ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb08044.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The authors performed a controlled double‐blind neurophysiological study (uridinevsplacebo) in 40 diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy. Twenty subjects were treated with uridine and 20 with placebo. The neurophysiological evaluation consisted of a study of the MCV of the median nerve, the common Peroneal, the posterior Tibial, the SCV of the radial nerve, the median and the sural as well as the amplitudes of the motor and sensory responses. The nerves examined were on the dominant side. The evaluations were preformed at baseline and after 60, 120, 180 days of therapy with a follow up control after 90 days from the completion of therapy. No statistically significant modifications were observed in the placebo group. In the drug group, the neurophysiological parameters improved significantly from the 120th day post therapy compared with baseline and were maintained through to follow up. The authors discuss the results which demonstrated that treatment with uridine can bring about a neuro physiological improvement in peripheral nerve

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb08045.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Previously we have shown low levels of dystrophin immunoreactivity in muscle from patients with DMD. According to the “frame‐shift hypothesis” DMD muscle should not synthesize any dystrophin through to the C‐terminus and it has been suggested that the protein detected is not dystrophin, but a related autosomal homologue. We have labelled serial sections of DMD muscle with specific monoclonal antibodies to the amino, rod and C‐terminal domains of dystrophin and find labelling on the same individual fibres, allowing us to conclude that the protein detected is Xp21‐encoded dystrophin. This has an impact on the interpretation of myoblast transfer experiments. The abundance (on blots) of “C‐terminal dystrophin” appears lower than “rod dystrophin

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb08046.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Serial recording of multimodal sensory (pattern reversal visual, brainstem auditory, median and tibial somatosensory) and motor evoked potentials during a 2‐year period was performed on a group of 25 patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis. A new, 10‐degree evoked potentials abnormality scale was introduced. In contrast to the insignificant common trend of both the mean individual EP latency parameters and the mean expanded disability status scale and evoked potentials abnormality scale to deteriorate the changes in both expanded disability status scale (p<0.05) and evoked potentials abnormality scale (p<0.01) were significant using a 1‐point criterion for change and non‐parametric testing. Changes in both scales differed in about 50% of patients; contrary to bidirectional changes in the clinical scale, no improvement in the evoked potential scale was found. The introduction of an evoked potentials abnormality scale based on separate cut‐off step‐like criteria may increase the robustness of evoked potential changes due to the activity of the disease in longitudi

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb08047.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Marstock thermotesting evaluates A‐δ‐ and C‐fiber functions. To optimize this method, intraindividual variations of vasodilatation, blood flow and sympathetic activity probably biasing thermotest results were imitated by exogenous stimuli which strongly exaggerated these intraindividual variations. In 20 healthy subjects, warm (WT), cold (CT), and heat‐pain (HT) thresholds were determined in the morning at the thenar (th), the volar wrist (wr), and behind the malleolus internus (mi). Thresholds at the thenar and the volar wrist were compared with those during severe sweating induced by Minor's test, and to those measured when sympathetic activity had been increased by the ingestion of a high dose of caffeine (0.5 g). Furthermore, the intraindividual variation of local capillary blood flow and vasodilatation was imitated by a rubefacient liniment (Forapin®) applied to the three sites. After a local hyperemisation had been induced thermal thresholds were measured and compared to those measured without any stimulation. Local hyperemia did not influence thermal thresholds significantly. Sweating only lowered cold thresholds at the thenar significantly and only slightly raised warm and heat‐pain thresholds at the thenar. Caffeine significantly lowered warm thresholds and raised heat‐pain thresholds at the thenar. To conclude, the tested exogenous interferences do not disturb thermal perception markedly, especially when testing is not performed at the thenar, but at the volar wrist and when the testing‐procedure and parameters a

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb08048.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Neuronal migration disorders are the result of disturbed brain development. In such disorders, neurons are abnormally located. In diagnosing these conditions, magnetic resonance imaging is superior to any other imaging technique. This enables us to improve our knowledge of the clinical correlates of neuronal migration. With reference to migrational disorder, a retrospective study of all 303 patients with epileptic seizures referred for magnetic resonance imaging during a 3‐year period was performed, 13 patients (aged 12–41, mean age 27) were identified. They represent 4.3 % of the entire study group. Of the patients with known epilepsy, 6.7% and of the mentally retarded, 13.7% had migrational disorders. Four patients had schizencephaly as the dominant finding, one was classified as hemimegalencephaly, 2 had isolated heterotopias, and 6 had localized pachy‐and/or poly‐microgyria. The clinical pictures are complex. Ectopias of grey matter are recognised foci of epilepsy, but from an epileptological and a clinical viewpoint little attention has been given to these disorders. The present study shows that malmigration is not rare in epilepsy patients, especially not in the mentally r

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb08049.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The part played in traffic safety by illness or disability is unknown, as is the identity and degree of the disorders which necessitate the use of driving aids or completely incapacitate a person from driving. By means of a mock car, 28 persons suffering from Parkinson's disease were compared with 109 healthy controls. Only patients in presumed optimal drug regimen and without complicating disorders were included in the study group. The main results were failure to react to stimuli on several occasions, a high frequency of erroneous reactions in particular directional errors, reduced strength and speed of movement and increased reaction times. Typically the latter would entail a prolongation of the reaction distance with more than 1/3, i.e. 6 m when driving a car at a speed of 80 km/h. The Webster score proved to be an unreliable predictor of the results of the mock car test, and the UPDRS is suggested for future studies.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb08050.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The prevalence of idiopathic Parkinson's Disease (IPD) in Dunedin, New Zealand on 31st July 1990 was 110.4/100000. When corrected to a standard population based on the 1960 U.S. census, the prevalence fell to 76.0/100000 due to changes in the age structure of the population. The corrected prevalence in Wellington (another New Zealand city), in 1962 was 99.6 (before the introduction of levodopa), and in Aberdeen, Scotland in 1984 was 102.7. The principal difference was fewer people under 65 years of age in our study. Case finding methods and diagnostic criteria were similar in all three studies, and case ascertainment was adequate.Underrepresentation of younger people could be due to either a lower incidence rate or poorer survival due to treatment with high doses of levodopa compounds. Prospective research is required to explain our findings.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb08051.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two glutamate antagonists were tested in a rat model of complete, transient cerebral ischemia. Six days after 10 min ischemia the mean loss of hippocampal CAI pyramidal neurones was 73%. Administration of the AMPA (a‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazole proprionic acid) antagonist NBQX (2,3‐dihydro‐6‐nitro‐7‐sulfamoyl‐benzo(F)quinoxaline) reduced the pyramidal neurone loss to 1%, 11% and 15%, when given before, immediately after or 1 h after ischemia, respectively. MK‐801 (dizocilpine), a competitive NMDA antagonist gave no protection in this model. We suggest that the AMPA receptor transduction mechanisms are sensitized by ischemia and that the postischemic blockade of the main glutamatergic input to the CA 1 cells with NBQX impairs the deleterious effect of “normal” posti

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb08052.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Posture‐dependent, post‐lumbar puncture headache is most likely caused by continuous leakage of cerebrospinal fluid through the dura mater perforation with a consecutive downward sagging of the intracranial content and an irritation of pain‐sensitive structures of meninges and blood vessels. A psychogenic co‐factor may also play a role. It is generally acknowledged that the incidence and intensity of the headache correlate significantly with the diameter of the needles used. A second factor, the shape of the needle point plays a crucial role as is shown in our prospective, double‐blind, clinical trial with 75 patients: employment of the “atraumatic” Sprotte needle with a rounded off point significantly reduced the incidence of postpuncture headache from 36% to 4%. Beside the discussion of pathogenic factors, remarks on a rational the

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb08053.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY