摘要:

Long‐term survival was examined for 218 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 115 patients with multi‐infarct dementia (MID). The 14‐year survival rate for AD was 2.4% versus an expected rate of 16.6%, and for MID 1.7% versus 13.3% expected. MID showed a more malignant natural course than AD. Men carried a less favourable survival prognosis than women, both in AD and MID: the relative risk of dying for women was half that for men in both diseases. In MID, advanced disability indicated a relative risk of dying over twice as high. In both diseases the risk of death was substantially higher in the event of occurrence of primitive ref

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00426.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in the serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and skin fibroblasts of patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) were estimated using enzyme immunoassay. The SOD mRNA level in the skin fibroblasts was also determined by the Northern blot analysis. As compared with the age‐matched control groups of neurological patients without dementia, the AD group consisting of patients with DAT at ages under 65 years of age as well as the SDAT group of patients with DAT at ages over 65 years of age showed no significant changes in serum or CSF SOD levels. However, the skin fibroblast SOD‐ and SOD mRNA levels, which were correlate each other, were significantly higher in the AD group (p<0.05), while lower in the SDAT group (p<0.05). These results suggest that the determination of the SOD level of skin fibroblast may be useful for diagnosis of DAT and that the abnormality of SOD may play an important role in developing

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00427.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The death rate from Parkinson's disease (PD) were analyzed using Japanese vital statistics for 1950‐1992. The age‐adjusted PD death rate increased statistically significantly with the years between 1950 and 1992 for both sexes. However, decline in the PD death rate were observed among the population under 65 years old, while striking increases were seen among those over 70 years old. The changing patterns in the PD death rate might be explicable by a constantly improving ascertainment of PD, a true rise in the incidence of PD, particularly among the elderly, and a constantly increasing number of elderly people. There were remarkable differences in the PD death rates among the four marital categories in each sex. The mean age at death in PD increased from about 60 years in 1950 to 77 years in 1992 for both se

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00428.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In an earlier report of our placebo‐controlled selegiline trial onde novoparkinsonian patients, we have shown that the need to start additional levodopa therapy is significantly postponed by using selegiline monotherapy. Now we report the two‐year interim results of the double‐blind continuation of the trial in 44 patients after the introduction of levodopa to the earlier therapy with placebo or selegiline (21 and 23 patients, respectively). The clinical disability was assessed by three rating scales. The daily dose of levodopa needed to maintain an optimal condition had to be increased progressively up to a 52% higher level in the placebo group than in the selegiline group (543 ± 150 and 358 ± 117 mg, respectively, p<0.001). The number of daily doses of levopoda was also statistically significantly higher in the placebo group during the 24 months’ observation period (p<0.01). The ratio of levodopa doses that was expected to stay the same contrarily significantly increased suggesting that selegiline would, besides having the levodopa potentiating effect, also have a beneficial influence on the progression of the basic cerebral dopamine deficiency. The combination of selegiline and levodopa was well tolerated, and the adverse event profiles did not differ from each other. In conclusion, early selegiline therapy allows a significant saving in the subsequent levodopa dosage. This saving seems to become even stronger along with the treat

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00429.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Introduction‐ a study was conducted in the Valle ďAosta Region, Italy, (115270 inhabitants) to determine the prevalence of hereditary ataxias (HA) and hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP), and the degree of disability they cause.Methods‐ we identified all patients with suspected HA or HSP referred from 1981 to 1991 to in‐ and out‐patient departments, EEG, EMG, and CT‐scan services, and centres for the handicapped. Harding's criteria were followed for diagnosis and classification.Results‐ at the prevalence day, 17 patients were alive, with a prevalence ratio of 14.8/100000 population. There were 2 cases of Friedreich's ataxia (FA), 1 of early onset cerebellar ataxia with retained tendon reflexes (EOCA), 1 of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA), 8 of sporadic idiopathic late onset cerebellar ataxias, and 5 of HSP.Conclusions‐ epidemiological studies on HA and HSP show higly variable prevalence ratios, which could be due in part to the inclusion of sporadic cases. FA, EOCA and ADCA have similar prevalence ratios i

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00430.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this study, the course of 60 consecutive multiple sclerosis patients (relapsing‐remitting (RR), relapsing‐progressive (RP), primary‐progressive (PP)) was compared with the number and mean size of the lesions as well as the total load of the lesions as shown on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Significant differences were found between RR and RP patients in total load and number of lesions. Between RR and PP patients statistical significant differences were found in total load, number and size of the lesions when correlated with EDSS. Between RP and PP patients statistical differences were found in total load and size of the lesions on MRI. Patients with a relapsing course of the MS (RR or RP) had a higher total load and size of the lesions than PP patients. The total load, number and size of the lesions corrected for EDSS were also lower compared to relapsing patients. Factor analysis showed a correlation between clinical progression rate and progression rate of MRI abnormalities. No correlation between EDSS and total load of MRI lesions could be found. In conclusion, this study confirms the results of previous studies of differences between MRI scans of patients with a different course

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00431.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During a comprehensive epidemiological study of myasthenia gravis (MG) in Western Denmark 1975‐1989, we analyzed the occurrence, clinical characteristics and prognosis of associated autoimmune diseases (AAD) in MG patients. AAD were found in 20 of 212 incident cases (9%) and in 30 of 220 prevalent cases (14%). The most common diseases were: thyroid disorders and rheumatic arthritis. Clinically, it was not possible to identify a subgroup of MG patients with a higher risk of AAD. In most MG patients the AAD occurred before thymectomy. The severity of the AAD was not influenced by thymectomy. The remission rate was lower in MG patients with AAD than in MG patients without AAD suggesting that the autoimmune response in MG patients with AAD is more sever

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00432.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two familial cases of late onset spasmodic dysphonia and low Arylsulphatase A (ASA) are reported. In one case spasmodic dysphonia was associated with negative head tremor and orthostatic tremor, both displayed postural tremor of the upper extremities. A familial predisposition for both focal dystonia and metabolic lysosomal impairment is suggested by similar observations.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00433.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Introduction‐ Lamotrigine is licenced in many countries for use in patients with partial seizures. Evidence suggests that it may also be effective in generalised epilepsies.Material&methods ‐We analysed retrospectively our patients with idiopathic generalised epilepsy with refractory absences.Results‐ Fifteen patients with idiopathic generalised epilepsies were identified who had been treated with lamotrigine for 3 months or more. All patients were also treated with sodium valproate. Fourteen patients had active absences. Nine (64%) had a total or virtual cessation of absences and in a further patient they became milder and less frequent. One patient reported an increase in seizures. The effective dose of lamotrigine was 1.6‐3.0 mg/kg/day in children and 25‐50 mg/day in adults. Patients who responded did so after the first or second dose. Lamotrigine was well tolerated.Conclusion ‐Low‐dose lamotrigine added to sodium valproate appears to be effective in typical absence seizures. A therapeutic interaction of the two drugs

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00434.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Peripartal asphyxia is still one of the most important factors of neonatal morbidity and mortality and accounts for the majority of non‐progressive neurological deficits seen in children. A set of evaluations that may consistently predict outcome in this patient population would be valuable. The purpose of the present retrospective study was to investigate the prognostic value of the early neonatal EEG and Sarnat scoring obtained in 23 asphyxiated term newborns. All infants met strict entrance criteria, regarding asphyxia, and received standard treatment. The relationship between the Sarnat scoring, the early EEG findings, and the clinical follow up examination (at 1, 5‐7 years) were studied using the Pearson Correlation test and multiple regression. Our study clearly demonstrates a strong correlation between the early neonatal EEG and outcome, even regarding the prediction of minor sequelae (r = 0.79, p<0.0001). The early neonatal EEG is more accurate in predicting the ultimate clinical outcome than the Sarnat scor

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00435.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY