摘要:

ABSTRACT –Valproate in all its aspects is comprehensively surveyed. Previous reviews covering various aspects such as mechanism of action, clinical pharmacology, clinical efficacy in epilepsy, febrile convulsions and other neurological disorders, side effects, teratogenicity and intoxications are discussed and updated (161 references

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb00854.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –This study concerns the distribution of T‐cell subsets as determined by specific monoclonal antibodies in 50 individuals with complex partial seizures (31) and primary generalized tonic‐clonic seizures (19), and in 30 healthy controls. The epileptic group had significantly fewer circulating T4 “helper” lymphocytes and significantly greater number of T8 “suppressor” lymphocytes than the controls. The T4/T8 ratio was consistently significantly lower in the epileptic group. There was no relation between lymphycyte subsets or T4/T8 ratio and antiepileptic medication. The results suggest a derangement of cell‐mediated immunity in individual

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb00855.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –We have previously found an increase in prevalence and incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the county of Hordaland, Western Norway. This study shows that the increase in incidence over a 30‐year period is due to an increase of remittent and remittent/progressive MS. The incidence of the chronic progressive form of MS has remained stable during the same period. The two subgroups of MS also vary in symptomatology and age at onset. This suggests that MS has two different forms which behave differently when considered epidemiologically and clinically. The remitting and progressive forms may therefore each have a different etiol

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb00856.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –Cyanide concentrations in whole blood, saliva and urine were measured in 83 patients with motor neuron disease (MND) and age‐, sex‐matched control subjects consisting of 62 patients with and 49 without neurological disorders. Cyanide levels in whole blood and urine of MND patients were significantly higher than the nonneurological control groups in smokers and non‐smokers. Cyanide levels in whole blood of MND patients were also higher than the neurologic control group in smokers, but not in non‐smokers. There was no significant difference between the cyanide level and either the clinical types or degree of disability of MND. The results suggest that MND patients possess a disorder in cyanide m

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb00857.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –The effects of bromocriptine in patients with Parkinson's disease manifesting various problems in levodopa therapy were tested in a double‐blind manner with the collaboration of 59 institutions. The slow and low principle was in part adopted. Either bromocriptine or placebo was added to levodopa.Twenty‐nine % of the bromocriptine‐treated patients (n = 108), in contrast to 14.8% of the placebo‐treated (n = 108), showed either marked or moderate improvement (P<0.05). Twenty to 37% improvement was noted in most of the symptoms studied in those treated with bromocriptine. The significant superiority of bromocriptine was also noted in the effects on wearing‐off phenomena and frozen gait. No irreversible side effects were noted.It is concluded that bromocriptine is useful in patients who are manifesting various difficulties in levodopa therapy. Our results are comparable to those using higher maintenance doses. Dopamine antagonistic actions were not observed. This is unlike the case with experimen

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb00858.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –Doxyfluridine is a new cytostatic drug of the fluoropyrimidine group, which may prove to have a high antitumor activity with less toxic side effects. Thirteen patients with advanced colorectal cancer were given doxyfluridine 2 g/m2as a one‐hour infusion for five days every three weeks and examined neurologically and neurophysiologically.One patient experienced an acute, reversible cerebellopathy after the second treatment course and developed a progressive generalized encephalopathy during the subsequent third and fourth cycle. The frequency of cerebellopathy may depend on the dosage and type of administration of the drug.Five patients developed a mild, mainly sensory polyneuropathy. High age, weight loss and decreasing general condition seem to be important factors in the development of polyneuropathy during doxyfluridine treatment, and this stresses the importance of optimal nutrition during the treatment per

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb00859.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –A Scandinavian family whose members have suffered from hereditary essential myoclonus for five generations are presented. Three patients showed a uniform clinical picture with myoclonic jerks located in the upper trunk, the neck and proximal parts of the upper extremities without any other symptom or sign of CNS‐dysfunction. The laboratory findings including EEG and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) were normal. Diagnostic criteria are discussed. Treatment was relatively ineffect

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb00860.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –The clinical picture of 40 patients with tobacco‐alcohol amblyopia (TAA) is described. In 15 patients the course of the disease was studied longitudinally over a period of 31 months. In addition in six patients the acute development of the disease was studied during a period of four weeks in‐patient treatment.TAA is characterised by distinct bilateral visual disturbances, symmetric scotomas, acquired disturbances of colour vision and mostly normal fundi. Visual acuity is usually grossly diminished. Central scotomas were present in 80% of the cases while the centrocecal from prevailed in the rest. The acquired disturbances of colour vision usually concerned the red‐green sense (84%). The amplitudes of the visual evoked potentials were always reduced and deformed. In 33% we could not detect a P‐100. In 5% the latency of the P‐100 was prolonged. Full field stimulation was the best method of defining the P‐100. By foveal stimulation the deformations of the amplitudes were more evident. The prognosis of the visual disturbances was unpredictable. The abnormalities improved in one half of the patients, but complete recovery was never reached despite substitution

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb00861.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –The present study was performed to analyse glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binding in peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (MNL) from 39 myasthenia gravis (MG) patients (unoperated patients (n = 13), thymectomized patients (n = 14) and patients receiving glucocorticoids: thymectomized (n = 11) and unoperated (n = 6)). A whole cell binding assay with3(H) dexamethasone was used. GR mean values were significantly higher in the MNL of MG patients (thymectomized or not) not receiving glucocorticoid than in the MNL of healthy donors. Affinity was within the normal range. Sex, age or clinical forms of illness did not influence the results. In patients receiving prednisone (Pd) the GR values were significantly lower than in MG patients without Pd therapy, independent of Pd dose or time of administration. No differences in receptor binding between normal subjects and MG patients receiving Pd have been foun

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb00862.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT –The saturated fatty acids released from the erythrocyte membranes of four patients with adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) and 14 diseased controls were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The ratios of C26:0 to other saturated fatty acids in ALD were higher than those of diseased controls, and neither false‐positive nor false‐negative samples were observed. These results suggest that a study of fatty acids of total glycerophospholipids in erythrocyte membranes by high performance liquid chromatography is a useful diagnostic method o

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb00863.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY