摘要:

Lymphocyte transformation responses to measles, mumps, herpes simplex and parainfluenza virus antigens and purified protein derivative of tuberculin were determined in both 78 normal controls and 40 patients with multiple sclerosis, 16 of whom were studied serially.Patients with multiple sclerosis showed significantly reduced responses to all antigens except herpes simplex. Impaired responses occurred at all stages of clinical activity, but were lowest during recovery from an acute exacerbation or in patients with chronic disease. The transformation responses to measles, mumps and parainfluenza virus antigens correlated significantly with the numbers of circulating T cells, which, similarly, showed parallel fluctuations with disease activity.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1981.tb00752.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Twenty‐four consecutive patients with familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (type 1), who were at different stages of the disease were investigated. The purpose was to report the electrophysiological features and to compare them with those found in other generalized neuropathies; 12 cases were familiar and 12 cases were sporadic. The diagnosis was confirmed by examining the occurrence of amyloid substance in rectal or skin biopsies or both. Single fiber EMG with fiber density determination showed signs of collateral innervation, prominent in advanced cases, and a disturbance of neuromuscular function similar to that of progressive spinal motorneurone diseases. Action potentials from afferent fibers were not obtained in 91 % of the nerves in the lower and 49 % of the nerves in the upper extremities. When sensory or motor action potentials were obtained, the conduction velocities were normal or slightly subnormal. The neurophysiological findings indicate a symmetrical axonal degeneration, starting in the legs.Familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy should be suspected in cases of rapidly progressing polyneuropathy of axonal type with onset in middle age, irrespective of whether they are hereditary or no

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1981.tb00753.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Hypothyroidism induced by anti‐epileptic drug treatment gave rise to thyroid function test studies in patients treated with carbamazepine (CBZ) only.In 42 patients on long‐term CBZ treatment thyroxine (T4), free T4‐index (FT4I), and triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations in serum were significantly lower than in controls, while triiodothyronine uptake (T3U) and thyrotropin (TSH) concentrations did not differ between patients and controls. In 12 patients starting on CBZ, mean T4, calculated FT4 and thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) were 1–5 months later reduced compared to the initial levels.Thus, CBZ reduced thyroid hormones, TBG and FT4I. A CBZ‐induced increase in conversion and metabolism of the thyroid hormones could explain this effect. The normal T3U values and decreased concentrations of TBG make a competitive CBZ binding to TBG less probable.Although the thyroid hormone levels were found lowered in the patients, all remained clinically euthyroid during

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1981.tb00754.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

4‐Aminopyridine (4‐AP) facilitates both inhibitory and excitatory synaptic activity in the central nervous system, and may, therefore, be a drug of potential therapeutic use in brain diseases with a disturbed synaptic transmission. In the present study the vasomotor effects upon isolated feline brain vessels, and regional cerebral blood flow and brain cortical metabolism in rats were examined. At high concentrations (above 10−6M) a minor vasoconstriction was obtained of isolated pial vessels. Measurements of regional cerebral blood flow using the14C‐ethanol technique resulted in a significant increase in blood flow of caudate nucleus (93 %), thalamus (74 %) and cerebellum (82 %). The arteriovenous oxygen difference of cortical tissue was reduced from 3.20 mmol O2/ml to 1.69 mmol O2/ml by 4‐AP. This was not associated with an increase in cortical blood flow. Calculation of the cortical metabolic rate of oxygen, however, failed to demonstrate any significa

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1981.tb00755.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with the occurrence of viral or bacterial diseases, with vaccinations, or with operative events during childhood. Our reference population was 198,000 persons recorded in the register of school health records from the Copenhagen council. We compared 92 MS patients contained in the register with matched controls from the register, three for each patient. Risk of MS was inversely associated with a positive tuberculin skin test at age 7 years, i.e. with exposure to tuberculosis before the age of 7, and possibly also with the occurrence of measles infection before age 7 (not statistically significant). Disease risk was not significantly related to other viral or bacterial infections of childhood, nor to routine vaccinations, tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy or appendectomy.Our findings suggest a difference between MS patients and controls with respect to environment before school age, the former being less exposed to air‐borne infection

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1981.tb00756.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

By analyzing birth order distribution in 107 patients with multiple sclerosis, a positive association is found between birth order and risk of multiple sclerosis. Conditionally to the number of siblings in the 107 families, patients’ mean birth order is significantly greater than expected. The number of patients whose birth order is equal to one is significantly smaller than the corresponding expected value. The present finding is in contrast to recent results observed byIsager et al.(1980) and this potential association deserves to be further investigate

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1981.tb00757.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1981.tb00759.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1981.tb00760.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1981.tb00762.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1981.tb00763.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY