摘要:

ABSTRACTTwenty‐four patients with serum diphenylhydantoin (DPH) levels above 20 mg per 1 underwent an examination of the motor conduction velocity (mev) in the right deep peroneal nerve. Subsequently, when the serum DPH level was normalized, each patient was re‐examined. For the material as a whole the difference between the paired measurements was significant (p<0.01). However, it could be shown that solely the patients with a serum DPH level above 30 mg per 1 contributed to this difference. No correlation could be found between the serum DPH value under intoxication and the reduction of mev or between the degree of clinical intoxication and the reduction of mcv. Obviously the duration of the intoxication could not account either for the reduction of the examined parameter. Perhaps a combination of the height and the duration of the augmented serum DPH level renders the clue to the question, but for an adequate elucidation of this aspect the material was too small. That temperature differences could account for the differences in mev is unlikely, considering the technique employed. The mcv‐reducing effect of DPH must be considered a pharmacological one, and the average value of mcv after correction of the serum DPH leyel did not differ from that of a normal material. Apparently no causal relationship exists between the decrease of mcv and the symptomatology of DPH‐intox

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1971.tb07482.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe paper is a methodological study in which three diagnostic screening tests for carotid occlusive disease are discussed in detail: The carotid‐compression tonographic test, the arm‐to‐retina fluorescein circulation time, and the dynamic tonometry method for corneal indentation pulse registration. In subsequent papers the systematic application of these tests to certain clinical groups will be pres

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1971.tb07483.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTGraded occlusion of the internal carotid artery (I.C.A.) was performed under simultaneous I.C.A. flowmetry and dynamic tonometry in 10 cases of I.C.A. aneurysms. A close correlation between I.C.A. flow and corneal indentation pulse amplitudes was found, indicating that dynamic tonometry can act as a guide during graded I.C.A. occlusion, either alone or together with I.C.A. flowmetry. In addition, the information obtained in this controlled study is valuable for a better understanding of the results obtained by dynamic tonometry in cases of carotid occlusive disease.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1971.tb07484.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTExperimental brain tumors were produced in mice with 20–methyl cholanthrene, and the uptake of radioactive extracellular markers was studied by tissue assay and autoradiography. The tracers included C14‐sucrose, C14‐inulin, and H3inulin. The water content and isotope concentration of both gliomas and meningiomas were higher than those of normal brain tissue. The sucrose content of the tumor tissue increased with time elapsed from injection and so did the tumor/normal brain ratio. The temporal expansion of the neoplastic sucrose space suggests incorporation of sucrose by cellular elements. Autoradiograms indicated that inulin is localized in the intercellular space of the tumors. Sucrose was also seen mostly in the extracellular space, but a small percentage of the grains were located in

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1971.tb07485.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTHemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers to measles, rubella, mumps, and La Crosse virus in 137 patients with multiple sclerosis and 137 controls matched by date of birth and place of residence were measured and are reported according to age. The measles HI titers were significantly higher in serum specimens of patients with multiple sclerosis (geometric mean 1/82) than in the controls (geometric mean 1/43). In addition, the measles HI titers decreased significantly in the older age groups of the controls, whereas a similar decrease was not observed in the MS patients. No significant differences in the HI titers of rubella, mumps, and La Crosse virus were found between the MS group and the control group. Measles antibodies were further analyzed in a representative smaller series of sera from 49 MS patients and 49 controls by inhibition of salt‐dependent hemagglutinin, gel precipitation, and platelet aggregation. With each of the techniques used, higher levels of measles antibody titers or stronger reactions were observed in the MS group. However, when measles antibodies detected with various techniques were compared in individual serum specimens of MS patients, no clear correlation between the high titers or strong reactions was discernible. The nature of the antibody response to measles virus in MS patients and the light thrown by the results obtained on the etiopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is discusse

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1971.tb07486.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTCalibre spectra were made on one ankle extensor (lateral gastrocnemius) and one ankle flexor (anterior tibial) muscle nerve. The nerves were always taken from the same side at corresponding proximo‐distal levels in the same animal. The nerves were stained with osmium. During the earliest postnatal period, in comparison with the lateral gastrocnemius nerve, the anterior tibial nerve had: (1) the largest fibres and (2) absolutely and relatively more fibres bigger than 4 microns, (3) the peak shifted to larger fibres. It was concluded that at birth the anterior tibial nerve is more mature than the lateral gastrocnemius nerve. Further, it was shown that the differences between the two nerves in the newborn stage were eliminated when the animals reached an age of about one month. Possible correlation between morphological and functional maturity of central poitions of a reflex are and developmental stage of its peripheral nerve components was discusse

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1971.tb07487.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTNeurologic studies of three generations of a kinship revealed various manifestations of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in 7 affected members. The comparatively benign expression of the disease throughout this kinship militated against a firm or even correct diagnosis prior to completion of electrodiagnostic and histologic studies. Investigation of this unique pedigree, added to prior reports, lead the authors to conclude that when motor neuron disease is familial the disease may tend to run a relatively benign course. Hence, collective assessment of involved relatives is important in arriving at a prognosis for individual members.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1971.tb07488.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThirty patients with aneurysms of the basilar bifurcation were found among 1098 patients with intracranial arterial aneurysms diagnosed in the Neurosurgical Clinic of the Helsinki University Central Hospital between 1 January 1960 and 31 December 1969. Five were excluded from the series for various reasons and 25 remained for closer scrutiny. In three, the aneurysm was diagnosed at autopsy only, and in two the patient suffered a fatal haemorrhage so soon after diagnosis that no operation was thought possible. Of the remaining 20 patients, eight died 4 to 52 months after diagnosis. Thus, late mortality from aneurysms of the basilar bifurcation is considerable. The one factor that could be adduced as influencing the fate of the patient was the size of the aneurysm; those who died had on an average an aneurysm almost twice the size of the aneurysms in patients who were alive at follow‐u

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1971.tb07489.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTObservations were made on mast cells in various parts of the human peripheral nervous system obtained at autopsy or by biopsy. The specimens belonged to two major categories, viz. specimens without histological signs of abnormality and those with evidence of disease. The main findings were as follows: Mast cells were found in peripheral somatic nerves, spinal nerve roots, dorsal root ganglia, paravertebral and prevertebral autonomic ganglia, their communicants and adjacent branches. The cells could frequently be seen close to the nerve fibres and to small blood vessels. Mast cells accumulated in damaged parts of peripheral nerves following trauma, in long standing cases of diabetes mellitus, in some cases of metachromatic leucodystrophy and globoid cell leucodystrophy, and in the lesions of Recklinghausen's disease. Nerves from cases of Morton's disease did not show this mast cell response, nor could any appreciable number of mast cells be observed in the early stages of uremic and cancerous neuropathies.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1971.tb07490.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe occurrence of cutis verticis gyrata (CVG) was studied in an unselected series consisting of 7 patients with acromegaly (4 men and 3 women) and 5 with dystrophia myotonica (3 men and 2 women). CVG was found to occur spontaneously, or on mechanical provocation, in all the male patients but not in the females. The above 12 patients and one patient with triplo‐X condition and CVG were studied from psychiatric, neurological, neurophysiological, neuroradiological, and endocrinological aspects in an attempt to find a correlate to the occurrence of CVG. A comparison between the men with CVG and the women without CVG showed no differences, however, apart from those dependent upon the sex difference in itself. CVG has been described in only a few women, all of whom have exhibited clear signs of endocrine disturbances. This circumstance, the marked male over‐representation and the fact that CVG has often been found in combination with endocrine disturbances, indicates strongly that an endocrine dysfunction, possibly a disturbance of the androgen production, underlies the symptom

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1971.tb07491.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY