摘要:

AbstractIn order to study the role of platelets in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) we assessed, in a group of patients during a quiescent phase of the disease, the plasma levels of ß‐thromboglobulin (ß‐TG) and platelet factor four (PF4) both in absence of treatment and during administration of aspirin (ASA) at the dose of 50 mg/daily. In the MS patients studied, the basal plasma levels of ß‐TG and PF4were significantly higher than in control subjects. The increase in the ß‐TG plasma levels occurred independently of the age, sex and severity of the disease, whereas the modification in the PF4plasma levels was significantly correlated with the severity of the disease. Administration to the patients of ASA, at the dose that does not affect prostacyclin production, determined a decrease of ß‐TG in 77% of the patients. Mean PF4plasma levels remained unchanged. These results suggest that PF4in the plasma of MS patients may originate not only from the platelets but also from the mast cells following platelet aggregating factor (PAF) stimulation and immunocom

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03550.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe describe clinical and electrophysiological findings in 8 patients with tumors of germ cell origin before and after treatment with high‐dose cisplatin (800–1400 mg) combined with etoposide and bleomycin. All patients developed clinical or electrophysiological signs, or both, of a peripheral sensory neuropathy. One had in addition clinical and electrophysiological signs of CNS involvement, and 2 had a central conduction defect revealed by auditory stimulat

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03551.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) was produced by stimulating brainstem pressor sites in cats anesthetized withα‐chloralose. The ICP responses were augmented by lowering prestimulus BP and reduced by elevating prestimulus BP. In contrast, stimulus‐induced pressor response of BP showed no consistent correlation to prestimulus BP. When the mean amplitude of stimulus‐induced ICP responses at the control prestimulus ICP (within 18 mmHg) was plotted against the mean of the prestimulus BP levels for each site examined, the sites were classified into 2 groups by the regression line; sites generating a marked ICP response above the line and those generating a small ICP response on and under the line. The former sites were located in the paramedian region of the reticular formation includingnuclei parvocellularisandgigantocellularis.The latter sites scattered throughout the brainstem pressor area. The ICP response at the former sites was markedly increased at an elevated prestimulus ICP. The peak ICP response at 30–50 mmHg of prestimulus ICP was 70–100 mmHg, similar to plateau waves. The ratio of ICP response size to BP response size was negatively correlated to prestimulus BP and the regression line was 2–5 times steeper at an elevated prestimulus ICP (18–60 mmHg) than at the control ICP. On the other hand, the negative relation between the response ratio and the BP for the latter sites produced no such change at the increased prestimulus ICP. These findings suggest that the ICP response is produced primarily by neurogenic intracranial vasodilation, which works most effectively at moderately decreased cerebral perfusion pressure. This mechanism may be involved in a series of events that results in

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03552.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHereditary CNS amyloid angiopathy occurring in Icelanders is the first human disorder known to be caused by deposition of cystatin C amyloid fibrils in the walls of the brain arteries leading to single or or multiple strokes with fatal outcome. One or more affected members have been verified by histological examination in 8 families containing 127 affected. These originated from the same geographic area. Abnormally low value of cystatin C found in the cerebrospinal fluid of those affected can be used to support or make diagnosis of this disease, also in asymptomatic relatives. By amino acid sequence analysis the amyloid fibrils in the patients are found to be a variant of cystatin C (γ‐trace), a major cysteine proteinase inhibitor. The variant protein has an amino acid substitution (glutamine for leucine) at position 58 in the amyloid molecule. It is postulated that a point mutation has occurred leading to production of amyloidogenic protein causing the disord

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03553.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA congenital myotubular myopathy in a family is presented. An elderly woman, her daughter and her granddaughter showed the characteristic clinical and histological pattern of the disease. It is still a matter of debate whether the disease is of myopathic or neuropathic origin. The similarity of the muscle fibre with a myotube of the fetus might point towards an arrest of the maturation after 20th week of gestation perhaps caused by a lack of a trophic factor from the motor nerve.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03554.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAmong 133 consecutive patients with the clinical diagnosis of vascular dementia there were 6 patients (4.5%) in whom dementia was judged to be associated with cerebral hypoperfusion due to cardiac arrhythmias and systemic hypotension. Patients with cardio‐pulmonary arrest and resuscitation were excluded from this series. Our findings suggest that cerebral hypoperfusion is not an uncommon mechanism to contribute to the evolution of vascular dementia in the elderly. Besides arrhythmias, also hypovolaemia caused by diuretics medication might have been a contributory factor to hypoperfusion. It is evident that cerebral hypoperfusion is the predominant mechanism responsible for vascular dementia in some cases. It may be a contributing factor also in many cases of multi‐infarct dementia. Thus, besides dementia after cardio‐pulmonary arrest, vascular dementia of the haemodynamic type as a separate clinical entity is open to discu

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03555.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExperiences gained from the first 56 patients operated upon for lumbar disc herniation by the microsurgical technique in our clinic are presented. The results are compared with those of conventional operations performed by the author and a senior colleague. Compared with the traditional operation the microsurgical approach meant a shorter duration of operation, less bleeding during surgery, less post‐operative wound pain, a shorter post‐operative stay in hospital and return to work within half the usual time. Six months after operation 96% of the patients treated by the microsurgical technique were relieved of their root pain and 89% were free from low back pain. The corresponding figures at follow‐up 3.6 years post‐operatively were 89% and 80% respectively. Compared with the results of the present and previous series of conventional operations, this means a high degree of success. Restitution of pre‐operative neurological impairment was complete in 90% of the patients at 6 months. There were no haemorrhagic complications, infections or increased neurological disturbances following microsurgery. Microanatomical examinations revealed capsule formation around prolapsed sequestra with time and adherence to the nerve root, which are considered to be foreign body reactions. In conclusion, microsurgery has proven to be a safe, non‐traumatic procedure in the removal of lumbar disc herniations, with very good longt

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03556.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study investigated whether there are predictors for initial severity of ideomotor apraxia (IMA) in focal left‐hemisphere vascular patients. One hundred and twenty‐nine subjects were examined between 15 and 30 days post‐onset. Twentyfive patients with bilateral lesions were also studied in order to delineate the role of the right hemisphere. Other neuropsychological variables (i.e., token test, progressive matrices and oral apraxia scores) and size of the lesion were included in the experimental design. The main results were that a) token test, progressive matrices, oral apraxia scores, and lesion size correlate significantly with IMA, and b) that the presence of a second lesion in the right hemisphere is not found to have any significant effect on initial severity o

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03557.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI), multimodal evoked responses (ER) and HLA antigens were examined in 10 patients with idiopathic acute optic neuritis (ON) without any clinical symptoms or signs of multiple sclerosis (MS) during 9–14 years. In MRI, abnormalities compatible with MS were seen in 4 patients. In spite of clinically unilateral ON, a bilateral abnormality in visual evoked responses (VER) was seen in 3 of 9 cases. Brain stem auditory evoked responses (BAER) were normal in all cases, short latency somatosensory evoked response (SER) in all but one. The cerebrospinal fluid at time of ON showed signs of demyelination in one case only. The frequency of HLA antigens DR2 (78%) and B18 (40%) was significantly increased in comparison to healthy controls. MRI seems to be the most sensitive method in the detection of cerebral lesions of MS, especially in mild or asymptomatic forms of the disease. The present techniques are, however, mostly unable to demonstrate optic nerve lesions which more reliably can be evaluated by VERs. The question whether idiopathic ON represents a form of MS solely, cannot be resolve

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03558.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFasciculation potentials were quantitated during wakefulness (W) and the different sleep stages in 10 patients affected by motor neuron disease. Compared to W, no statistically significant variation was present in fasciculations during any sleep stage. Fasciculations remain unaffected by the decrease in central nervous system excitability which occurs during sleep.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03559.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY