditory stimulation (BAEP), checkerboard pattern‐reversal stimulation (VEP), somatosensory stimulation (SEP); blink reflexes (BR) were recorded following electrical stimulation of the supraorbital nerve. Normal data had to be related to age and sex in evaluating BAEPs and VEPs.In 160 MS patients, a total of 421 recordings were obtained. Changes by repeated BAEP and VEP tests might reflect changes in the clinical state, but they also did occur in clinically stable patients. In patients with definite MS, high incidences of abnormality were shown, supporting the clinical findings. The diagnostic value was greatest when clinically silent lesions were demonstrated in patients with suspected or possible MS. In these patients, either BAEP or VEP gave evidence of subclinical lesions in about 50%, and when combined, in 71% of the patients, thus making a transfer to a more certain diagnostic classification possible and invasive examinations unnecessary. When SEP and BR tests were added, subclinical lesions were found in 74% of the patients. The SEP recordings did show a high incidence of abnormality, but only few silent lesions; the BR test was the least sensitive. The VEP was abnormal in all patients with signs of optic neuritis and in all but one with a history of optic neuritis.The present results are compared to those obtained in other laboratories and with other types of examinations in MS patients. It is concluded that although the tests are not specific for MS, they give valuable information in the majority of patients with a clinically uncertain diagnosis. This information will most often not be given by other types of examination. The combination of VEP and BAEP is recommended, but it should be supplemented by SEP recording in patients without spinal

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1983.tb04547.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT‐Neurological and neurophysiological findings were retrospectively reviewed in a group of 50 patients with vestibular neuronitis (VN). The onsets of VN were found to be clustered in the period from August to January. A preceding infection was reported by 36% of the patients. Neurological examinations did not reveal any other relevant signs than a spontaneous nystagmus during the acute phase. The results of routine laboratory tests and cerebrospinal fluid tests were within normal limits. EEG was recorded in 37 patients; 15 patients had a definitely abnormal EEG, with a slowing of the dominant occipital rhythm or more generalized diffuse slowing in 12 cases. 5 patients, 3 of them without slowing of the background activity, had a distinct focal disturbance of intermittent slow activity in the temporal region. In control recordings, an improvement was seen in the slowing of the background activity but not in the focal disturbances. Brain‐stem auditory evoked responses (BSER) were recorded in 12 patients, 5 of whom had abnormal responses. The seasonal clustering of VN onsets and the association of VN with overt infections further suggest its infectious pathogenesis. The observed EEG and BSER disturbances suggest a sub‐clinical brainstem involvement in some cases

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1983.tb04548.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT‐The effect of other anticonvulsants (phenytoin, pheno‐barbitone and primidone) on serum clonazepam concentrations has been studied. Serum clonazepam concentrations were measured in 47 epileptic patients in whom a dose of clonazepam (3 mg or 6 mg) was added to existing therapy. 44 patients were receiving other anticonvulsants; 3 were not receiving any other medication. Patients on low doses of other anticonvulsants showed high clonazepam concentrations. Patients on multiple therapy with high doses of other anticonvulsants showed excessive side‐effects on clonazepam and low serum clonazepam concentrations. We conclude that other anticonvulsants may reduce serum clonazepam concentrations and therefore that clonazepam is best given

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1983.tb04549.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT‐Electromyography and nerve conduction velocities were examined in 12 consecutive patients before and after 3 months treatment with carbamazepine. All parameters measured remained unchanged during treatment. Differences between the influence of carbamazepine and phenytoin on the peripheral nervous system are briefly discusse

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1983.tb04550.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT‐Nerve conduction velocities (NCVs) in both motor and sensory nerves as well as nerve action potentials (NAPs) of sensory nerves were measured bilaterally in 24 children with cerebral palsy. The NAP amplitude and both sensory and motor NCV were on the average higher on the intact or less affected side. The NCV side difference was still present after the temperature asymmetry of the limbs had been taken into account by calculating the temperature‐corrected NCV values, and was statistically significant for motor NCV inN. peroneusand for sensory NCV inN. suralis; this could neither be explained on the basis of spasticity nor by the length difference of the extremities. No correlation of NCV asymmetry with the degree of atrophy seemed to ex

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1983.tb04551.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT‐In an early phase‐2 study, THIP (4,5,6,7‐tetrahydroisoxazolo(5,4‐c)pyridin‐3‐ol) was investigated in a single‐blind controlled trial comprising 9 outpatients suffering from epilepsy.THIP was added to the concomitant antiepileptic treatment with increasing doses (15 to 120 mg/day) based on therapeutic effect or side‐effects. The blood levels of concomitant therapy were kept constant.No significant difference was established between the number of seizures during treatment with maximal doses of THIP and placebo. A trend was observed for lower seizure frequency during a period on submaxim

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1983.tb04552.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT‐In 6 cases of mild botulinum intoxication, conventional EMG and single fibre EMG (SFEMG) were performed on admission to our ward (about 15 days after ingestion of the toxin) and 4, 8 and 14 weeks after admission.In 4 cases, conventional EMG resulted in abnormal findings; and they normalized 4 weeks later. On the first examination, SFEMG revealed in all cases but one the occurrence of potential pairs with abnormal jitter (above 50 μs). The % of the potential pairs with abnormal jitter ranged in different cases from 17% to 44%. Some of the potential pairs with abnormal jitter showed blockings; the occurrence of blockings was not strictly related to jitter value. Mean jitter value and % of potential pairs with abnormal jitter became progressively reduced with increasing time after intoxication. Nevertheless, in 4 cases slightly abnormal findings were still present after 4 months.The data obtained in the basal condition are in agreement with those reported by others. SFEMG findings relate fairly well to conventional EMG data and clinical status. SFEMG has proved to be a very sensitive method for studying the neuromuscular transmission defect in botulism and in obtaining further information on the course of the syndro

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1983.tb04553.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT‐Isoniazid was administered in 4‐week open trial in patients with choreiform movement. Gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5‐HIAA) in CSF were measured before and after treatment. Isoniazid did not improve choreiform movement. CSF GABA levels were significantly increased after treatment, but HVA and 5‐HIAA levels were not significantly altered. The findings suggest that isoniazid influenced brain GABA metabolism but did not influence dopamine and serotonin metabolism in patients with choriefo

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1983.tb04554.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book Review in this ArticleH. Kuhlenbeck: The human brain and its universe. Vol. 3: The world of philosophy.Handbook of Physiology.Cortical sensory organization. Vol. 1: Multiple somatic areas.Manter&Gatz: Essentials of clinical neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, 6th ed., rewritten by S. Gilman&S. S. Winans.S. Diamond&D. J. Dalessio: The practicing physician's approach to headache, 3rd ed.Neurologischen Leit‐ und Warnsymptome bei inneren Erkrankungen.Neurotransmitter vesicles.K. R. Magee&J. R. Saper: Clinical and basic neurology for health professional

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1983.tb04555.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY