摘要:

ABSTRACTTwo cases of ophthalmoplegia ataxia and areflexia are described, each with undoubted central and peripheral neural affection. It is concluded that the cardinal features are due to brainstem pathology, and support the hypothesis that this syndrome and the post‐infectious polyradiculoneuritides represent differing ends of a spectrum which reflects two modes of nervous system reaction to a presumed infective challeng

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb05449.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTFive patients with variable clinical symptoms were diagnosed as having—subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (Binswanger disease) based on the presence of lacunar infarcts in basal ganglia, various abnormalities of subcortical white matter and severe thickening and hyalinization of penetrating arteries and arterioles. One case had a classical clinical picture while in the others the course of the disease was short and was associated with severe systemic abnormalities. The variability of the clinical features, the identity of “classical” clinical symptoms with other forms of cerebral arteriosclerosis, the similarity between “atypical” cases and other entities, and the high frequency of associated conditions makes it difficult to characterize the clinical pathological entity called subcortical arteriosclerotic encep

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb05450.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTFree amino acid concentrations of CSF were measured in bacterial meningitis, aseptic meningitis, meningoradiculitis Garin‐Bujadoux‐Bannwarth, multiple sclerosis, carcinomatous meningitis, and controls. Almost all CSF amino acids were highly elevated in bacterial but not in aseptic meningitis, meningoradiculitis Garin‐Bujadoux‐Bannwarth or carcinomatous meningitis thus providing a laboratory tool for their differential diagnosis. In carcinomatous meningitis the amino acid pattern indicates metabolic activity of tumor cells. Minimal alterations were found in multiple sclerosis which have no diagnosti

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb05451.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSubcutaneous blood flow in the temporal region (TSBF) was measured by the local 133 Xenon washout technique in 43 migraine patients; 19 were re‐examined in the course of spontaneous attacks. During attacks, TSBF was normal compared to the headache‐free state. In 13 unilateral attacks, the median ipsilateral to contralateral ratio of TSBF was 1: 1.276, (NS). During 30° passive head‐up tilt, TSBF decreased by a median of 27% during headache‐free intervals and by a median, 21% during migraine attacks. The difference between the 2 occasions was not significant. Head‐up tilt resulted in a median 4.5% increase in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and a median 5.3% increase in heart rate (HR) during headache‐free intervals and 3.4% and 3.2% respectively during migraine attacks. These results are evidence against a vasomotor disturbance of the extracranial tissues during attacks of migraine. The cardio‐vascular response to the orthostatic stimulus indicates a normal function of this part of the autonomic nervous system during mi

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb05452.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTRecent reports have shown that despite an apparently satisfactory recovery from previous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), many patients still have minor sequelae when specifically looked for. The cause of this so‐called post‐SAH‐encephalopathy is uncertain. This prospective study comprises 54 patients who underwent aneurysmal surgery after SAH between September 1978 and March 1985. One patient died, and 6 patients were non‐biased drop‐outs. CSF hydrodynamics, determined by infusion test and isotope cisternography, were evaluated on the remaining 47 patients in the recovery stage. Five patients (11%) were found to have typical clinical, CSF dynamic and radiological manifestations of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), and all were shunted with good results. Twelve (26%) had abnormal results consistent with disturbed CSF‐hydrodynamics, although there were no clinical or radiological findings supporting the diagnosis of shunt‐demanding NPH. Disturbed CSF‐hydrodynamics as one of the possible etiological factors of post‐SAH‐encephal

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb05453.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTWe compared orosomucoid levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with aseptic meningitis, multiple sclerosis, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, CNS‐affecting leukemia/lymphoma, and CNS‐tumor with the levels in a reference group not having neurologic diseases. Because of possible blood brain barrier damage, we corrected for orosomucoid derived from serum by using the orosomucoid index, i.e. (CSF/serum orosomucoid)/(CSF/serum albumin). Elevated CSF orosomucoid was found in several diseases. In no case, however, was there any evidence of intrathecal synthesis of the protein. We concluded that CSF orosornucoid determination, when used as the only, measure, is of limited clinical va

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb05454.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTPrimidone was compared to the unselective beta adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol in the suppression of essential tremor. In a 4‐week single‐blind placebo‐controlled study primidone was given in increasing doses from 62.5 mg × 1 up to 250 mg × 3 daily and propranolol 20 mg × 3 daily. The drugs produced a similar reduction in the degree of tremor after 2 and 1 weeks' medication respectively. This indicates that primidone can be an alternative to propranolol when beta‐blockers are contraindicated. However, primidone was significantly even more effective in the beginning after only 2 doses, when at the same time 10 of 13 patients showed a maximum of acute toxic side‐effects producing nausea, vomiting, giddiness and/or sedation. Correlation analysis between the individual tremor amplitude reductions and plasma primidone concentrations showed on the second day a tendency towards a greater reduction in tremor in those patients with the highest primidone plasma concentration. By the fourteenth day tremor had increased compared with the second day and correlation analysis between individual increase in tremor amplitude and plasma phenobarbital concentrations showed the highest digree of tremor increase in those patients who had the highest levels of phenobarbital. These and other data suggest that after the first doses, tremor suppression and acute toxicity is related to the initial exposure to primidone and the plasma level of the drug itself rather than its metabolites phenobarbital and phenylethylmalanornide. The individual tremor frequency spectrums did not change significantly during the placebo and propranolol periods, whereas the frequency tended to decrease during the prim

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb05455.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to examine whether it was possible by a reaction time (RT) test to predict if a patient was to complain of sequelae after a cerebral concussion. 55 patients had an RT test performed 1–5 days after concussion. The test showed a significant (P<0.02) prolongated RT in patients having postconcussional sequelae (median 186 ms) after 1 month (27 patients, 49%) compared to the patients without sequelae (median 168 ms). Patients with sequelae after 3 months (12 patients, 22%) also had a prolongation of RT (median 183 ms) although non‐significant. These results supports a structural organic etiology for postconcussional seque

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb05456.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTDuring a thorough surveillance of viral infections of the central nervous system an outbreak of aseptic meningitis was discovered in the western part of Finland in late 1985. The 21 diseased young adults were carefully studied by different virological methods. A presumed viral etiology, in all cases of enteroviral origin, was found in 16 of 20 (80%) with adequate specimens. Four different enteroviruses were associated with this episode; in 9 cases the presumed etiological agent was echovirus 5, while coxsackie B5, echo 25 and echo 17 viruses appeared to be responsible for 4, 2 and 1 case, respectively. Sensitivity of different diagnostic methods as regards detection of the echovirus 5 infections was in order: increase of type‐specific neutralizing serum antibodies, isolation of virus from faeces, isolation from throat and group diagnosis by demonstrdling an increase in complement‐fixing antibodies to coxsackie BS virus anti

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb05457.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTLevels of neopterin, a factor known to be released from macrophages and monocytes at increased rates in cellular immune reactions, were higher in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in 10 of 12 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) during exacerbations in comparison with remissions. This significant elevation in CSF during exacerbations was not reflected in serum. These results indicate that determination of neopterin in CSF may be a useful marker of disease activity in MS.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb05458.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY